So woagyina asusuw sɛnea w’akyi berɛmo (a wɔtaa frɛ no w’akyi”) yɛ nwonwa ankasa ho pɛn? Ɛsen nnompe a wɔaboaboa ano ara kwa koraa. Ɛyɛ mfiridwuma nhyehyɛe a ɛyɛ nwonwa na ɛyɛ den yiye a ɛma wo nipadua no nya ahoɔden titiriw, na ɛkame ayɛ sɛ ɛma wutumi gyina, nantew, kotow, twitwa, na woyɛ nea ɛkɔ so pɛpɛɛpɛ. Ɛnnɛ, momma yɛnhwehwɛ wo nipadua mu ɔbran a wɔantoo dwom yi mu.
Dɛn ne Akyi berɛmo ne Dɛn na Ɛyɛ?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, w’akyi berɛmo yɛ nnompe a ɛyɛ den a ɛyɛ adwuma sɛ wo nipadua no mfinimfini mmoa nhyehyɛe —te sɛ ɔdan bi nhyehyɛe adum titiriw no ara pɛ. Ɛka wo ntini ne nnompe nhyehyɛe no afã horow bom, na ɛma wunya ahofadi sɛ wobɛtra ase, agyina hɔ, anantew, akotow, na woakyinkyim wo ho a ɛnyɛ den.
Dwumadi ahorow a ɛho hia a w’akyi berɛmo yɛ ma wo da biara da ni:
- Nhyehyɛe ne ɔkwan a wobɛfa so ayɛ: W’akyi berɛmo ma wo nipadua no nya ne nhyehyɛe a ɛteɛ na ɛma wo nipadua no yɛ nea ɛteɛ.
- Wo gyinabea a wobɛboa: Ɛboa ma wugyina hɔ tẽẽ na wotra ase yiye, na ɛma wo nipadua no kɔ so yɛ nea ɛne ne ho hyia (gyinabea).
- W’akyi berɛmo a wobɛbɔ ho ban: W’akyi berɛmo no sie na ɛbɔ w’akyi berɛmo ho ban—wɔn ntini titiriw a ɛde nkrasɛm fi w’amemene mu kɔ wo nipadua no fã a aka no. Fa no sɛ ɛyɛ ɔkwan a ɛbɔ anyinam ahoɔden nhama a ɛyɛ mmerɛw ho ban.
- Enabling flexibility and movement: Esiane sɛ akyi berɛmo no tumi yɛ mmerɛw a ɛwɔ hɔ nti , wubetumi akotow, akyinkyim, adan, na woakɔ baabiara.
Ɛhe na Akyi berɛmo no Wɔ, na Ɛte Dɛn?
W’akyi berɛmo yɛ nnompe adum a efi wo ti nhwi ase kosi wo akyi berɛmo mu. Efi ase wɔ wo ti nhwi ase pɛɛ na ɛkɔ wo dua dompe (coccyx) a ɛyɛ wo ti nhwi nhyehyɛe no fã no nyinaa.
Sɛ wufi nkyɛn hwɛ akyi berɛmo a ɛte apɔw a, wubehu sɛ ɛwɔ abɔde mu nsensanee abiɛsa a ɛyɛ ‘S’ nsusuwii. Saa curves yi yɛ adwuma sɛ abɔde mu nneɛma a ɛtwetwe ahodwiriw, na ɛbɔ w’akyi berɛmo ho ban fi mpofirim a ɛbɛbɔ wo, adwennwen, ne opira bere a woreyɛ da biara da dwumadi ahorow no ho.
Nnompe ne ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a ɛtoatoa so na ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo no mu. Wɔaboaboa ano fɛfɛɛfɛ te sɛ birikisi wɔ ɔfasu a ɛboa mu, na saa nneɛma yi ma wo nipadua no gyina akwan horow pii so na ɛgyina pintinn.
Dɛn ne W’akyi berɛmo no Afã Titiriw?
Momma yɛnbubu nipadua mu nneɛma a ɛyɛ den yi mu na yɛnhwɛ nneɛma atitiriw a ɛka bom yɛ w’akyi berɛmo no.
- Akyi berɛmo: Nnompe ankorankoro 33 a wɔaboaboa ano a wɔfrɛ no wɔ aduruyɛ mu sɛ akyi berɛmo . Saa nnompe yi bom yɛ akyi berɛmo mu kwan —ɔkwan a ɛbɔ wo ho ban a ɛma w’akyi berɛmo ne ne ntini a ɛyɛ nkorabata no sie na ɛbɔ ho ban . Bere a saa akyi berɛmo yi mu dodow no ara yɛ nea ɛyɛ mmerɛw na ɛma wotumi tu no, nea ɛwɔ ase pɛɛ (te sɛ akyi berɛmo ne akyi berɛmo) no bom na ɛkɔ so gyina hɔ.
- Facet Joints : Eyinom ne nkwaa nketenkete a ɛka w’akyi berɛmo bom. Wɔde ntini a ɛka bom a ɛyɛ torotoro na ɛyɛ hwerɛma a wɔfrɛ no cartilage `( Cartilage )` ahyɛ mu ma, a ɛma akyi berɛmo no tumi hwirew wɔn ho wɔn ho so yiye. Saa nkwaa yi ne nea ɛma wutumi twitwiw wo ho na wodannan bere a ɛma w’akyi berɛmo tumi yɛ nsakrae na egyina pintinn no.
- Intervertebral Disks: Eyinom yɛ ntama a ɛyɛ tratraa, kurukuruwa, te sɛ cushion a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo biara ntam. Esiane sɛ disk biara yɛ adwuma sɛ akyi berɛmo no mu nneɛma a ɛtwetwe ahodwiriw nti, ɛwɔ mfinimfini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a ɛte sɛ gel a wɔfrɛ no nucleus pulposus , a akyi nkaa a ɛyɛ den na ɛyɛ mmerɛw a wɔfrɛ no annulus fibrosus atwa ho ahyia. Saa disk ahorow yi gyina nhyɛso a ɛkɔ so daa ano. Sɛ wɔhyɛ wɔn so dodo a, emu gel no betumi ahwe ase anaasɛ apaapae, na apia ntini a ɛbɛn hɔ no na ɛde sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ sciatica aba .
- Akyi berɛmo ne Ntini: Akyi berɛmo ne ntini titiriw a ɛsen fa akyi berɛmo no mu, na ɛtrɛw fi w’amemene no ase kosi w’akyi ase. Ntini ahorow bɛyɛ 31 a ɛyɛ nkorabata fi akyi berɛmo no mu, na ɛfa ntokuru nketenkete a ɛda akyi berɛmo no ntam a wɔfrɛ no neural foramina mu. Saa ntini ahorow yi yɛ adwuma sɛ nkitahodi nhyehyɛe a ɛfa akwan abien so, na ɛde ntini mu nsɛnkyerɛnne fi w’amemene mu kɔ wo ntini mu na ɛde nkate mu nsɛnkyerɛnne san kɔ w’amemene no mu.
- Ntini a Ɛyɛ Dwo: Ntini yɛ ntini a ɛyɛ den a ɛka w’akyi berɛmo bom na ɛkura w’akyi berɛmo mu. Ntini boa w’akyi berɛmo na ɛma wutumi tu. Ntini ahorow no de saa ntini ahorow yi bata nnompe no ho, na ɛyɛ adwuma sɛ nneɛma a ɛma nnompe no gyina na ama obi apirapira bere a ɔreyɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ no.
Dɛn ne Akyi berɛmo no Mpɔtam Titiriw (Afã)?
Wɔakyekyɛ w’akyi berɛmo mu akyi berɛmo 33 no mu ayɛ no mmeae ahorow anum. Momma yɛnhwɛ afã horow yi, mfi ase fi wo kɔn so na ɛkɔ fam:
Awotwaa mu Akyi berɛmo (Neck) .
Eyi ne w’akyi berɛmo no fã a ɛwɔ soro sen biara, a ɛyɛ akyi berɛmo 7 (a wɔakyerɛw so sɛ C1 kosi C7). W’awotwaa akyi berɛmo no tumi tu kwan kɛse, na ɛma wutumi dannan wo ho, dannan wo ti, na wobɔ wo ti. Ɛyɛ awosu mu sɛ ɛkɔ mu kakra, na ɛyɛ nsusuwii bi a wɔfrɛ no lordotic curve.
Thoracic Spine (Akyi Mfinimfini) .
Ɛwɔ wo koko so, na w’akyi mfinimfini no yɛ akyi berɛmo 12 (a wɔakyerɛw so sɛ T1 kosi T12). Wo mpampam no bata akyi berɛmo no fã yi ho. Ɛbɔ kɔ abɔnten kakra, na ɛyɛ kyphotic curve.
Lumbar Spine (Akyi Akyi) .
Eyi ne w’akyi ase, a akyi berɛmo akɛse 5 (a wɔakyerɛw so sɛ L1 kosi L5) na ɛwom. W’akyi berɛmo no soa wo nipadua a ɛwɔ soro no mu duru dodow no ara na ɛne wo akyi berɛmo no di nkitaho. Esiane sɛ ɛsoa honam fam adesoa no mu adesoa bere a woma nneɛma so anaa wosoa nti, ɛtaa ba adwennwen kɛse mu. Te sɛ kɔn no, ɛkɔ mu wɔ lordotic curve mu.
