Dɛn na ɛkɔ so wɔ w’ahurututu mu? Momma yɛnka ahurututu mu nhwehwɛmu ho asɛm!

So ɛtɔ mmere bi a wofefe bere nyinaa, ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhome, anaa mogya kakra wɔ wo srade mu bere a wofefe no? Wɔ bere a ɛte saa mu no, sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn a, sɛ ɔka kyerɛ wo sɛ "yɛ bronchoscopy" a, wubetumi ate ehu nka kakra, ɛnte saa? Enti, dɛn ne saa ahurututu mu nhwehwɛmu yi? Dɛn nti na wɔyɛ? Sɛ wɔyɛ no a, ɛyɛ yaw? Ɛnnɛ, yɛbɛka nsɛmmisa pii a ɛwɔ w’adwene mu no ho mmuae ho asɛm wɔ asɛm yi mu. Biribiara nni hɔ a enti ɛsɛ sɛ yesuro, eyi nyɛ den sɛnea nnipa dodow no ara susuw no.

Dɛn ne ahurututu mu nhwehwɛmu wɔ nsɛm a ɛnyɛ den mu?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ahurututu mu nhwehwɛmu yɛ adeyɛ a wɔde afiri teateaa bi a mfoninitwa afiri ketewaa bi wom (ahurututu mu nhwehwɛmu) kɔ wo mframa afiri (ahurututu) ne w’ahurututu mu. Ɛte sɛ endoscopy, a ɛhwɛ wo yafunu mu, nanso eyi yɛ ma w’ahurututu. Mfoninitwa afiri ne kanea a ɛwɔ saa afiri yi awiei no ma oduruyɛfo no hu wo mframa kwan no mu yiye. Eyi betumi aboa ma wɔahu ahurututu mu tebea horow bi, asusuw ho, na ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔasa.

Te sɛ bere a nsu paipu bi a ɛwɔ yɛn fie siw no, yɛde waya ketewaa bi hyɛ mu na yɛhwɛ. Nnuruyɛfo de saa afiri yi di dwuma de hwɛ nea ɛrekɔ so wɔ ahurututu no mu.

Nsu a wɔde hwɛ ahurututu mu ntini ahorow abien na ɛwɔ hɔ:

• Flexible Bronchoscope: Eyi ne nea wɔtaa de di dwuma. Ɛyɛ nea ɛyɛ mmerɛw, te sɛ rɔba afiri, enti ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobetumi de akɔ mframa kwan no mu. Wɔde ma mframa kwan no bue, fa ntini mu nhwɛsode (biopsy), na wɔtwe nneɛma te sɛ nsu a ɛyɛ nwini fi mu.
• Rigid Bronchoscope: Eyi yɛ afiri a ɛyɛ den na ɛyɛ den. Wɔde di dwuma bere a mframa kwan no asiw kɛse, anaasɛ wɔde yɛ nneɛma a ɛyɛ den te sɛ stent a wɔde besisi hɔ, akisikuru a wɔde sa, anaasɛ mogya a wobegyae no.

Dɛn na ahurututu mu nhwehwɛmu hu?

Nneɛma pii nti na oduruyɛfo betumi aka akyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ nhwehwɛmu yi. Momma yɛnhwɛ nea wɔyɛ:

• Hu ahurututu mu yare: Hwehwɛ nea ɛde wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no ba, te sɛ ɔfe a ɛkɔ so, mogya a wobɛfe, ne ahome a ɛyɛ den.
• Wɔ X-ray anaa CT scan akyi: Wɔyɛ eyi de hwehwɛ mu kɔ akyiri sɛ ebia wohu biribi a ɛyɛ soronko wɔ wo X-ray anaa CT scan no so, te sɛ kokoram ho sɛnkyerɛnne.
• Mframa kwan a ɛsiw: Hwɛ sɛ mframa kwan no mu asiw ne teateaa na yi anaa sa.
• Hu ɔyare mmoawa anaa ɔfe: Hwehwɛ nea ɛde ɔyare mmoawa anaa ɔfe tebea horow ba ahurututu mu pɛpɛɛpɛ.
• Fa nhwɛsode: Fa nsu anaa ntini (biopsy) nhwɛsode na fa kɔma wɔnkɔyɛ lab nhwehwɛmu. Eyi bɛboa ma wɔahu nea yare no yɛ ankasa.
• Fa stent hyɛ mu: Ɛtɔ da bi a, wɔde saa kwan yi di dwuma de tube ketewaa bi (stent) hyɛ mu na ama mframa kwan no abue sɛ ɛyɛ teateaa a.

