Reka twige ku ikizamini cya MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging). Reka tuvuge ku bisobanuro birambuye nta bwoba!

Ese wigeze wumva ibyerekeye gupimwa MRI? Ahari muganga wawe yagusabye kuyipimwa. Cyangwa se inshuti cyangwa umuvandimwe wayikorewe. Rero, ushobora kuba ufite ibibazo byinshi ku bijyanye n'icyo MRI ari cyo, impamvu ikorwa, n'uko bigenda nyuma yayo. Ntugahangayike, uyu munsi turaganira kuri iki kizamini cya MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) mu buryo bworoshye ushobora gusobanukirwa.

MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) ni iki mu by'ukuri?

Muri make, MRI ni ikizamini kidababaza kidufasha kubona imbere mu mibiri yacu, nk'ingingo n'imitsi, neza cyane . Gikoresha rukuruzi nini, imiraba ya radiyo, na mudasobwa kugira ngo gikore amashusho arambuye y'imbere mu mibiri yacu. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni uko kidakoresha imirasire ya X, cyangwa imirasire.

Akenshi, iyo umuntu akeneye gupimwa kenshi, cyane cyane mu bice nk'ubwonko, abaganga bahitamo iyi MRI. Impamvu ni uko kubera ko nta mirasire ibaho, ntacyo yangiza cyane iyo ikozwe kenshi. Tekereza, mu gihe uvura indwara zimwe na zimwe, ugomba gukomeza gupimwa kugira ngo urebe niba indwara ikomeje kwiyongera cyangwa irushaho kumera neza. Muri ibyo bihe, MRI ni ingirakamaro cyane.

'MRI Ifunguye' ni iki?

Ubu, hari ubwoko bubiri bw'imashini za MRI. Bumwe ni ubwoko bwa 'Open MRI'. Muri ubu buryo, uryama ku buriri, kandi hari imashini ebyiri zirambuye hejuru no munsi yawe. Ibi bitanga umwanya munini ku mpande zombi. Hari abantu bumva babangamiwe iyo binjiriye mu bundi bwoko bwa mashini za MRI. Kuri bo, 'Open MRI' ni nziza cyane kuko idafunganye cyane.

Ariko hari ikibazo gito. Amashusho yafashwe hakoreshejwe iyi mashini ya 'Open MRI' ntabwo asobanutse neza nk'ayafashwe n'izindi mashini za 'Closed-bore MRI'. Iyi mashini ya 'Closed-bore MRI' ifite uruziga rufite magnets hirya no hino. Imeze nk'umuyoboro. Ujya muri iyo mashini. Bityo ni ntoya gato, kandi nta mwanya munini uri hagati y'umutwe wawe n'igice cy'imashini cyavuzwe haruguru. Kubera iyo mpamvu, bamwe bashobora kumva batameze neza kandi bafite ubwoba. Ariko, amashusho meza cyane ashobora gufatwa hakoreshejwe iyi mashini.

Niba uri gupimwa na MRI kandi ukaba utinya ahantu hato, ganira na muganga wawe kuri ibyo. Azashobora kuguha imiti igabanya ububabare cyangwa se imiti igabanya ububabare nibiba ngombwa.

MRI ifite 'contrast' ni iki?

Mu gihe cyo gupima MRI, uterwa urushinge ruto rw'ibintu bitandukanya amashusho. Rurimo icyuma kidasanzwe cyitwa gadolinium. Iyo iki gikoresho gishyizwe mu mubiri wawe, gihindura imiterere ya rukuruzi y'uturemangingo tw'amazi turi hafi aho. Ibi bituma amashusho arushaho kuba meza . Ibi byongera ubushobozi bwo kumva no kugaragaza ishusho.