Sacrum no na ɛyɛ
Eyi yɛ dompe a ɛte sɛ ahinanan a ɛka w’asen nnompe ho. Ɛyɛ akyi berɛmo 5 (S1 kosi S5) a ɛka bom bere a ɛrenyin no, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛnkeka ne ho. Sacrum ne hip nnompe no bom yɛ nkaa a ɛyɛ den a wɔfrɛ no pelvic girdle.
Coccyx (Dum dompe) no .
Dompe ketewa yi a ɛwɔ w’akyi berɛmo no ase pɛɛ no, wɔde akyi berɛmo nketenkete anan a wɔaka abom na ɛyɛ. Wɔtaa frɛ no dua dompe, na ɛyɛ beae a ɛbata akyi berɛmo mu ntini ne ntini ahorow ho.
Akyi berɛmo mu Tebea Ahorow a Ɛtaa Ba a Ɛsɛ sɛ Wuhu Ho Asɛm
Esiane sɛ w’akyi berɛmo yɛ adwumaden da biara nti, ɛyɛ mmerɛw kɛse sɛ ɛbɛsɛe, atetew, na apira. Tebea horow a ɛtaa ka akyi berɛmo akwahosan no bi ne:
- Akyi berɛmo mu ntini mu yare (Arthritis) ne nyarewa a ɛka ho a ɛma obi ho hyehye no (sɛ nhwɛso no, Ankylosing spondylitis ) .
- Akyi a ɛyɛ den ne nea ɛyɛ mmerɛw
- Tebea horow a wonya fi awo mu te sɛ Spina bifida
- Nnompe mu ntini (Bone spurs) .
- Akyi berɛmo mu a ɛyɛ kurukuruwa (te sɛ Scoliosis ne Kyphosis ) .
- Disk ahorow a ɛhwe ase anaasɛ Herniated
Tebea afoforo bi ne:
- Ntini mu ntini mu nyarewa, te sɛ Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) .
- Ntini mu nyarewa, a Spinal stenosis (akyi berɛmo mu kwan a ɛyɛ teateaa), Sciatica , ne Pinched nerves ka ho
- Nnompe a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, a wɔfrɛ no Osteoporosis
- Akyi berɛmo mu opira, Akyi berɛmo a ɛpaapae , ne Paralysis
- Akyi berɛmo mu akisikuru ne kokoram
- Akyi berɛmo mu nyarewa, te sɛ Meningitis ne Osteomyelitis (nnompe mu yare) .
Dɛn ne Nsɛnkyerɛnne a Ɛtaa Ba a Ɛfa Akyi berɛmo mu Ɔhaw Ho?
Akyi berɛmo mu asɛm bi ho sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛda nsow sen biara ne akyi anaa kɔn mu yaw. Nokwarem no, akontaabu kyerɛ sɛ ɛkame ayɛ sɛ nnipa 80% benya akyi yaw wɔ wɔn asetra mu bere bi.
Nsɛnkyerɛnne afoforo bi ne:
- Ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw ne nea ɛyɛ den
- Ɔdwensɔtwaa anaa akisikuru a ɛyera (incontinence) .
- Wo nsa anaa wo nan a wobɛyɛ mmerɛw, wo ho ayɛ wo yaw, anaasɛ wo ho ayɛ wo yaw
- Nnipa a wɔabubu
Ɔkwan Bɛn so na Wohu Akyi berɛmo mu Tebea?
Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ na woahu sɛnea w’akyi berɛmo no te yiye no, wo duruyɛfo betumi akamfo nhwehwɛmu a edidi so yi mu biako anaa nea ɛboro saa akyerɛ sɛ wobɛyɛ no:
- Mfonini a wɔde yɛ nhwehwɛmu: X-ray , CT scan , ne MRI
- Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu
- Electromyography (EMG) (sɔhwɛ a wɔde susuw ntini ne ntini ahorow dwumadi) .
- Nnompe mu duru ho nhwehwɛmu (DEXA / DXA scan) .
- Nsuo a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu nhwehwɛmu (Akyi berɛmo mu tap / Lumbar puncture) .
Ɔkwan Bɛn so na Wɔsa Akyi berɛmo mu Tebea?
Ɛsono ayaresa nhyehyɛe ahorow a egyina wo tebea pɔtee no so. Nanso, akwan horow a wɔtaa fa so sa akyi berɛmo mu nyarewa no bi ne:
- Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ, a Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ , Acupuncture , Massage ayaresa , ne Chiropractic nsakrae ka ho
- Nnuru (te sɛ Anti-inflammatorys a ɛtew swelling ne Muscle relaxants ) .
- Nnuru a wɔde sa yare (te sɛ Epidural steroid a wɔde twitwiw ne Nnerve blocks ) .
- Oprehyɛn akwan (te sɛ Discectomy a wɔde yi disk a asɛe, Foraminotomy a wɔde trɛw ntini a ɛbue mu, anaasɛ Spinal fusion a wɔde bɛka akyi berɛmo abom daa) .
Wobɛyɛ Dɛn Atumi Ama W’akyi berɛmo Anya Akwahosan?
Core ne akyi ntini a ɛyɛ den a wobɛhyehyɛ no ne wo ahobammɔ a eye sen biara a wode bɛbɔ wo ho ban afi akyi berɛmo mu opira ne ɛyaw a enni sabea ho. Fa yɛ wo botae sɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no, wobɛyɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a wode trɛw wo ho na wode hyɛ wo den mprenu dapɛn biara. Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ te sɛ mpuran hyɛ wo ntini (yafunu, oblique, ne akyi ntini) den, na ɛma wo akyi berɛmo no gyina nhyehyɛe mu yiye.
Nneɛma afoforo a wubetumi de abɔ wo ho ban ne:
- Fa wo nan so, na ɛnyɛ w’akyi: Bere nyinaa kotow wo nkotodwe na ma w’akyi nkɔ tẽẽ bere a worema nneɛma a emu yɛ duru so no.
- Kura wo nipadua mu duru a ɛfata mu: Mu duru a ɛboro so de nhyɛso a ɛho nhia ba w’akyi ase.
- Fa gyinabea pa di dwuma: Tena ase tẽẽ, kwati sɛ wobɛda fam, na hyehyɛ w’adwumayɛbea wɔ ɔkwan a ɛfata so.
Wo ne w’akwahosan ho ɔyaresafo nkasa mfa akwan a ɛfata a wobɛfa so ama w’akyi berɛmo ne wo nnompe ayɛ den na ayɛ apɔwmuden ho.
Bere Bɛn na Ɛsɛ sɛ Wokɔ Oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?
Ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ ayaresabea ntɛm ara sɛ wuhu kɔkɔbɔ nsɛnkyerɛnne a edidi so yi mu biara a:
- Akyi yaw a atiridii ka ho.
- Ɛyɛ den mpofirim sɛ wubedi wo akisikuru anaa wo dwensɔtwaa so.
- Wo nan a ɛyɛ mmerɛw nkakrankakra anaa ɛyaw a efi w’akyi kɔ wo nan ase.
- Numbness anaa "pins and needles" atenka bi wɔ wo nsa anaa wo nan mu.
- Ɛyaw a ɛkɔ so yɛ den bere tenten, ɛma wo ho yɛ wo yaw, ɛhaw wo nna, anaasɛ ɛka wo da biara da dwumadi ahorow kɛse.
Hyɛ no nsow a ɛho hia: Mmu akyi yaw a emu yɛ den anaasɛ ɛkɔ so daa sɛ “ɛyaw a ɛfata ara kwa” da. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ebetumi ayɛ aduruyɛ mu tebea bi a emu yɛ den a ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wɔhwɛ no ntɛm ara no ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Oduruyɛfo bi a wobɛkɔ akɔbisa no ne adeyɛ a ahobammɔ wom sen biara bere nyinaa.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
W’akyi berɛmo yɛ abɔde mu anwonwade a ɛyɛ nwonwa na ɛyɛ fɛ, na ɛka nnompe, cushioning disks, ntini a ɛte nka, nkwaa, ntini ahorow, ne ntini ahorow bom. Esiane sɛ ɛyɛ den yiye nti, ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ ɛbɛhyɛ, ntini mu yare, ntini a ɛtwetwe, ne ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw. Sɛ wɔansiw akyi berɛmo mu yaw ano a, ebetumi asiw w’ahofadi ano, na asiw wo kwan sɛ wobɛyɛ nneɛma a w’ani gye ho no.
Yɛsrɛ sɛ hwɛ w’akyi berɛmo so yiye. Kura gyinabea pa mu, ma nnesoa a emu yɛ duru so dwoodwoo, na fa apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a wode w’ani asi so no yɛ nnam. Sɛ wote ɛyaw anaa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛyɛ soronko da a, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu. Wo duruyɛfo anaa apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ ho ɔyaresafo betumi aboa wo ma woanya ahotɔ, akyerɛ wo kwan wɔ ntini a ɛboa w’akyi berɛmo no a wobɛhyɛ mu den, na asiw daakye opira ano. Kae sɛ akyi berɛmo a ɛwɔ apɔwmuden ne asetra a ahoɔden wom na ɛyɛ nnam akyi dompe!
Nsɛmfua titiriw: Akyi berɛmo, akyi akwahosan, akyi yaw, akyi berɛmo, akyi berɛmo, ntini, nnompe, akyi berɛmo ntam disk
