Umntwana omusha uyinjabulo enkulu ukuba naye emndenini. Kodwa-ke, njengomama noma ubaba, kuyinto evamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ukhathazekile kancane. Ngisho noma ingane yakho inomkhuhlane, siyakhathazeka. Namuhla sizokhuluma nge-sepsis, isimo esiyingozi esingaba khona ezinsaneni ezisanda kuzalwa, okuyinto embi kakhulu kunokugula okulula. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu, ngoba ukuthatha isinyathelo esisheshayo kungasindisa ingane ngokuphelele.
Kalula nje, iyini i-sepsis?
I-Sepsis yisimo esibi kakhulu esingase senzeke enganeni esanda kuzalwa (engaphansi kwezinsuku ezingu-28 ubudala). Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amasosha omzimba engane eqala ukusabela ngokweqile lapho ukutheleleka kungena emzimbeni wengane. Cabanga nje, okwenzekayo lapha kufana nebutho elivikela izwe lethu, elizolwa nesitha futhi lilimaze izwe lakithi ngengozi.
Lokhu kusabela ngokweqile kungabangela ukuvuvukala emzimbeni wonke wengane . Kungabangela nokuqhekeka kwegazi, kunciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi ezithweni nasezithweni ezinkulu njengobuchopho, inhliziyo nezinso. Lokhu kungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwezitho zomzimba futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nokufa. Yingakho kuyingozi kangaka.
Odokotela bahlukanisa lesi simo ngezigaba ezimbili, kuye ngokuthi umntwana uqala ukukhombisa izimpawu eminyakeni emingaki.
- I-sepsis yosana olusanda kuzalwa: Lesi simo senzeka emahoreni okuqala angu-72 (izinsuku ezi-3) kusukela ekuzalweni.
- I-sepsis yosana olusanda kuzalwa: Lesi simo senzeka ngemva kwezinsuku ezintathu zokuzalwa.
Ubani osengozini enkulu?
Lesi simo singakhula kunoma yimuphi umntwana, kodwa ezinye izingane zisengozini enkulu.
Izingane ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi zisengozini enkulu yokuthola i-sepsis. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amasosha omzimba azo awakakhuli ngokugcwele. Zizalwa ngaphambi kokuba zithole ama-antibodies azivikela ekuthelelekeni, okusho ukuthi azikwazi ukulwa nezifo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingane ezilandelayo nazo zisengozini enkulu:
- Izingane ezizalwa zinesisindo esiphansi.
- Izingane ezine-Apgar scores ephansi zihlolwa ngesikhathi sokuzalwa.
- Izingane zabafana.
- Uma umama enesifo esithile ngesikhathi ekhulelwe.
Ingabe ingane yakho inalezi zimpawu? Qaphela!
Izimpawu eziningi ezibonakala ku-sepsis zingabonakala nakumntwana onezinye izifo ezivamile. Ngakho-ke ungakhathazeki uma unesinye noma ezimbili zalezi zimpawu. Kodwa-ke,Uma unezimpawu eziningana zalezi ngesikhathi esisodwa, noma uma unomuzwa wokuthi ingane yakho ibhekene nesikhathi esinzima kunokujwayelekile, kufanele nakanjani ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
| Isigaba sezimpawu | Okufanele ukunake |
|---|---|
| Ukushisa komzimba kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo | Umkhuhlane ophezulu noma izinga lokushisa lomzimba eliphansi (ukubanda), ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okuhamba kancane. |
| Ukuphefumula | Ukwanda kwesivinini sokuphefumula noma ubunzima bokuphefumula. |
| Ukudla nesisu | Ukuhlanza, ukuqunjelwa, ukuncipha noma ukwenqaba ukuphuza ubisi, kanye nokuqunjelwa (ukuvuvukala). |
| Isikhumba kanye nokubukeka | Izandla nezinyawo ezibandayo, isikhumba esithambile nesikhanyayo, ukuphuzi kwamehlo nesikhumba (i-jaundice). |
| Ukuziphatha | Ukuzizwa ulele kakhulu kunokujwayelekile, ungasebenzi kahle, ukhathele, unesithuthwane (ukuxhuzula). |
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Yiziphi izizathu?
I-Sepsis ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa ivame ukubangelwa ukutheleleka ngamagciwane . Ikakhulukazi, amabhaktheriya anjenge-`(E. coli)`, `(Listeria)` kanye ne-`(Group B streptococcus - GBS)` yizona zimbangela eziyinhloko. Ngezinye izikhathi lesi simo singabangelwa namagciwane, isikhunta kanye nezinambuzane. Isibonelo, igciwane elibizwa ngokuthi `(Herpes Simplex Virus - HSV)` lingabangela nokutheleleka okukhulu ezinganeni.
I-sepsis yokuqala
Kulolu hlobo, umntwana uthola ukutheleleka kunina. Lokhu kungenzeka ngesikhathi umntwana esesesibelethweni noma ngesikhathi sokuzalwa. Ingozi yanda ngezinto ezifana nalezi:
- Amabhaktheriya anjenge-``Group B streptococcus - GBS`` akhona esithweni sangasese sikamama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
- Ingane izalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
- Amanzi ayaphuka amahora angaphezu kwe-18 ngaphambi kokuba umntwana azalwe.
- Ukutheleleka kwe-placenta kanye noketshezi lwe-amniotic. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi `(chorioamnionitis)`.
I-sepsis eqala sekwephuzile
Kulolu hlobo, umntwana utheleleka ngemva kokuzalwa, ngenxa yendawo akuyo. Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu ezinganeni ezichitha isikhathi eside esibhedlela.
- Amagciwane angangena ngama-catheter, ama-IV, noma amanye amadivayisi ezokwelapha.
- Isisindo esiphansi sokuzalwa.
- Uma ufakwe ipayipi lokuphefumula.
- Ukuchitha isikhathi eside esibhedlela ngenxa yesinye isimo sempilo.
Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu?
Uma uyisa ingane yakho kudokotela, izohlola ngokucophelela izimpawu zengane yakho bese ikubuza ngazo. Ngemuva kwalokho, kungenziwa uchungechunge lokuhlolwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ngabe yi-sepsis. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi "ukuhlolwa kwe-sepsis."
| Uhlobo lokuhlola | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlolwa kwegazi | Ukuhlolwa okufana nokubalwa kwegazi okuphelele, ukuhlaziywa kwegazi, kanye neprotheyini esabela ku-C, okubonisa ukutheleleka. |
| Ukuhlolwa komchamo | Ukuhlolwa komchamo kanye nokuhlolwa komchamo kusetshenziswa ukuhlola ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo. |
| Ukubhoboza kwe-Lumbar | Ungakhathazeki uma uzwa lokhu. Inaliti encane isetshenziswa ukuthatha inani elincane loketshezi lomgogodla emgogodleni wengane ukuze kuhlolwe i-meningitis. |
| Ezinye izivivinyo | I-X-ray yesifuba noma i-ultrasound scan. |
Ingabe lokhu kungelapheka? Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?
Yebo, i-sepsis ingelapheka! Kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Kuthiwa ingozi iyanda cishe ngo-7.6% ngehora ngalinye lapho ukwelashwa kubambezeleka khona. Ngakho-ke isivinini yinto ebaluleke kakhulu.
Ngokuvamile, umntwana uzongeniswa egunjini lokunakekela abagula kakhulu esibhedlela (ICU) bese kuqala ukwelashwa.
- Ukunikeza uketshezi ngemithambo yegazi (IV).
- Ukunikeza ama-antibiotic ngemithambo yegazi ukuze kutholakale izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye nemithi yokulwa namagciwane ukuze kutholakale izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane.
- Imithi yokulawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo kanye nomfutho wegazi.
- Uma kudingeka, nikeza umoya-mpilo owengeziwe.
Kwezinye izimo, umntwana angadinga ukumpontshelwa igazi.
Ingabe izinkinga zingaba khona ngemva kokululama ngokuphelele?
Iningi lezinsana ezilulama ngokuphelele ekushayweni yi-sepsis azinazo izinkinga zesikhathi eside, kodwa ezinye izingane zingase zibe nezinkinga zempilo zesikhathi eside.
Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kutheleleka kungasakazekela ezithweni ezizungeze ubuchopho, okubangela isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-meningitis . Uma lokhu kwenzeka,
- Ukukhubazeka kokuzwa
- Ukulibaziseka kokukhula
- Ukukhubazeka kobuchopho
- Izinkinga zesikhathi eside ezifana nokuquleka zingase zibe khona.
Ingabe zikhona izinto esingazenza ukuvimbela lokhu?
Yebo, singasiza ekuvimbeleni lokhu ngezinga elithile.
- Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa: Uma udokotela wakho ethola ukuthi unesifo sofuba (GBS), uzonikezwa ama-antibiotic e-IV emahoreni ambalwa ngaphambi kokuba ingane yakho izalwe. Lokhu kwelashwa kunikezwa futhi uma unomntwana oye waba ne-sepsis ngaphambilini noma uma kukhona ukutheleleka ku-placenta.
- Ngokuvamile: Ukugcina inhlanzeko enhle, ukugeza izandla njalo, nokuhlanza izandla ngaphambi kokuthinta ingane kungasiza ekunciphiseni ingozi yamagciwane avela endaweni engaphandle. Kubalulekile futhi ukugoma ingane yakho ngesikhathi.
Kufanele umntwana ayiswe nini e-ETU ngokushesha okukhulu?
Uma ubona uphawu olulodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu okulandelayo ngemva kokubuya esibhedlela nomntwana wakho, thatha umntwana wakho ngokushesha uye naye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
- Uma umntwana ekhathazekile ngendlela engavamile noma elele kakhulu .
- EyomntwanaUma isikhumba sibanda, siphuzi, noma sishintshe umbala.
- Uma inabukeni lomile isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora ayi-12 futhi kungekho mchamo .
- Uma ingane ingasabeli noma inenkinga yokuphefumula .
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Sepsis ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa iyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha . Ungakuthathi kalula.
- Qaphela izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane noma ukubanda, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuncipha kokuphuza ubisi, kanye nokulala ngokweqile.
- Izingane ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nezinsana ezinesisindo esiphansi zisengozini enkulu.
- Uma unokungabaza okuncane engqondweni yakho, ungalindi ubone udokotela. Uma uqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha, amathuba okusindisa umntwana aba maningi.
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