Gukoresha ibi bintu byo 'gutandukanya ibintu' byongera umucyo w'ibi bintu:

• Ibibyimba
• Indwara zo kubyimba (`Inflammation`)
• Kwandura
• Uburyo amaraso atangwa mu ngingo zimwe na zimwe
• Imitsi y'amaraso

Niba MRI yawe isaba ubwoko bw'ibikoresho byo kugabanya isura, umuganga azashyiramo kanula nto ("catheter iterwa mu mitsi (umurongo wa IV)") mu mutsi uri mu kuboko kwawe cyangwa mu kiganza. Aha niho umuti uterwa.

Iyi miti "itandukanye" ni umuti wizewe . Hari igihe ingaruka mbi nke zishobora kubaho, ariko ingaruka zikomeye ni gake cyane.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya MRI na CT scan?

MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) ikoresha magneti, imiraba ya radiyo, na mudasobwa kugira ngo ikore amashusho y'imbere mu mubiri. Ariko, scan za CT (Computed Tomography) zikoresha X-ray na mudasobwa.

Abaganga bakunze guhitamo MRI aho gukoresha CT scan kugira ngo barebe ingingo zoroshye , ari zo ngingo z'umubiri zitari amagufwa. MRI scans nazo ni nziza kuko zidafite imirasire ya iyonizing nk'iyo X-rays ikora.

Si ibyo gusa, ahubwo na MRI ishobora kubona ibintu nk'ubwonko bwawe, uruti rw'umugongo, imitsi, imitsi, imitsi, n'imitsi neza cyane kurusha X-ray na CT scan zisanzwe.

Ariko, si buri wese ushobora gukora MRI. Imbaraga zikomeye za MRI zishobora kwimura implants zimwe na zimwe z'icyuma mu mubiri, cyangwa zigira ingaruka ku mikorere y'ibikoresho nka pacemakers na insuline pumps. Muri ibyo bihe, CT scan ni yo nzira ikurikiraho nziza.

Ubusanzwe gupima MRI birahenze gato kurusha gupima X-ray cyangwa CT.

Ni iki gishobora gusuzumwa hakoreshejwe MRI?

Twumvise ko MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) ishobora gufata amafoto arambuye y'imbere mu mubiri wawe. Bityo, abaganga bashobora "kubona" ​​ibintu byinshi biri mu mubiri wawe bakoresheje iyi MRI, harimo:

• Ubwonko bwawe n'imitsi ibukikije .
• Ingirangingo zo mu gituza no mu nda. Ingero zirimo umutima, umwijima, inzira y'ibinure, impyiko, urwagashya, amara, pancreas, n'uturemangingo tw'intanga ngabo.
• Urugingo rw'ibere.
• Uruti rw'umugongo n'umugongo wawe.
• Ibice by'imbere mu gituza. Ibi birimo uruhago n'imyanya myibarukiro (inda n'intanga ngore mu bagore, prostate mu bagabo).
• Imitsi y'amaraso.
• Uduce tw'imitsi.

Ni ryari nkeneye gupimwa MRI?

Abaganga bakoresha MRI scan kugira ngo bamenye indwara zitandukanye no kureba uburyo ubuvuzi bukora neza. Hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa MRI, bitewe n'igice cy'umubiri wawe wifuza kureba.

MRI zo mu bwonko n'umugongo zifasha gusuzuma no kuvura indwara nka:

• Imitsi y'ubwonko.
• Ibibyimba byo mu bwonko n'ibibyimba byo mu ruti rw'umugongo.
• Kwangirika k'ubwonko cyangwa uruti rw'umugongo bitewe n'impanuka.
• Gukanda cyangwa kubyimba kw'umugongo n'imitsi (urugero: 'imitsi ipfutse').
• Ubushobozi bwo kuvura indwara ya sclerosis nyinshi (MS).
• Indwara ziterwa n'umugongo.
• Imiterere n'aho umugongo uherereye.
• Indwara yo mu bwonko (stroke).

MRI z'umutima (umutima) zikoreshwa kubera impamvu zitandukanye:

• Reba ingano y'ibyumba by'umutima wawe, imiyoboro y'umutima, imiyoboro y'amaraso minini n'uko amaraso anyuramo, ndetse n'imiterere n'imikorere y'imiterere ikikije.
• Menya indwara z'umutima n'imitsi, nk'ibibyimba, indwara zandura, n'indwara zo kubyimba.
• Suzuma ingaruka z'indwara y'imitsi itera umutima. Urugero, kugabanya amaraso ajya mu mitsi y'umutima, inkovu ku mitsi y'umutima nyuma yo gurwara umutima.
• Reba imiterere n'imikorere y'umutima n'imitsi y'amaraso mu bana n'abantu bakuru bafite indwara z'umutima bavukanye.

MRI ku bindi bice by'umubiri (Body MRIs) zishobora kureba imiterere n'imimerere nka:

• Utubyimba mu gituza cyawe, mu nda, cyangwa mu kibuno.
• Indwara z'umwijima, nka cirrhose, ndetse n'ibibazo by'imiyoboro y'amaraso n'impyiko.
• Indwara zo kubyimba amara, urugero, indwara ya Crohn na colitis y'ibisebe.
• Utunyangingo tw'amaraso n'ububyimbirwe bw'imitsi y'amaraso (vasculitis).
• Uruhinja ruri mu nda rukiri mu nda.

MRIs z'amagufwa n'ingingo zifasha gusuzuma:

• Ubwandu bw'amagufwa (osteomyelitis).
• Ibibyimba by'amagufwa.
• Utumenyero tw’uturemangingo mu turemangingo turi hagati y’amagufwa y’umugongo.
• Ibibazo by'ingingo biterwa n'imvune.

Hari igihe abaganga bakora MRIs y'ibere hamwe na mammography kugira ngo bamenye kanseri y'ibere, cyane cyane ku bagore bafite ingirangingo z'ibere zicucitse cyangwa abafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere.

Ese ni byiza gukora MRI?

Muri rusange, iyo hakurikijwe ingamba zikwiye zo kwirinda , gupima MRI ni igikorwa cyizewe cyane . Nta ngaruka bigira ku muntu usanzwe.

Imbaraga zikomeye za rukuruzi zitangwa n'imashini ya MRI ntabwo ari mbi kuri wewe. Ariko, zishobora gutuma bimwe mu bikoresho by'ubuvuzi byashyizwe mu mubiri wawe bidakora neza cyangwa bigahindura amashusho.

Niba MRI yawe ikoresheje ibikoresho bitandukanya amashusho, ushobora kugira ubwivumbure gake cyane . Ubusanzwe ubwivumbure buragabanuka kandi bushobora kugenzurwa n'imiti. Niba ufite ubwivumbure, abaganga bazagufasha ako kanya.

Abagore batwite ntibahabwa MRIs zifite gadolinium contrast keretse bibaye ngombwa rwose , kuko ingaruka ku mwana uri mu nda zitaramenyekana neza.

Ni nde utaragombaga gupimwa MRI?

Kenshi na kenshi, ni byiza ko abantu bafite implants z'ibyuma bakorerwa MRI. Ariko, hari ubwoko bumwe na bumwe butaba ari bwo . Niba igikoresho ufite kidafite icyemezo cy’uko gitekanye muri MRI, ushobora kutabasha gukora MRI. Ibyo bikoresho birimo:

• Insimburangingo z'icyuma.
• Bimwe mu bikoresho bya cochlear.
• Amwe mu moko y'udupira dukoreshwa mu kuvura indwara z'ubwonko.
• Amwe mu moko y'ibyuma biri mu mitsi y'amaraso.
• Zimwe mu mashini zishaje zo kugabanya umuvuduko w'umutima n'izikoresha umuvuduko w'umutima.
• Ibikoresho bitera imbaraga imitsi yo mu gitsina.

Niba muganga wawe agusabye gupimwa MRI, azabaza amateka y'ubuzima bwawe n'ibikoresho byose by'ubuvuzi ufite imbere cyangwa hanze y'umubiri wawe. Ni ngombwa cyane kuba inyangamugayo kuri ibi byose.

Ni nde ukora MRI?

MRI yawe izakorwa n'inzobere mu by'imirasire cyangwa umuhanga mu by'ikoranabuhanga. Inzobere mu by'imirasire ni umuganga usuzuma kandi agasesengura aya mashusho kugira ngo amenye indwara. Inzobere mu by'ikoranabuhanga mu by'imirasire ni inzobere mu by'ubuzima wahuguwe by'umwihariko kandi wemewe gukora scan za MRI.

Imashini ya MRI ikora ite?

Dore uko imashini ya MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) ikora: Umuriro w'amashanyarazi unyuzwa mu mugozi w'insinga, bigatuma habaho imbaraga za rukuruzi z'igihe gito mu mubiri wawe. Hanyuma icyuma gitanga amakuru/cyakira amakuru muri iyo mashini cyohereza kandi kikakira imiraba ya radiyo. Mudasobwa ikoresha ibyo bimenyetso kugira ngo ikore amashusho y'ahantu hasuzumwa. Ese si ikoranabuhanga ritangaje?

Ni gute nakwitegura mbere yo gukora MRI?

Kubera ko scanner ya MRI ikoresha rukuruzi zikomeye n'imiraba ya radiyo, bimwe mu bintu by'icyuma biri mu mubiri wawe bishobora gushyuha cyangwa kugendagenda. Ibi bishobora guteza ibibazo by'ubuzima n'umutekano. Bishobora kandi gutuma bimwe mu bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga byo kwa muganga biri mu mubiri wawe bidakora neza.

Icy'ingenzi: Niba ufite ibintu by'icyuma cyangwa ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi byashyizwe mu mubiri wawe, ugomba kubimenyesha muganga wawe n'umuhanga mu ikoranabuhanga rya MRI mbere yo kubisuzuma..

Hari uburyo bwo gutera imiti bushobora gusaba gahunda y’inyongera n’amabwiriza yihariye. Hari n’ubundi bushobora kudasaba amabwiriza yihariye, ariko ushobora gukenera gufata X-ray kugira ngo urebe neza aho iyo implant iri mbere yo kuyikora.

Nyamuneka bwira muganga wawe n'inzobere mu ikoranabuhanga rya MRI niba ufite kimwe muri ibi:

• Umutima ukoresha pacemaker cyangwa defibrillator.
• Ibikoresho cyangwa ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki cyangwa byashyizwemo. Urugero: ibikoresho bitera ubwonko kwimbitse, ibikoresho bitera imitsi yo mu nda, ibikoresho bitera imitsi yo mu ruhago, ibikoresho bitera imitsi yo mu mugongo, ibikoresho bitera imitsi yo mu bwonko, n'ibikoresho cyangwa insinga byashyizwemo.
• Insimburangingo z'icyuma.
• Implant ya Cochlear cyangwa izindi implants zo mu matwi.
• Imashini zitera imiti. Urugero, izitera imiti igabanya ububabare cyangwa imiti igabanya ububabare.
• Shunt ishobora gushyirwa muri gahunda.
• Udupira n'imirongo bya Aneurysm.
• Amasenderi atari mu mutima wawe.
• Akayunguruzo, urugero nk'akayunguruzo k'amaraso.
• Uduce tw'icyuma mu mubiri wawe cyangwa mu maso. Urugero, amasasu, uduce tw'icyuma, cyangwa ifu y'imbunda.

Ntushobora kwambara ibi bikoresho mu gihe cyo gupima MRI. Gerageza kwambara mu gihe cyo gupima MRI umunsi wahinduye agakoresho kawe:

• Gupima isukari mu buryo buhoraho (CGM).
• Pompe ya insuline.
• Ibice by'imiti.

Byongeye kandi, bwira muganga wawe ibi bintu:

• " Uratwite ?"
• Ese biragoye kuryama ugaramye iminota 30 kugeza kuri 60?
• Ese ufite ubwoba bw'aho hantu hafunganye (claustrophobia)?

Siga imitako yose n'ibindi bikoresho mu rugo, cyangwa ubikuremo mbere yo gupimwa na MRI. Ibintu by'icyuma n'iby'ikoranabuhanga ntibyemewe mu cyumba cy'isuzuma. Bishobora kwangiza imbaraga za rukuruzi z'imashini ya MRI, bigatwika, cyangwa bikaba "ibisasu byangiza". Ingero zirimo:

• Imitako, amasaha, amakarita ya banki, n'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi - byose bishobora kwangirika.
• Udupira, udupira tw'icyuma, udupira tw'umuringa dupfundikiye, n'udupira tw'icyuma - ibi bishobora guhindura ishusho ya MRI.
• Amenyo y'amenyo ashobora gukurwaho.
• Amakaramu, ibyuma byo mu mufuka n'ibirahuri.
• Gutobora umubiri.
• Terefone zigendanwa, amasaha y'ikoranabuhanga n'ibikoresho byo gukurikirana.

Gupima MRI bifata igihe kingana iki?

Bitewe n'ubwoko bw'ikizamini n'ibikoresho byakoreshejwe, ikizamini cyose gisanzwe kimara iminota iri hagati ya 30 na 50 kugira ngo kirangire.Bizafata igihe. Bitewe n'impamvu yo gupima, muganga wawe ashobora kuguha igihe nyacyo.

Uburambe bumeze bute iyo ukoze MRI?

Inyinshi muri MRI scan nta bubabare zibabaza . Ariko, hari abantu bashobora kugorwa no kuguma bahagaze iminota 30 cyangwa irenga. Abandi bashobora kumva batewe ubwoba no kumva bafungiranye muri MRI. Imashini ishobora gukora urusaku ruto .

Dore bimwe mu bintu bikunze kubaho mu gihe cyo gupima MRI n'ibyo ugomba kwitega:

• Ku bijyanye no gupima MRI, uzagomba kwambara ikanzu yo kwa muganga.
• Mu bizamini byinshi, uzakenera kuryama ureba hejuru ku gitanda cyo gupima MRI.
• Igitanda cyo gupima MRI gishyirwa imbere mu mashini ya MRI.
• Iyo MRI scan itangiye, uzumva urukurikirane rw'amajwi yo gukanda no gukanda cyane uko imashini ifata amashusho. Ibi bishobora gukomeza iminota myinshi. Mbere yuko ikizamini gitangira, uzahabwa utumashini two gupfuka amatwi cyangwa ecouteur zo kurinda amatwi yawe.
• Ni ngombwa cyane kuguma uhagaze cyane mu gihe cy'ikizamini kugira ngo ubone amashusho meza cyane .
• Ni ibisanzwe kumva ubushyuhe bucye mu gice cy'umubiri wawe kirimo gusuzumwa. Niba ibi bikubangamiye, bwira inzobere mu by'imirasire cyangwa umuhanga mu by'ikoranabuhanga.
• Umuhanga mu ikoranabuhanga rya MRI arashobora kukubona igihe cyose kandi akakuvugisha. Hari sisitemu ya intercom y'impande ebyiri mu gihe uri muri scanner. Ufite kandi akabuto ko guhamagara ku ntoki zawe. Niba ufite ikibazo cyangwa impungenge, ushobora kubimenyesha umuhanga mu ikoranabuhanga.

Hari ubwo MRI yawe ishobora gusaba ibikoresho byo gupima imiterere y'umubiri. Niba ari uko bimeze, umuganga azaguha ibikoresho byo gupima imiterere y'umubiri binyuze mu gupima imiyoboro ya IV mbere ya MRI. Ushobora kumva ububabare buturutse ku rushinge rwa IV, ariko ntabwo ari bukabije. Ushobora kandi kugira ibisebe nyuma yaho. Hari abantu bashobora kumva uburyohe bw'icyuma mu kanwa kabo nyuma yo guterwa ibikoresho byo gupima imiterere y'umubiri.

Niba ufite ikibazo cyo gutinya gucika intege (claustrophobia), muganga wawe ashobora kuguha umuti wo kugabanya ububabare cyangwa ikinya kugira ngo bigufashe gutuza mu gihe cyo gupimwa.

Ese hari ingaruka mbi za MRI 'contrast'?

Ni gake cyane , abantu bamwe na bamwe bagiye bakoresha ibikoresho bitandukanya amashusho (contrast material) muri MRI bashobora kugira ingaruka mbi nka:

• Isesemi.
• Umutwe .
• Kubabara aho watewe urushinge.

Ubwivumbure ku bintu bitandukanye, nko kurwara uduheri n'amaso asharira, ni gake cyane . Niba ugize ibimenyetso by'ubwivumbure, bwira umuhanga mu by'ikoranabuhanga. Umukozi wo mu rwego rw'ubuzima azaba ahari kugira ngo agufashe byihutirwa.

Abantu barwaye impyiko bashobora kugira ikibazo kidasanzwe cyitwa nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF), gitera uruhu, ingingo, n'izindi ngingo kubyimba iyo bakoze MRI ifite contrast. Kubwibyo, abantu barwaye impyiko zikomeye bashobora kudashobora gukoresha MRI ikoresheje gadolinium.

Hari ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko nyuma yo gupimwa MRI hamwe n’impinduka, gadolinium nke cyane ishobora kuguma mu ngingo zitandukanye z’umubiri wawe. Nubwo ibi nta ngaruka mbi bizwi bitanga, muganga wawe ashobora gutekereza kuri ubu buryo bwo "gukomeza gadolinium" mu gihe ahitamo umuti ugabanya impinduka.

Ni iki kibaho nyuma yo gupimwa MRI?

Keretse wafashe umuti ugabanya ububabare mu isuzuma rya MRI, ntukeneye igihe cyihariye cyo gukira. Ushobora gutaha ugakora imirimo yawe isanzwe. Ariko, niba wafashe umuti ugabanya ububabare mu isuzuma, uzakenera gukira ingaruka z'uwo muti mbere yo gutaha. Ushobora gukenera umuntu wo kugutwara mu modoka.

Ni ryari nzamenya ibisubizo bya MRI?

Nyuma yo gupima MRI, umuganga w’indwara zo mu maraso azasesengura amashusho. Umuganga w’indwara zo mu maraso azohereza raporo yashyizweho umukono ku muganga wawe, umuganga wawe. Azakubwira ibisubizo. Ushobora gukenera kongera gupimwa (gusuzuma bundi bushya). Niba ari uko bimeze, muganga wawe azagusobanurira impamvu.

Ibuka nk'incamake (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) ni ikizamini cy'ingirakamaro cyane kandi gitekanye muri rusange abaganga bakoresha kubera impamvu zitandukanye. Niba uri gupimwa na MRI kandi ufite impungenge cyangwa ibibazo kuri icyo kizamini, ntutinye kubaza muganga wawe. Barahari kugira ngo bagufashe kandi bagushyigikire.

Wibuke ko MRI atari X-ray. Ikoresha imbaraga zikomeye za rukuruzi n'imirasire ya radiyo. Bityo nta mirasire ibaho. Ariko, niba ufite ibintu by'icyuma mu mubiri wawe, ni ngombwa kubimenyesha muganga wawe .

Noneho, ubutaha numva ibya MRI, ubu urabisobanukiwe neza, sibyo?

MRI , MRI, scan, imaging ya resonance ya magnetic, gusuzuma, ibizamini by'ubuzima, ikoranabuhanga mu buvuzi