Wo de susuw ho hwɛ, yɛn maame nuabea Kamala ɔfe no ano brɛɛ ase asram pii. Ɔfefe mogya kakra mpo. Bere a ɔyɛɛ X-ray no, na baabi ketewaa bi wɔ n’ahurututu so. Afei oduruyɛfo no kae sɛ yɛnyɛ bronchoscopy, ɛno na yebetumi ahu nea ɛnteɛ ankasa.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na ɛsɛ sɛ misiesie me ho ma eyi?

Wo duruyɛfo anaa ɔyarehwɛfo bɛma wo akwankyerɛ pɔtee a ɛfa sɛnea wusiesie wo ho ansa na woayɛ nhwehwɛmu yi ho. Nanso mpɛn pii no, nneɛma bi a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ni:

• Mmuadadi: Ɛyɛ papa sɛ worenwe anaa worennom biribiara nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi ansa na wɔayɛ sɔhwɛ no, mpɛn pii no bɛyɛ nnɔnhwerew 6 kosi 8.
• Nnuru bi a wubegyae: Ebia wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ gyae nnuru bi te sɛ nnuru a ɛma mogya yɛ mmerɛw (sɛ nhwɛso no, aspirin, warfarin), anaa asikreyare nnuru nom nna kakraa bi. Ɛho hia sɛ woka nnuru, vitamin, ne nhabannuru a wonom nyinaa kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo.
• Obi a ɔbɛka wo akɔ fie: Wɔbɛma wo aduru a ɛma wo ho dwo wo na ama woada wɔ sɔhwɛ yi mu, enti worentumi nka kar wɔ sɔhwɛ no akyi. Enti, ebehia sɛ wode obi bɛka kar de wo akɔ fie.

So ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ me CT scan ansa na wɔayɛ me ahurututu mu nhwehwɛmu?

Gye sɛ ɛyɛ ntɛmpɛ, wo duruyɛfo bɛtaa ahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ w’ahurututu mu CT scan (Computed Tomography scan) ansa na wɔayɛ wo ahurututu mu nhwehwɛmu. CT scan betumi aboa wo duruyɛfo ma wahu sɛ ɛho hia sɛ wɔyɛ ahurututu mu nhwehwɛmu, anaasɛ mmeae bi wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhwehwɛ mu anaa.

Dɛn na ɛba bere a wɔreyɛ ahurututu mu nhwehwɛmu no?

Mpɛn pii no, ahurututu ho oduruyɛfo na ɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi wɔ ayaresabea anaa oprehyɛn dan mu. Mpɛn pii no, wɔyɛ no wɔ ayarefo a wɔda ayaresabea akyi. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wubetumi akɔ fie da koro no ara wɔ sɔhwɛ no akyi.

Wɔbɛma wo nnuru a ɛbɛma woada na wo ho atɔ wo. Sɛ wɔreyɛ wo ahurututu mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛyɛ den anaasɛ wɔreyɛ wo nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu a, wobetumi ama wo aduru a wɔde kum nipadua no nyinaa. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wobɛda araa ma worente biribiara nka. Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa mfa aduru a wɔde kum nipadua no ko a wɔbɛma wo no ho.

Wɔtaa yɛ ahurututu mu nhwehwɛmu te sɛ eyi:

1. Nkyene : Wɔde afiri ketewaa bi (IV line) hyɛ ntini bi a ɛwɔ wo nsa mu mu na wɔde nnuru fa mu ma na ama woate nka sɛ wo ho adwo wo na woada.

2. Mpa so a wobɛda: Mpa so a wobɛda a wo ti so kakra.

3. Fa petepete so ma ɛyɛ mmerɛw:Wɔde aduru a wɔde petepete w’ano (na ebia wo hwene) ne wo menewam. Eyi bɛtew ɔhaw a wote nka bere a wode afiri no hyɛ mu no so.

4. Ahurututu mu afiri a wode bɛhyɛ mu: Sɛ wɔama wo aduru a ɛma wo ho dwo na woada wie a, oduruyɛfo no de nkakrankakra de ahurututu mu aduru no bɛhyɛ wo hwene anaa w’ano, anaasɛ ɔde afiri a wɔde hyɛ mu saa bere no mu sɛ wɔma wo akisikuru a, ɔde bɛhyɛ w’ahurututu mu na afei ɔde ahyɛ w’ahurututu mu.

5. Nnompe a woyi fi hɔ: Esiane sɛ wuntumi nmene nti, wubetumi de afiri ketewaa bi ayi nnompe a ɛboaboa ano wɔ w’anom no afi hɔ.

6. Bronchoscope a wobeyi afi hɔ: Sɛ wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu no wie a, oduruyɛfo no de nkakrankakra yi afiri no fi mu.

7. Wɔhwɛ so: Aduruyɛ adwumayɛfo no bɛhwɛ wo kosi sɛ w’adwene bɛsan aba.

So woda koraa bere a woreyɛ eyi no?

Mpɛn pii no, wobɛte nka sɛ woada paa, na ebia wobɛda mpo. Eyi gyina ahurututu mu nhwehwɛmu ko a woreyɛ ne nea oduruyɛfo no rehwehwɛ so. Nnipa dodow no ara yɛ eyi wɔ aduru a wɔde kum nipadua no mu. Wobetumi de aduru a wɔde kum nipadua no nkutoo na ayɛ nhwehwɛmu nketenkete bi.

Bere tenten ahe na egye ahurututu mu nhwehwɛmu?

Mpɛn pii no egye bɛyɛ simma 30 kosi 90 . Bere pɔtee a egye no gyina nea enti a oduruyɛfo no reyɛ no so.

Dɛn na ɛba wɔ sɔhwɛ no akyi?

Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, eyi yɛ ayaresa a wɔde kɔ ayaresabea, enti enhia sɛ wotra ayaresabea. Wubetumi akɔ fie wɔ nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi mu wɔ sɔhwɛ no akyi.

Aduruyɛ kuw no bɛhwɛ wo kakra ahwɛ sɛ worehome na woremene yiye anaa. Ebia oduruyɛfo no nso besi gyinae sɛ ɔbɛyɛ ne koko X-ray wɔ nhwehwɛmu no akyi de ahwɛ sɛ ɔhaw bi wɔ hɔ anaa.

Wo menewa bɛyɛ dɔnhwerew biako. Ebia wo menewa mu yɛ wo yaw, wobɛfefe, na woayɛ dede wɔ nnɔnhwerew 24 a edi hɔ no mu. Wobetumi de aduru a wɔde fa ɔfe mu no agyae menewam a ɛyɛ yaw. Nnipa dodow no ara tumi san kɔ dwumadi ahorow a wɔtaa yɛ no so da a edi hɔ no. Wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛ wo sɛ ɛho hia sɛ woto wo dwumadi ahorow ano hye a.

Aduruyɛ kuw no bɛma woahu bere a wubetumi ahwɛ nea ebefi nhwehwɛmu no mu aba ne bere a ɛsɛ sɛ wosan kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn.

Bere tenten ahe na egye na obi ho atɔ no?

Anyɛ yiye koraa no, ɛho behia sɛ wotra ayaresabea dan a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔyare no mu simma 45, ebia ɛbɛkyɛ, kosi sɛ worenda bio na wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛho hia (te sɛ ɔhome ne mogya mmoroso) asan aba sɛnea na ɛte kan no. Saa bere yi mu no, nnuruyɛfo no bɛhwɛ wo yiye ahwɛ sɛ ebia wowɔ nneɛma bɔne bi a ɛyɛ soronko wɔ nhwehwɛmu no akyi anaa.

So metumi adi na anom wɔ sɔhwɛ no akyi?

Nni anaa nnom biribiara kosi sɛ wo menewam a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no befi hɔ koraa (a ebetumi agye dɔnhwerew biako). Sɛ akisikuru no kɔ wie a, di kan nom nsu bi, afei fa nnuan a ɛnyɛ dɛ te sɛ akutu ne yogurt fi ase.Sɛ wudidi anaa wonom ntɛm dodo a, aduan ne anonne no betumi akɔ w’ahurututu mu (aspirate) anaasɛ wubetumi amene wo.

Dɛn ne nsɛnnennen a ebetumi afi ahurututu mu nhwehwɛmu mu aba?

Bronchoscopy yɛ adeyɛ a ahobammɔ wom yiye, nanso asiane ahorow a ɛntaa nsi koraa wɔ hɔ, te sɛ:

• Tokuru bi a ɛwɔ mframa kwan no mu.
• Ɛnne ntini a ɛsɛe anaasɛ ɛyɛ hyew.
• Ahurututu mu yare.

Mpɛn pii no, nnuruyɛfo de ahurututu mu afiri a ɛyɛ mmerɛw di dwuma efisɛ ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobetumi akyerɛ no kwan afa mframa kwan no mu na ebetumi adu ahurututu no mmeae nketenkete. Nanso, wɔ tebea horow bi mu no, ɛho hia sɛ wɔde ahurututu mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛyɛ den di dwuma.

Ansa na wobɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi no, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa mfa asiane ahorow a ɛwɔ mu ne sɛ ebia wowɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ wubenya nsɛnnennen anaa.

Bere tenten ahe na egye ansa na nea efi ahurututu mu nhwehwɛmu mu ba no asan aba?

Bisa w’aduruyɛfo kuw no bere a wubenya nea efi mu ba no. Sɛ wɔyɛɛ nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu bere a wɔreyɛ nhwehwɛmu no a, ɛsɛ sɛ wonya nea efi mu ba no wɔ dapɛn biako mu. Ɛdenam sɔhwɛ ko a wɔbɛyɛ so no, ebia wobehu nea ebefi mu aba no ntɛm anaa akyiri yi.

Wo duruyɛfo de nea ebefi mu aba yi bedi dwuma de asi nea w’ayaresa anammɔn a edi hɔ no bɛyɛ ho gyinae. Eyi betumi ayɛ soronko wɔ onipa biara ho, a egyina nea wohuu bere a wɔreyɛ ahurututu mu nhwehwɛmu no so.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ me ne me duruyɛfo di nkitaho?

Sɛ woyɛ nhwehwɛmu no wie a, sɛ wuhu saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi bi a, ɛsɛ sɛ wofrɛ wo duruyɛfo ntɛm ara. Eyinom betumi ayɛ ɔyare mmoawa, ahurututu a abubu, anaa ɔhaw foforo ho sɛnkyerɛnne:

• Koko mu yaw.
• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den.
• Atiridiinini a ɛkɔ so daa.
• Ɔfe a ɛkɔ so anaasɛ mogya a ɔfe.
• Ahurututu mu yare ho sɛnkyerɛnne (e.g. atiridiinini kɛse, koko mu yaw, hwene a ɛtwetwe).

Awiei koraa no, kae eyi (Take-Home Message) .

Bronchoscopy nyɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ wosuro. Ɛyɛ sɔhwɛ a ahobammɔ wom a ɛboa ma wuhu ɔhaw ahorow wɔ w’ahurututu ne mframa kwan mu. Ɛtɔ da mpo a, wotumi de sa wɔn yare. Wɔyɛ no wɔ baabi a wɔhwɛ ayarefo a wɔda abɔnten, baabi a wɔde afiri ketewaa bi kɔ w’ahurututu mu. Sɛ wo duruyɛfoɔ ka kyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ nhwehwɛmu yi a, ɔbɛka sɛdeɛ wobɛsiesie wo ho ama no ho nsɛm pii akyerɛ wo. Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa bi a, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wubebisa wo duruyɛfo. W’akwahosan ne ade a ɛho hia sen biara!

` Bronchoscopy, ahurututu mu nhwehwɛmu, ɔhome mu yare, biopsy, stent, ahurututu, ɔfe