So biribi wɔ wo mogya mu nkwammoaa mu a ɛyɛ nwonwa? Momma yɛnhwɛ nea (Peripheral Blood Smear - PBS) sɔhwɛ no ka!

So wɔayɛ wo mogya mu nhwehwɛmu pɛn na oduruyɛfo bi aka akyerɛ wo sɛ biribi asɛe wɔ amanneɛbɔ no ho? Anaasɛ, esiane sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow bi a wonte ase nti, so oduruyɛfo bi aka akyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu titiriw bi? Bere a ɛte saa no, wobetumi aka akyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ nhwehwɛmu bi a wɔfrɛ no `(Peripheral Blood Smear)` anaa `(PBS)`. Momma yɛnka sɔhwɛ yi ho asɛm nnɛ ara kwa.

Momma yenni kan nhwɛ nea saa `(Peripheral Blood Smear - PBS)` sɔhwɛ yi yɛ.

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, Peripheral Blood Smear yɛ sɔhwɛ a wɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ, mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa, ne mogya nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no hwɛ. Wɔde mfiri na ɛyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu bi. Nanso wɔ PBS mu no, oduruyɛfo anaa aduruyɛdan mu adwumayɛfo a wɔatete no de afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwɛ nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no mu na ɔhwehwɛ sɛnea ɛte, ne kɛse, ne dodow mu. Ɛte sɛ ɔsraani a ɔhwehwɛ nkurɔfo ho nsɛm mu a ɔrehwehwɛ nsakrae nketenkete wɔ wo mogya nkwammoaa mu.

Dɛn nti na oduruyɛfo bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ saa `(PBS)` sɔhwɛ yi?

Nneɛma pii nti na oduruyɛfo betumi aka akyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ PBS nhwehwɛmu.

• Sɛ nsonsonoe wɔ wo Mogya Dodow a Edi Mu (CBC) mu a: Ebia woanya CBC pɛn. Sɛ nea efi mu ba no kyerɛ sɛ wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ, wo mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa, anaa mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no nyɛ nea ɛfata, anaasɛ wɔn dodow sua dodo anaasɛ ɛdɔɔso dodo a, wo duruyɛfo no bɛpɛ sɛ ohu nea enti a ɛte saa. Ɛno ne bere a CBC no hwɛ wo mogya mu nkwammoaa mu yiye de bɔ mmɔden sɛ wobehu nea ɛrekɔ so ankasa. Sɛ nhwɛso no, CBC betumi aka akyerɛ wo sɛ wo mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa no sua dodo. CBC betumi aka pii afa wo mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa no nsusuwii ho, anaasɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa ko a ɛba fam.
• Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne yi bi a: ɛtɔ da bi a wote ɔbrɛ a wontumi nkyerɛkyerɛ mu nka, wotaa yare, mogya tu fi wo nipadua mu mmeae bi, anaasɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne afoforo a ɛyɛ soronko a, ebia wo duruyɛfo besusuw sɛ mogya mu haw bi wɔ hɔ. Saa bere no mpo, saa `(PBS)` yi betumi de nsɛm a ɛho hia ama.
• Hwɛ sɛ wo nipadua reyɛ n’ade wɔ ayaresa ho anaa: Sɛ woreyɛ yareɛ bi, te sɛ kokoram ho ayaresa a, nnuruyɛfoɔ de saa ``(PBS)`` sɔhwɛ yi di dwuma de hwɛ sɛ ayaresa no yɛ yie anaa na sɛ wo mogya mu nkwammoaa no resan ayɛ sɛdeɛ na ɛteɛ anaa.
• Ansa na wɔde stem cell bɛma obi foforo: Saa sɔhwɛ yi nso ho hia na ama wɔasua pii afa obi nnompe mu ntini ne ne mogya mu nkwammoaa ho bere a wɔresiesie no ama stem cell a wɔde bɛma no no.

Kae sɛ nea efi PBS nhwehwɛmu mu ba nkutoo ntumi nhu yare bi yiye. Oduruyɛfo bi bɛkyerɛ sɛ wowɔ yare no denam nsɛm a efi w’ayaresa ho abakɔsɛm, nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu, ne nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ wɔ aduruyɛdan mu te sɛ PBS mu nyinaa a ɔbɛka abom no so.

Dɛn ankasa na wobetumi de saa `(PBS)` sɔhwɛ yi ahwɛ?

Sɛ yɛbɛte nea `(PBS)` sɔhwɛ kyerɛ ase a, momma yenni kan nsua nkwammoaa ahorow titiriw ne mogya nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ yɛn mogya mu no ho ade kakra.

• Mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ: Eyinom te sɛ "courier service" a ɛde oxygen kɔ wo nipadua nyinaa mu. Susuw ho saa kwan yi so, wogye mframa pa fi w’ahurututu mu na ɛde kɔ wo nipadua mu nkwammoaa biara mu. Ɛno na saa nkwammoaa no nya ahoɔden a wɔde bɛyɛ adwuma. Bere a wɔresan aba no, wɔfa carbon dioxide (mframa a wɔsɛe no) a efi saa nkwammoaa no mu ba no na wɔsan de ba w’ahurututu mu. Afei saa carbon dioxide no fi adi bere a yɛhome no.
• Mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa: Eyinom ne wo nipadua no "ahobammɔ tumi." Saa mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa yi bɔ wo ho ban fi nyarewa ne nyarewa ahorow ho. Nkwammoaa yi ahorow anum na ɛwɔ hɔ, na ɛsono sɛnea emu biara ko tia nyarewa.
• Nkwammoaa a ɛma mogya tu: Eyinom na ɛboa ma wo mogya tu. Fa no sɛ woatwitwa ketewaa bi, na mogya nkwammoaa yi boa ma mogya no gyae. Sɛ eyinom sua a, mogya betumi atu, na ebetumi nso ayɛ kokoram, ɔyare mmoawa, anaa akwahosan ho haw afoforo bi ho sɛnkyerɛnne.

Enti, wɔ ``(PBS)`` sɔhwɛ mu no, oduruyɛfo no de afiri a wɔde hwɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ, mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa, ne mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ yi hwɛ. Afei obetumi ahu nneɛma te sɛ:

• Nsakrae a ɛba mogya mu nkwammoaa ne mogya mu nkwammoaa kɛse ne sɛnea ɛte mu: Wɔ mogya mu nyarewa anaa mogya mu kokoram ahorow bi mu no, saa nkwammoaa yi nsusuwii ne ne kɛse betumi asesa. Sɛ nhwɛso no, mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ betumi ayɛ akɛse, ayɛ nketewa, anaa ayɛ nea ɛyɛ soronko.
• Nsakrae a ɛba mogya mu nkwammoaa ne mogya mu nkwammoaa dodow mu: Eyi betumi akyerɛ sɛ nkwammoaa ahorow no sua dodo anaasɛ ɛdɔɔso dodo. Saa nsakrae yi betumi akyerɛ sɛ biribi asɛe wɔ nnompe mu ntini (beae a wɔyɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa ne mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ) no ho.
• Nsakrae a ɛnteɛ a ɛba mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa ahorow mu: Mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa ahorow anum na ɛwɔ hɔ. Nsonsonoe a ɛwɔ dodow, ne nsusuwii, ne su afoforo a ɛwɔ ɔkwan biara so no betumi ama yɛanya nyarewa ahorow ho nsɛnkyerɛnne.
• Hwɛ sɛ mmoawa a wɔsɛe nnɔbae wɔ mogya no mu: Wɔ nyarewa bi te sɛ asramma mu no, wobetumi ahu mmoawa a wɔsɛe nnɔbae wɔ mogya no mu. ``PBS'' nso tumi hu nneɛma a ɛtete saa.

Nyarewa bɛn na `(Peripheral Blood Smear)` betumi aboa ma wɔahu?

Nnuruyɛfo de PBS nhwehwɛmu no di dwuma de boa ma wohu mogya mu nyarewa ahorow, mogya mu kokoram, ne ɔyare mmoawa. Saa tebea horow yi betumi aba bere a nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ nnompe mu ntini mu no bɛyɛ nea ɛnteɛ na enyin bɛyɛ kokoram nkwammoaa a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so (a wɔsan frɛ no blasts). Nhwɛso ahorow bi ne:

• Leukemia: Eyi yɛ kokoram a ɛba mogya ne nnompe mu. Nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ nnompe mu no bɛyɛ nea ɛnteɛ na efi ase yɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa a ɛte apɔw a ɛboro nea ɛteɛ. Wobetumi de mogya a wɔde srasra (PBS) ahu nkwammoaa a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so yi.
• Myelodysplastic syndrome: Eyi nso yɛ kokoram bi. Nsakrae a ɛba mogya ntini mu nkwammoaa mu na ɛde ba. Saa nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae yi mma nipadua no ntumi nyɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa, mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ, ne/anaasɛ mogya nkwammoaa a ɛte apɔw, a anyin koraa.
• Mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu: Mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu no ba bere a wo nipadua no nni mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛte apɔw a ɛdɔɔso no. Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu (PBS) betumi aboa ma wɔahu nea ɛde mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua no mu no ba denam wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no kɛse ne ne nsɛso a wobɛhwɛ so.
• Nea ɛne Koma a Ɛnyɛ Den wɔ abusuabɔ: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ dodow a ɛkɔ soro sen sɛnea ɛte daa no betumi ayɛ oxygen dodow a ɛba fam ho sɛnkyerɛnne, a ɛne tebea horow te sɛ komayare wɔ abusuabɔ.
• Lymphoma: Eyi yɛ kokoram a efi ase wɔ ntini a ɛma mogya tu mu, mpɛn pii no wɔ ntini a ɛma mogya tu no mu. Mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa a efi nnompe mu ntini mu ba no wɔ wo ntini mu. Mpɛn pii no, saa nkwammoaa yi kɛse yɛ kɛse bere a nipadua no yɛ n’ade wɔ ɔyare mmoawa ho no, na afei wɔn dodow so tew. Lymphoma ba bere a mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa bi a ɛwɔ ntini mu no dan kokoram na ɛkɔ so tra hɔ a ne dodow anaa ne kɛse so ntew no.
• Nyarewa a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa: Saa nyarewa yi ba bere a w’ankasa nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa di mfomso tow hyɛ w’ankasa wo nipadua so no. Mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa dodow a ɛba fam betumi ayɛ yare a ɛte sɛɛ ho sɛnkyerɛnne.
• Malaria: Malaria ba bere a nwansena bi a okura asramma mmoawa ka wo na mmoawa no hyɛn wo mogya mu no. Wobetumi de PBS ahu saa mmoawa yi.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔyɛ saa `(Peripheral Blood Smear)` nhwehwɛmu yi?

Ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye. Wɔde wo mogya no bi gu ahwehwɛ a wɔde twetwe nneɛma so na wɔtrɛw mu ma ɛyɛ teateaa. Afei, wɔde nnuru titiriw bi ka ho na ama wɔatumi ahu mogya mu nkwammoaa yi su titiriw (a wɔsan frɛ no staining). Awiei koraa no, wɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwehwɛ saa nhwɛsode a wɔasiesie yi mu. Ɛte sɛ nea worema mfonini bi mu ada hɔ.

Dɛn na sɔhwɛ ho amanneɛbɔ no ka? Dɛn na oduruyɛfo no de yɛ?

Oduruyɛfo betumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ PBS nhwehwɛmu esiane biribi pɔtee bi nti. Ebia ɛbɛyɛ sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ nea efi mu ba a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so wɔ wo CBC so. Anaasɛ ebetumi ayɛ sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ nea ɛde wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no ba. Nanso, wo duruyɛfo no bɛkyerɛkyerɛ nea enti a wɔreyɛ PBS nhwehwɛmu no ne nea nea efi mu ba no kyerɛ mu akyerɛ wo.

Ade a ɛho hia ne sɛ Peripheral Blood Smear nhwehwɛmu no yɛ ɔkwan a wɔfa so hu yare no fã biako pɛ.Oduruyɛfo no de nsɛm a efi eyi mu, w’aduruyɛ ho abakɔsɛm, ne nea efii nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu no mu bae bɛka abom no so. Ebia ɛho behia nso sɛ woyɛ sɔhwɛ pii. Enti, sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa bi fa sɔhwɛ yi anaa sɔhwɛ foforo biara ho a, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wubebisa wo duruyɛfo. Ɔbɛkyerɛkyerɛ nneɛma mu akyerɛ wo.

Enti, nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae fi eyinom nyinaa mu ni (Take-Home Message) .

• Peripheral Blood Smear (PBS) yɛ nhwehwɛmu a wɔde hwɛ nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ, nkwammoaa fitaa, ne mogya nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu wɔ afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete mu.
• Eyi tumi hu nsakrae a ɛba mogya mu nkwammoaa no nsusuwii, ne kɛse, ne dodow mu.
• Wɔde hwɛ sɛ ebia nneɛma a ɛnteɛ wɔ ``(CBC)'' bi mu, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a emu nna hɔ, na wɔhwɛ sɛnea ayaresa ahorow no di yiye.
• Eyi boa ma wonya nyarewa ahorow te sɛ mogya mu kokoram, mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu, ne asramma ho nsɛnkyerɛnne.
• Eyi nkutoo ntumi nhu yare bi pɛpɛɛpɛ, ɛyɛ anammɔn biako pɛ wɔ ɔkwan a wɔfa so hu yare no mu.
• Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa anaa nsɛm bi a ɛhaw wo a, hwɛ hu sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa. Nsuro, nnuruyɛfo wɔ hɔ sɛ wɔbɛboa wo.

Mewɔ anidaso sɛ wuhui sɛ mfaso wɔ saa nsɛm yi so! Kɔ so nya apɔwmuden!

` Peripheral Blood Smear, PBS, mogya sini mu nhwehwɛmu, mogya mu nkwammoaa, nhwehwɛmu, mogya mu kokoram, mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu