Sɔhwɛ titiriw bi a wode behu wo koma akwahosan: Biribiara a ɛfa Nuklea Koma Adwennwen Sɔhwɛ no ho!

Ɛtɔ da bi a, sɛ yɛwɔ ɔhaw nketenkete wɔ yɛn koma mu, anaa sɛ yesusuw sɛ komayare bi wɔ yɛn mu a, nnuruyɛfo ka kyerɛ yɛn sɛ yɛnyɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow. Wiɛ, wɔfrɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛho hia yi a ɛhwɛ koma no akwahosan mu kɔ akyiri, titiriw ɔkwan a wɔfa so de mogya no kɔ koma no mu no, nuklea koma mu adwennwen sɔhwɛ. Ebia woate din yi, anaasɛ ebia wo duruyɛfo no aka akyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ nhwehwɛmu yi. Enti, momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm tiawa na emu nna hɔ nnɛ, ɛyɛ?

Dɛn ne Nuklea Koma mu Adwennwen Sɔhwɛ yi?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, eyi yɛ sɔhwɛ titiriw bi a ɛboa ma wohu komayare. Nea ɛkɔ so wɔ ha ne sɛ oduruyɛfo anaa mfiridwuma ho nimdefo bi a wɔatete no de radioactive nneɛma kakraa bi (tracer anaa radiopharmaceutical) gu wo nipadua mu, kyerɛ sɛ, ɛkɔ mogya ntini bi mu. Mma ɛnhaw wo, eyi yɛ kakraa bi pɛ, na asiane biara nni ho. Saa ade yi fa wo mogya ntini mu na ɛkɔ koma ntini ne mogya ntini mu. Afei, sɛ wɔde mfoninitwa afiri soronko bi hwɛ a, ɔkwan a mogya fa so kɔ koma no mu, ne koma no afã horow no da adi pefee. Eyi te sɛ nea wode kanea a wɔde tow tow hwehwɛ biribi wɔ sum mu.

Wɔde din afoforo frɛ nhwehwɛmu yi, na ebia wo duruyɛfo no aka din ahorow yi mu biako:

• Koma mu PET (Positron Emission Tomography) a wɔde yɛ nhwehwɛmu.
• Koma mu SPECT (Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography) a wɔde susuw nneɛma ho.
• Myocardial Perfusion Mfonini a Wɔde Yɛ (MPI).
• Nuklea adwennwen ho sɔhwɛ.

Mma wo ho nnyɛ wo hu bere a wote saa din ahorow yi, eyinom nyinaa yɛ din ahorow a wɔde frɛ sɔhwɛ koro no ara.

Nuklea koma mu adwennwen ho sɔhwɛ ahorow bɛn na ɛwɔ hɔ?

Akwan titiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ a wɔfa so yɛ sɔhwɛ yi, biako ne "adwennwen" sɔhwɛ, a ɛfa nhyɛso pɔtee bi a wɔde bɛto koma no so.

1. Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ adwennwen sɔhwɛ: Wɔ sɔhwɛ yi mu no, wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ teɛteɛ w’apɔw mu wɔ treadmill anaa sakre a egyina hɔ so. Ma ahoɔhare no nkɔ soro nkakrankakra kosi sɛ wo koma bɔ bedu baabi pɔtee bi. Eyi ma mogya a ɛkɔ koma no mu no yɛ kɛse.

2. Pharmacologic stress test: Fa no sɛ ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛteɛteɛ w’apɔw mu esiane nkwaa mu haw bi anaasɛ biribi foforo nti. Wɔde saa kwan yi di dwuma ma nnipa a wɔte saa. Nea ɛkɔ so wɔ ha ne sɛ wɔde aduru bi gu ntini bi a ɛwɔ wo nsa mu mu. Saa aduru yi ma mogya a ɛkɔ koma no mu no yɛ kɛse, te sɛ bere a woteɛteɛ w’apɔw mu no ara pɛ, kyerɛ sɛ, ɛkanyan koma no.

Bio nso, mfiridwuma a wɔde twa mfonini ahorow no nso kyerɛ sɛ ɛyɛ ``(PET)`` scan anaasɛ ``(SPECT)`` scan. Ɛno yɛ biribi a nnuruyɛfo si ho gyinae.

Dɛn na wobetumi ahu wɔ nuklea koma mu adwennwen sɔhwɛ yi mu?

Wɔtaa yɛ nhwehwɛmu yi de hu ahurututu mu ntini mu yare (CAD).Hwɛ sɛ ɛyɛ anaa na hwɛ so. Wunim nea ``(CAD)`` yɛ? Ɛkyerɛ sɛ ntini a ɛde mogya kɔ koma no mu (coronary arteries) no siw srade a ɛwɔ hɔ no ano. Ɛte sɛ efĩ a akɔhyɛ nsu paipu mu na ɛtew nsu a ɛsen no so.

Saa sɔhwɛ yi betumi ada nneɛma pii adi:

• So wo koma ntini reyɛ adwuma yiye, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛrebɔ yiye ?
• So mmeae bi wɔ hɔ a mogya a ɛkɔ koma no mu no so tew ?
• Hwehwɛ beae pɔtee a ntini a asiw no wɔ .
• So biribi te sɛ komayare a atwam no asɛe koma no ?

Afei nso, nnipa a wɔwɔ tebea horow a edidi so yi betumi ayɛ sɔhwɛ yi:

• Ahurututu mu yare a emu yɛ den.
• Nsakrae a ɛba koma no anyinam ahoɔden dwumadi mu a wɔfrɛ no bundle branch block.
• Koma a ɛyɛ den (koma a entumi nyɛ adwuma yiye).
• Komayare afoforo a wɔagye atom anaasɛ wosusuw sɛ ɛwɔ hɔ.
• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den.

Hena na ɔreyɛ sɔhwɛ yi?

Mpɛn pii no, komayare ho animdefo kamfo nhwehwɛmu yi kyerɛ. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔn ankasa yɛ, anaasɛ wɔma radiology mfiridwumayɛfo bi yɛ. Wɔn nyinaa wɔ ntetee titiriw ma eyi.

Nsonsonoe bɛn na ɛda adwennwen sɔhwɛ a ɛyɛ daa ne nuklea adwennwen sɔhwɛ ntam?

Ebia woate apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ ho adwennwen ho sɔhwɛ a wɔyɛ no daa ho asɛm. Nsɛdi bi wɔ ɛno ne nuklea adwennwen sɔhwɛ yi mu. Wɔn baanu nyinaa de electrocardiogram (EKG) di dwuma de hwɛ sɛnea wo koma no anyinam ahoɔden yɛ adwuma. Na wɔn baanu nyinaa hwɛ sɛnea wo koma yɛ n’ade bere a ɛwɔ adwennwen mu no.

Nanso, nuklea nhyɛso sɔhwɛ no yɛ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ akyiri sen saa. Ebetumi de nsɛm a ɛkɔ akyiri pii ama.

Wɔ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ mu adwennwen ho sɔhwɛ a wɔtaa yɛ mu no, wɔde electrocardiogram (EKG) hwɛ wo koma so bere a woagye w’ahome ne bere a woreyɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ nkutoo.

Nanso, wɔ nuklea adwennwen sɔhwɛ mu no, wɔde radioactive ade ``(tracer)`` a madi kan aka ho asɛm no gu nipadua no mu, na mfoninitwa afiri titiriw bi twa koma no mfonini ansa na wɔateɛteɛ apɔw mu ne bere a wɔateɛteɛ apɔw akyi. Eyi ma yehu sɛnea mogya fa koma no mu no pefee.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na ɛsɛ sɛ misiesie me ho ma sɔhwɛ yi?

Wo duruyɛfo bɛma wo akwankyerɛ a emu da hɔ a ɛfa sɛnea wubesiesie wo ho ama nhwehwɛmu yi ho. Ɛho hia paa sɛ wudi wɔn akyi pɛpɛɛpɛ na ama woanya nea eye sen biara. Wɔtaa ka nsɛm te sɛ eyi:

• Kwati nnuan ne anonne a caffeine wom (s.e. kɔfe, tii, anonne a ɛyɛ dɛ bi, chocolate) ne nnuru nnɔnhwerew 24 ansa na woayɛ nhwehwɛmu.
• Sɛ ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛhome a, fa nneɛma te sɛ wo inhaler bra.
• Nnom sigaret ansa na woayɛ sɔhwɛ no.
• Di mmuada nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi ansa na woayɛ sɔhwɛ (nsu nkutoo na wubetumi anom).
• Ka nnuru a wonom nyinaa ho asɛm kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo (wɔakyerɛw ama wo, nea wɔtɔn wɔ aduruyɛdan mu, nnuru a mmara mma ho kwan, aduannuru a wɔde ma).
• Hyɛ ntade a ɛyɛ fɛ a ɛnyɛ den ne sneakers.

Nea ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ gyae nnuru bi nom anaasɛ sesa dodow a wode ma ansa na woayɛ nhwehwɛmu no. Nanso, nnyae nnuru biara a worenom no anaasɛ ɛnsesa da a wunnya wo duruyɛfo afotu.

Dɛn na ɛba bere a wɔreyɛ sɔhwɛ no? Osuahu bɛn na menya?

Mpɛn pii no, mfiridwumayɛfo anaa oduruyɛfo a wɔatete no titiriw na ɔyɛ sɔhwɛ yi wɔ ayaresabea anaa ayaresabea. Nea ɛtaa ba ni:

1. Nea edi kan no, wɔde ade ketewaa bi hyɛ ntini bi a ɛwɔ wo nsa mu mu na wɔde IV nhama hyɛ mu. Eyi ne baabi a wɔde radioactive tracer no gu wo nipadua mu. Ebia wobɛte awɔw kakra nka bere a ɛhyɛn wo nipadua mu no.

2. Afei, ɛsɛ sɛ wotwɛn simma kakraa bi ansa na ade no afa nipadua no mu nyinaa na akɔ koma no mu.

3. Afei, wɔde nneɛma nketenkete a wɔfrɛ no electrodes bɛbata wo moma so, wo nsa, ne wo nan ho. Ɛtɔ da bi a, ebia ɛho behia sɛ wotwitwa nhwi a ɛwɔ saa beae no bi na aboa ma nsensanee no abata ho yiye.

4. Wɔde saa electrode ahorow yi abɔ ``(EKG)`` afiri bi ho, a ɛkɔ so susuw wo koma no anyinam ahoɔden dwumadi.

5. Wɔde mogya mmoroso cuff bɛhwɛ wo mogya mmoroso daa.

6. Afei, wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ da pon bi so dinn. Mfoninitwa afiri titiriw bi bɛtwe wo koma mfonini. Eyinom ne "home" mfonini ahorow no.

7. Nea edi hɔ ne "adwennwen" fã no. Wɔka kyerɛ wo sɛ teɛteɛ w’apɔw mu wɔ treadmill anaa sakre so. Fi ase nkakrankakra mfiase no na nkakrankakra ma ahoɔhare/ahoɔden no nkɔ soro.

8. Wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ teɛteɛ w’apɔw mu kosi sɛ wo koma bɔ bedu baabi a wo duruyɛfo hwɛ kwan, anaasɛ kosi sɛ wubenya sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛnyɛ dɛ (e.g. wo koko mu yaw, ɔbrɛ kɛse). Nanso, sɛ wuntumi nyɛ saa a, wubetumi agyae sɔhwɛ no bere biara.

9. Bere a woreyɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ anaasɛ bere a woadu wo sorosoro akyi no, wɔde radioactive substance `(tracer)` no kakraa bi bɛhyɛ wo mu bio.

10. Afei, bio, metena pon no ho na metwa mfonini a ɛto so abien (adwennwen mfonini).

Na sɛ mintumi teɛteɛ m’apɔw mu nso ɛ?

Nha wo ho. Madi kan aka sɛ, ɛyɛ den ma nnipa binom sɛ wɔbɛteɛteɛ wɔn apɔw mu. Wɔ obi a ɔte saa fam no, oduruyɛfo no de aduru bi bɛhyɛ wo nsa mu ntini bi mu. Saa aduru yi yɛ adwuma denam koma no a ɛkanyan no na ɛma mogya no kɔ soro te sɛ bere a woteɛteɛ w’apɔw mu no ara pɛ. Enti, saa aduru yi betumi ama tebea a ɛte saa ara aba koma no mu a ɔnyɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ.

Bere tenten ahe na saa nuklea adwennwen sɔhwɛ yi gye?

Mpɛn pii no, sɔhwɛ no nyinaa betumi agye bɛyɛ nnɔnhwerew abiɛsa kosi anan , efisɛ egye bere ansa na radioactive nneɛma no akɔ nipadua no mu, ne bere nso na wɔde atwa mfonini na wɔayɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ no.

Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ meyɛ na mekwati wɔ sɔhwɛ no akyi?

Sɛ wowie nhwehwɛmu no a, wo duruyɛfo no bɛma wo akwankyerɛ. Mpɛn pii no, wubetumi akɔ so ayɛ nneɛma a wotaa yɛ no.

Nanso, wɔka kyerɛ wo sɛ nom nsu pii na aboa ma radioactive nneɛma a wɔde guu wo nipadua mu no afi wo nipadua mu ntɛm.

Ebia nnipa binom bɛbrɛ kakra, wɔn adwene atu afra, anaasɛ wɔn ti ayɛ wɔn yaw wɔ sɔhwɛ no akyi. Eyi bɛbrɛ ase bere tiaa bi akyi, bere a wɔagye wɔn ahome no.

Asiane bɛn na ɛwɔ nuklea nhyɛso sɔhwɛ yi mu?

Mpɛn pii no, saa sɔhwɛ ahorow yi yɛ nea ahobammɔ wom kɛse. Nanso, ɛntaa mma koraa sɛ nnipa 5,000 biara mu bɛyɛ 1 betumi anya ɔhaw ketewaa bi. Nhwɛsoɔ:

• Koma a ɛbɔ a ɛnteɛ (Arrhythmia).
• Koko mu yaw.
• Komayare (myocardial infarction) (eyi ntaa nsi koraa).
• Mogya mmoroso a ɛba fam (hypotension).

Esiane sɛ wɔde ade bi a ɛma anyinam ahoɔden di dwuma wɔ sɔhwɛ yi mu nti, mframa kakraa bi pɛ na ɛba wo mu. Ɛwom sɛ yɛate sɛ mframa a ano yɛ den betumi ama obi anya kokoram de, nanso ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wɔde mframa a ano yɛ den pii di dwuma, mpɛn pii no bere tenten. Dodow a wɔde da wɔn ho adi wɔ sɔhwɛ yi mu no sua koraa.

Nea ɛho hia: Wɔnkamfo nuklea adwennwen sɔhwɛ yi nkyerɛ nnipa a wɔwɔ ayaresa tebea horow bi a emu yɛ den anaasɛ wontumi nni so. Nhwɛsoɔ:

* Koko mu yaw a emu yɛ den (Angina).

* Aortic a wɔpaapae mu.

* Aorta no a ɛyɛ teateaa (Aortic stenosis).

* Koma mu nnyigyei a wontumi nni so `(Arrhythmia)`.

* Koma a ɛyɛ den a ɛyɛ mmerɛw.

* Koma mu yare.

* Pulmonary embolism (mogya a ɛtɔ wɔ ahurututu mu).

* Ahurututu mu mogya mmoroso.

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Sɛ wowɔ saa tebea yi a, ɛsɛ sɛ wudi kan ka ho asɛm kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo.

Bere bɛn na mehu me sɔhwɛ mu aba?

Ebetumi agye nna pii ansa na woanya nea efi nuklea adwennwen ho sɔhwɛ mu aba, efisɛ komayare ho oduruyɛfo anaa mframa ho oduruyɛfo hwɛ mfonini ahorow no mu na ɔhwehwɛ mu ansa na ɔde amanneɛbɔ no ama.

Awiei koraa no, nea ɛsɛ sɛ wokae (Take-Home Message) .

Enti, afei ebia woate nea Nuklea Koma Adwennwen Sɔhwɛ yi yɛ ase. Eyi yɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛho hia yiye ankasa a ɛboa ma wohu tebea horow te sɛ ahrawa mu ntini mu yare, titiriw komayare na wɔhwɛ so.

Sɛ oduruyɛfo bi ka kyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ nhwehwɛmu yi a, biribiara nni hɔ a enti ɛsɛ sɛ wusuro anaa wohaw wo ho.Bisa wo duruyɛfo nsɛm anaa nsɛm biara a ɛhaw wo. Sɛ wusiesie wo ho yiye ansa na wɔayɛ sɔhwɛ no na woadi akwankyerɛ ahorow no akyi a, wubetumi anya wo koma tebea no ho mfonini pefee na woanya ayaresa a ɛho hia. Wo koma a wobɛhwɛ so yiye no fata!

` Komayare, nuklea adwennwen sɔhwɛ, koma mu nhwehwɛmu, nneɛma a ɛma anyinam ahoɔden, ahrawa mu ntini mu yare, apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ sɔhwɛ, koma akwahosan