Kodi munamvapo wina akunena kuti, "Magazi amaundana"? Izi zitha kukhala zoopsa kwambiri. Taganizirani mitsempha yamagazi m'thupi lathu ngati njira ya mapaipi. Ngati magazi amaundana, otchedwa `thrombus`, apanga ndikumangika kulikonse m'mapaipi awa, magazi amatuluka m'magaziwo. Ngati izi zitachitika mumtsempha waukulu womwe umapereka magazi ku ubongo, mtima, kapena mkono kapena mwendo, chiwalo chimenecho chikhoza kuwonongeka, mwina ngakhale kupha. Pakagwa mwadzidzidzi chonchi, tikambirana za chithandizo chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chingapulumutse moyo lero.
Mwachidule, kodi kuchotsa thrombectomy n'chiyani?
Kuchotsa magazi m'thupi (thrombectomy) ndi njira yochotsera magazi omwe amamatira mkati mwa mitsempha yathu yamagazi (mitsempha kapena mitsempha) kudzera mu opaleshoni kapena njira ina yapadera yofanana nayo. Zili ngati kuchotsa dothi lomwe limamatira mu chitoliro cha madzi ndikulola madziwo kuti ayendenso.
Magazi oundana amenewa amatha kupangika m'malo ambiri m'thupi lathu. Amapezeka kwambiri m'miyendo, m'manja, m'matumbo, muubongo, m'mapapo, ndi mumtima. Nthawi zina magazi oundana amenewa amafunika kuchotsedwa mwachangu, mkati mwa maola ochepa. Kupanda kutero, akhoza kuwononga chiwalo chokhudzidwacho kwamuyaya kapena kuyika moyo pachiswe.
Ndani kwenikweni amene akufunikira chithandizochi?
Kawirikawiri, magazi akaundana, pamakhala mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa kuti asungunuke. Timawatcha kuti `anticoagulants` (mankhwala ochepetsa magazi) ndi `thrombolytics` (mankhwala osungunula magazi). Koma nthawi zina, mankhwala awa okha sangachotse magazi oundana, kapena pali nthawi zina pamene mankhwala sapezeka. Pamenepo ndi pomwe madokotala amasankha kuchita opaleshoni ya Thrombectomy.
Chithandizochi chimafunika kwambiri pa:
- Ngati pali chiopsezo cha kuvulala kwa moyo .
- Ngati pali chiopsezo chakuti magazi oundana (thrombus) atuluke pamalo ake oyamba ndikuyenda m'magazi kupita kwina m'thupi (monga m'mapapo) ('embolus').
- Ngati pali chiopsezo cha kuwonongeka kosatha kwa chiwalo kapena minofu yoyenera.
Njira imeneyi ndi yofunika kwambiri kuti magazi abwerere msanga ku ubongo kapena mtima, makamaka pa nthawi yadzidzidzi monga sitiroko ndi matenda a mtima.
Ndi nthawi ziti pamene opaleshoni ya thrombectomy siichitidwa?
Mankhwalawa sachitika pa magazi onse omwe amaundana. Nthawi zina, pali zifukwa zomwe izi sizingachitike kapena siziyenera kuchitika. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili.
| Zifukwa zosachitira opaleshoni ya thrombectomy | Kufotokozera kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Kuvuta kufika pamalo pomwe magazi amaundana | Mitsempha ina yamagazi ili m'malo akuya kwambiri komanso ovuta. N'zovuta kuyika zida pamalo otere. |
| Kukhala ndi magazi oundana m'mitsempha yaying'ono kwambiri yamagazi | Zipangizo sizingaikidwe m'mitsempha yaying'ono kwambiri. Zitha kuwonongeka. |
| Amachiritsidwa ndi mankhwala | Ngati zingathe kuthetsedwa ndi mankhwala ochepetsa magazi, palibe chiopsezo chochitidwa opaleshoni. |
| Kukhala ndi matenda otsekeka magazi | Anthu ena ali ndi matenda obadwa nawo a magazi, ndipo opaleshoni ikhoza kukhala yoopsa kwa iwo. |
| Kutuluka magazi mu ubongo (Intracranial Hemorrhage) | Ngati pali kale kutuluka magazi muubongo, kuchita opaleshoni yamtunduwu kungapangitse kuti vutoli liipireipire. |
| Kuthamanga kwa magazi kosalamulirika | Mavuto amakhala ambiri mukachitidwa opaleshoni yokhala ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi kwambiri. |
Kodi njira zazikulu zochotsera magazi oundana awa ndi ziti?
Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zochotsera thrombectomy. Zili ngati kupanga dzenje lalikulu kuti mupange msewu, kapena kuboola dzenje laling'ono ndikulikonza kuchokera mkati.
1. Opaleshoni yotseguka (Opaleshoni / Yotsegula Thrombectomy)
Mu njira imeneyi, dokotalayo amadula khungu pa mtsempha womwe uli ndi magazi oundana, amatsegula pang'onopang'ono mtsemphawo, amaika chipangizo chapadera chonga baluni ('baluni catheter') ndikutulutsa magazi oundana. Kenako mtsemphawo umasokedwa pamodzi mosamala ndipo khungu limatsekedwa. Iyi ndi njira yachikhalidwe.
2. Kuchotsa Thupi Losagwira Ntchito Pakhungu / Losalowa Mwachangu
Iyi ndi njira yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri komanso yapamwamba kwambiri masiku ano. Palibe kudula kwakukulu. M'malo mwake, bowo laling'ono limapangidwa mu mtsempha wamagazi m'dzanja kapena mwendo, ndipo chubu chopyapyala (catheter) chimalowetsedwamo.
Pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wojambulira zithunzi monga X-ray, chubuchi chimatsogozedwa komwe magazi adaundana. Kenako, zida zapadera zimadutsa mu chubucho,
- Magazi oundana amatha kusweka m'zidutswa tating'onoting'ono ndikusungunuka (`macerated`).
- Kapenanso, magazi oundana amatha kuchotsedwa, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi vacuum cleaner (`Aspiration Thrombectomy`).
Njirayi ndi yothandiza kwambiri chifukwa palibe kuvulala kwakukulu, kotero wodwalayo amatha kuchira mwachangu.
Ndi matenda ati omwe angachiritsidwe ndi chithandizochi?
Chithandizochi, chotchedwa thrombectomy, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda ambiri ofunika kwambiri.
- Kutsekeka kwa Mitsempha Yaikulu (DVT): Magazi amaundana, makamaka m'mitsempha yakuya ya miyendo.
- Stroke: Kuundana kwa magazi kumatseka mtsempha wamagazi womwe umatumiza magazi ku ubongo.
- Myocardial Infarction: Kuundana kwa magazi m'mitsempha ya mtima yomwe imapereka magazi kumtima.
- Kutupa kwa Mapapo: Kutupa kwa magazi komwe kwapangika kwina m'thupi kumasweka ndipo kumakhala mumtsempha m'mapapo.
- Kufooka kwa Miyendo: Kutaya mwadzidzidzi kwa magazi kupita ku dzanja kapena mwendo.
- Kutsekeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi yopereka magazi ku matumbo (`Mesenteric Ischemia`) kapena impso (`Renal Artery Occlusion`).
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani musanalandire chithandizo komanso mutalandira chithandizo?
Musanalandire chithandizo
Nthawi zina izi zimachitika ngati njira yadzidzidzi, kotero palibe nthawi yokonzekera. Komabe, musanachite opaleshoni yochotsa thrombectomy, dokotala wanu angakufunseni kuti:
- Mayeso ojambulira: Kujambula kwa ultrasound, MRI, kapena CT kungapangidwe kuti mudziwe kukula ndi malo enieni a magazi oundana.
- Kusiya kusuta: Ngati mukusuta, mukulangizidwa kuti musiye musanachite opaleshoni.
- Kudziwa Mankhwala: Muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu za mankhwala onse omwe mukumwa (kuphatikizapo mankhwala ochepetsa magazi, ochepetsa ululu, ndi mavitamini). Mankhwala ena angafunike kuyimitsidwa musanachite opaleshoni.
Pambuyo pa chithandizo
Mukalandira chithandizo, mudzatengedwera ku chipinda chowonera odwala ndikuyang'aniridwa mpaka vuto lanu litakhazikika. Anthu ena akhoza kupita kunyumba tsiku lomwelo. Ena angafunike kukhala m'chipatala kwa masiku angapo. Izi zimadalira komwe magazi amaundana komanso mtundu wa chithandizo chomwe chaperekedwa.
Atabwerera kunyumba,
- Amapereka malangizo a momwe angasungire bala kukhala loyera.
- Muyenera kupitiriza kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi kuti magazi asaundanenso.
- Mungauzidwe kuti muvale masokosi apadera (ma sokisi opondereza) a miyendo yanu.
Chofunika kwambiri ndikutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu molondola.
Kodi ubwino ndi zoopsa zake ndi ziti?
Monga chithandizo chilichonse chamankhwala, ichi chili ndi ubwino ndi zoopsa zake.
| Ubwino | Zoopsa |
|---|---|
| Kukhala wokhoza kupulumutsa miyoyo. | Kutuluka magazi. |
| Kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kosatha kwa ziwalo. | Kuwonongeka kwa mtsempha wamagazi. |
| Kuchepetsa chilema mu vuto monga sitiroko. | Matenda a bala. |
| Kuchotsa chiopsezo chotaya mkono kapena mwendo. | Kubwerezabwereza kwa magazi kuundana. |
| Bwezeretsani kuyenda kwa magazi mwachangu. | Chotupacho chimatuluka m'mapapo ndipo chimakhazikika m'mapapo (Pulmonary Embolism). |
Nthawi yoti mupeze upangiri wachipatala nthawi yomweyo
Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi mutalandira chithandizo, imbani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo kapena pitani ku Dipatimenti Yodzidzimutsa (ETU) ya chipatala chapafupi.
- Kutuluka magazi kapena mafinya kuchokera pabala.
- Kupweteka pachifuwa kapena kuvutika kupuma.
- Malungo .
- Chizungulire chachikulu kapena mutu wopepuka.
- Kusokonezeka kapena kutaya chidziwitso.
- Kupweteka kwambiri, kutupa , kapena dzanzi m'manja kapena m'miyendo.
Musanyalanyaze zizindikiro izi. Zingakhale chizindikiro cha vuto lina.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kuchotsa magazi m'mitsempha yamagazi (thrombectomy) ndi njira yopulumutsa moyo yomwe imachotsa magazi owundana omwe ali mumtsempha wamagazi ndikubwezeretsa kuyenda kwa magazi.
- Pali maopaleshoni otseguka komanso njira zamakono zopangira catheter.
- Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa matenda aakulu monga sitiroko, matenda a mtima, ndi DVT.
- Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani monga momwe mwalangizidwira kuti magazi asaundanenso mutatha kulandira chithandizo.
- Dziwitsani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo za zizindikiro zilizonse zachilendo zomwe zingachitike mutalandira chithandizo.
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