Adrenaline: Dɛn Ne No Na Ɔkwan Bɛn So Na Ɛka Wo Nipadua? Yɛnhwɛ Ne Nyinaa

Woate nka pɛn sɛ ehu kɛse bi akyekyere wo, anaa w'adwene atu afra prɛko pɛ? Wɔ saa tebea no mu no, wo koma bɔ ntɛmntɛm, w'ahome gyeɛ yɛ hare, na wote nka sɛ w'ahosiesie ne w'ani abue yiye paa. Dɛn na ɛde saa nneɛma yi nyinaa ba? Nea ɛde ba titiriw ne nnuru bi a yɛfrɛ no adrenaline a nipadua no mu tew gu mogya mu. Ɛnnɛ, yɛbɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu a emu dɔ wɔ dɛn ne adrenaline, sɛnea ɛboa yɛn ne sɛnea ɛtumi de ɔhaw ba yɛn apɔwmuden mu, ne akwan horow a yɛbɛtumi afa so ahwɛ yɛn ho yiye wɔ mu.

Adrenaline yɛ asɛm a yɛtaa te wɔ yɛn da biara da asetena mu, nanso nkurɔfo pii nte ase yiye. Sɛ wo hu kraman a ɔde anibere retaa wo a, ahoɔden foforo a wunya de tu mmirika no, adrenaline na ɛyɛ. Sɛ wote asɛm bi a ɛyɛ hu kɛse na wo honam nyinaa sɔre a, adrenaline na ɛma ɛba saa. Ɛno nti, sɛ yɛka sɛ nipadua no wɔ nneɛma a ɛyɛ nwonwa a ɛde bɔ ne ho ban a, adrenaline yɛ emu titiriw baako. Yɛbɛhwɛ sɛnea eyi si yɛ adwuma, sɛnea ɛka honam akwaa ahorow, ne mfaso ne ɔhaw a ɛwɔ mu.

Dɛn Ne Adrenaline? (Ntease a Ɛyɛ Mmerɛw)

Adrenaline, a abɔde mu nyansahufo ne aduruyɛ mu animdefo nso frɛ no epinephrine, yɛ nipadua mu nnuru (hormone) titiriw bi a nipadua no ankasa na ɛyɛ, na afei nso ɛyɛ neurotransmitter a ɛde nkra kɔ amemene no mu. Nipadua mu akwaa nketenkete bi a wɔfrɛ no 'adrenal glands' na ɛyɛ saa nnuru yi. Yɛwɔ saa akwaa yi mmienu, na ɛwɔ yɛn saa (kidneys) no atifi pɛɛ. Sɛ wo koma tu, anaasɛ wote nka sɛ asiane bi reba wo so a, saa akwaa yi yi adrenaline yi ntɛm ara gu wo mogya mu.

Sɛ wuhu hu anaa wote nka sɛ w'adwene mu ayɛ basaa (stress) a, adrenaline no di dwuma ntɛmntɛm. Eyi na yɛfrɛ no "adrenaline rush". Ɛyɛ ntɛm ara nti na wɔfrɛ no saa. Nnuru yi taa aboa onipa firi teteete sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a yɛbɛtumi aguan afiri asiane mu anaa yɛbɛko atia asiane. Sɛ yɛhwɛ yɛn nananom a wɔtenaa ase tete no a, na wohia adrenaline paa sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wɔbɛtumi atwa nmoa bɔne so na wɔaguan afi asiane ahorow mu. Ɛnnɛ, yɛnhyia nmoa bɔne daa, nanso nneɛma pii wɔ hɔ a ɛde stress ba a ɛma yɛn nipadua yi adrenaline.

Sɛ adrenaline gu mogya no mu pɛ, ebu ani fa nipadua no mu nyinaa. Ɛkɔ koma no mu, ɛkɔ ahrawa mu, ɛkɔ ntini a ɛma yɛhu ade mu, na ɛkɔ yɛn nam (muscles) no nyinaa mu. Baabiara a ɛbɛkɔ no, ɛwɔ dwuma titiriw a ɛdi de ma nipadua no siesie ne ho ma ɔko anaa oguan.

Ko Anaa Guan (Fight or Flight Response)

Wotee "ko anaa guan" (fight or flight response) ho asɛm pɛn? Eyi yɛ ade titiriw paa. Sɛ asiane bi ba wo so a, w'adwene gye di sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ woko tia asiane no anaa woguan firi hɔ ntɛm ara. Adrenaline na ɛboa w'adwene ne wo nipadua sɛ ɛbɛyɛ saa nneɛma mmienu yi mu baako. Ɛno nti na wo koma bɔ ntɛmntɛm na w'ahome gyeɛ yɛ hare no, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a mogya ne mframa (oxygen) bɛkɔ wo ntini ne wo honam mu ma woatumi de wo ho adi dwuma ntɛmntɛm.

Wɔ saa tebea yi mu no, nipadua no de n'ahoɔden nyinaa kɔ nneɛma a ɛho hia paa saa bere no so. Ɛno nti, nneɛma bi te sɛ aduane yam (digestion) nyɛ adwuma yiye koraa, efisɛ nipadua no mmu aduane yam sɛ ade a ɛho hia wɔ asiane bere mu. Mmom, mogya kɔ ntini a ɛma yɛtumi tu mmirika ne nea ɛma yɛtumi ko no mu paa. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ adrenaline yɛ sɛ mmoa kɛse a ɛboa onipa ma otumi bɔ ne nkwa ho ban wɔ ohu anaa asiane bere mu.

Yare Bɛn Na Ɛfa Adrenaline Ho?

Mpɛn pii no, adrenaline yɛ ade a ɛboa yɛn; ɛnyɛ ade a ɛde ɔhaw ba. Nanso, ɛtɔ da bi a, adrenal glands no tumi yɛ adrenaline anaa norepinephrine (nnuru a ɛne adrenaline di nsɛ) dodo pii ma ɛboro so. Sɛ eyi ba a, ɛtumi de yare bi a wɔfrɛ no Pheochromocytoma ba. Eyi yɛ pɔmpɔ (tumor) bi a ɛtumi ba adrenal glands no mu, na ɛde mogya mmorosoɔ (high blood pressure) ba.

Pheochromocytoma yi mpɛn pii no ɛnyɛ kookram (cancerous), nanso sɛ wɔannyae a ɛbɛtumi asɛe koma no na ayɛ onipa no yiye. Esiane sɛ ɛyɛ hormone nti, sɛ epue pii wɔ nipadua mu a, etumi ma nipadua no nyinaa yɛ basaa. Nanso ɛsɛ sɛ wuhu sɛ, sɛ wowɔ mogya mmorosoɔ a, ɛnkyerɛ sɛ wowɔ saa pɔmpɔ yi. Pheochromocytoma yɛ yare a ɛntaa mma koraa. Sɛ asiane yi bi ba a, wɔtumi yɛ oprehyɛn (surgery) yi pɔmpɔ no. Sɛ wosusu sɛ wowɔ yare yi bi a, kɔhu wo dɔkota ma ɔnyɛ wo mogya mu nhwehwɛmu (blood tests) ne scan hwɛ.

Bio nso, ɛwɔ hɔ a nipadua no tumi nya ɔhaw bi a ɛma adrenal glands no ntumi nyɛ adrenaline koraa. Sɛ ɛba saa a, onipa no ntumi nni asiane anaa ɔhaw ho dwuma yiye, efisɛ ɛho ahoɔden a anka obɛnya no nni hɔ. Sɛ ɛba saa nso a, dɔkota betumi ama wo nnuru bi a ɛbɛboa ma nipadua no atumi ayɛ ne dwuma sɛnea ɛsɛ.

Pheochromocytoma Yare Sɛnkyerɛnne

• Mogya mmorosoɔ (High Blood Pressure): Eyi ne sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛtaa da ne ho adi paa. Adrenaline pii nti, ntini a mogya fa mu no yɛ teaa, ɛno ma mogya bɔ ntɛm paa.
• Tirididi kɛse (Severe Headache): Wotumi te nka sɛ wo ti repae. Mogya mmorosoɔ a ɛkɔ amemene mu na ɛde saa tirididi yi ba.
• Ohu / Anisobiribiri (Lightheadedness): Sɛ wosɔre gyina hɔ a, wote nka sɛ w'ani so reyɛ kusuu anaa wo ho retɔ wo. Eyi nso firi sɛnea mogya rekɔ amemene mu no nti.
• Hwenehwe kɛse (Excessive Sweating): Wuhu sɛ nsu pii refiri wo honam mu bere a onwini wɔ hɔ mpo. Adrenaline bue honam mu mmeae a hwenehwe firi ba.
• Koma a ɛbɔ ntɛmntɛm (Quick pulse): Wo koma bɔ te sɛ nea woatu mmirika kɛse bi. Adrenaline ma koma bɔ ntɛm na ayɛ den.
• Nsaa / Nopopo (Tremors): Wo nsa anaa wo nan betumi apopo a wontumi nnyina wo ho.

So Adrenaline Tumi Pira Me Nipadua?

Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, adrenaline yɛ onipa boafo wɔ tebea a asiane wom mu. Ɛboa siesie nipadua no ma ɛko tia asiane. Nanso, sɛ adrenaline kɔ so tena mogya mu daa daa a, ɛtumi de ɔhaw ba paa.

Sɛ asiane nni hɔ nanso wo nipadua no kɔ so yɛ adrenaline pii a, ɛde ɔbrɛ bɛbrɛ wo koma ne wo mogya ntini, na awiei no ɛde komayare ne yare foforo bɛba. Ɛno nti na nnuruyɛfo tu fo sɛ yɛnhwɛ yɛn ho yiye wɔ nneɛma a ɛde stress ba no ho.

Fa tawa (nicotine) a ɛwɔ sigaret mu yɛ nhwɛso. Nicotine ma nipadua no yɛ adrenaline pii. Dɛn na ɛkɔ so? Wo koma bɔ ntɛmntɛm, na wo mogya mmorosoɔ kɔ soro wɔ bere a asiane biara nni hɔ. Sɛ ɛkɔ so saa daa a, ɛde komayare betumi aba wo so daakye. Afei nso, sigaret nom asɛe yɛn ahrawa nso, enti ɛde ɔhaw ahorow pii na ɛba.

Afei nso, sɛ wowɔ adwene mu basabasa kɛse anaa wuhu hu prɛko (Panic Attacks anaa Anxiety disorders) a, adrenaline nso pue. Sɛ panic attack ba a, w'amemene susuw sɛ wue asiane mu de, nanso asiane biara nni hɔ koraa. Eyi nyinaa ma adrenaline ba na ɛde ɔbrɛ ma nipadua no. Sɛ eyi kɔ so daa a, ɛnyɛ ma w'apɔwmuden. Wubetumi anya ɔbrɛ kɛse a ɛmma wuntumi nyɛ adwuma, nna a ɛntumi mma yiye (insomnia), ne aduane yam haw efisɛ nipadua no asusw sɛ ɛwɔ ko mu bere nyinaa.

Mogya mmorosoɔ a ɛkɔ so daa nso tumi sɛe saa, amemene, ne koma ntini. Enti, adrenaline a ɛte mogya mu bere a asiane biara nni hɔ no yɛ ade a ɛho hia sɛ yɛbɔ ho ban na yɛhwɛ yɛn adwene mu apɔwmuden yiye.

Ɔkwan Bɛn So Na Mebɛtumi Ahyɛ Adrenaline So?

Sɛ wotaa hu hu, w'adwene mu yɛ basaa, anaa wunya panic attacks, na wote nka sɛ wo koma bɔ ntɛmntɛm a, ɛho hia sɛ wuhu akwan a wobɛfa so adwudwo wo ho. Nipadua no rentumi ntena "hoperɛ tebea" (emergency mode) mu daa nyinaa. Ɛsɛ sɛ wode akwan foforo di dwuma de hwɛ sɛ adrenaline rento hyɛ wo so.

Sɔ saa nneɛma yi hwɛ sɛ wode bɛdwudwo w'adwene ne wo honam:

• Gye ahome kɔ akyiri (Breathe deeply): Gye ahome nkakrankakra ma ɛnkɔ mu, kura mu kakra, na gyaa mu brɛoo. Sɛ woyɛ eyi mpɛn pii a, ɛde asomdwoe ba w'adwene mu, na ɛka kyerɛ nipadua no sɛ asiane biara nni hɔ, enti ɛntwe adrenaline no nkɔ akyi.
• Nantew wɔ abɔde mu (Take a nature walk): Kɔ baabi a nnua ne nhabammono wɔ na asomdwoe wɔ hɔ kɔnantew. Ɛboa ma adwene mu dwo. Abɔde te sɛ nsu a eresen, anomaa a wɔresom mu tumi boa brɛ nipadua mu stress ase paa.
• Tie nnwom a ɛdwudwo adwene anaa yɛ adwenemudwudwo (Meditation): Wubetumi akyere nnwom a ɛyɛ dɛ na ɛyɛ brɛoo atie, anaa wode meditation apps adi dwuma de adwudwo wo ho. Meditation kyerɛ w'adwene sɛnea ɛbɛtwe ne ho afi ɔhaw ho na akɔ so ayɛ asomdwoe.
• Ne adamfo anaa abusuafo bɔ nkɔmmɔ: Sɛ woka asɛm a ɛhaw wo kyerɛ obi a wugye no di a, ɛtumi ma w'adwene gye ahome. Nnipa taa dwudwo wɔn ho bere a wote nka sɛ obi foforo retie wɔn haw no.
• Apo-mu-teɛteɛ (Exercise): Sɛ wutu mmirika anaa woyɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ daa a, ɛtew stress so, na ɛma nipadua no yi nnuru foforo te sɛ endorphins a ɛde anigye ba, na ɛbrɛ adrenaline a ɛntaa nnu asiane so no ase.

Nanso, sɛ woyɛ saa nneɛma yi na ɛnnyaa wo a, yɛsrɛ wo, kɔhu dɔkota ntɛm ara. Dɔkota bɛtumi aboa wo ama woatumi ahyɛ w'adwene mu basabasa ne panic attacks so denam nnuru ne afotu pa so. Wɔtumi ma wo apɔwmuden ho afotu anaa therapy a ɛbɛboa wo ma w'adwene atu atoa. Sɛ wohia mmoa prɛko pɛ anaa wote nka sɛ wotumi rewu a, wubetumi afrɛ gyaese adwumayɛfo wɔ 112 na wɔabɛboa wo.

Dɛn Na Wote Nka Sɛ Adrenaline Rush Ba a?

Sɛ adrenaline gu wo mogya mu (adrenaline rush) a, wo nipadua no mu nneɛma nsakrae yi bɛba ntɛm ara, na emu biara wɔ botae titiriw a ɛyɛ:

• Wo koma bɔ ntɛmntɛm (Your heart beats faster): Mogya kɔ w'akuma ne ntini mu pii sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobɛnya ahoɔden pii. Eyi na ɛma wote nka sɛ wo koma retu afiri wo yam no.
• W'ahome gyeɛ yɛ hare (You breathe faster): Ɛtɔ da bi a wote nka sɛ hohom bɔ wo. Ɛyɛ sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a mframa (oxygen) pii bɛkɔ wo nipadua mu. Ɔhome hare yi boa ma oxygen nya kwan kɔ amemene ne nam (muscles) mu.
• Aduane yam (Digestion) gyae anaa ɛyɛ brɛoo: Nipadua no de mogya a anka ɛbɛkɔ wo yam no de kɔ w'anam ne wo nsa mu (muscles) ma asiesie. Ɛno nti, adrenaline rush akyi no, wotumi te nka sɛ wo yam reyɛ wo yaw anaa aduane biara nyɛ wo dɛ.
• W'ani abue (Dilated Pupils): W'ani nkesua kɛse bue, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a hann pii bɛba w'ani mu na woatumi ahwɛ nneɛma kɔ akyiri yiye, titiriw wɔ esum mu.
• W'ani da hɔ paa (You feel very alert): Wote nka sɛ wanyane paa na w'ani abue. Wotumi tie asɛm kɛse na wuhu asiane ntɛm ara.
• Honam popo (Tremors): Wubetumi apopo, na w'anom ayɛ wo kusuu, anaa wo ho fifi nsuo pii efisɛ nipadua no pɛ sɛ ebrɛ w'ahosiesie mu hyew ase.

Nneɛma Bɛn Na Ɛde Adrenaline Rush Ba?

Nneɛma bi wɔ hɔ a, sɛ woyɛ a, adrenaline fi wo nipadua mu ba. Nea ɛde ba paa ne nneɛma a hu wom anaa agodie a asiane wom (Extreme sports). Sɛ nhwɛso no:

• Bepo kɔ (Rock climbing): Sɛ woforo obuo a, hu a wowɔ sɛ wubetumi ahwe fam no ma adrenaline pue.
• Snowboarding (Suorukyi su tu): Nea ɛyɛ hare no ma nipadua no susuw sɛ asiane bɛba, enti adrenaline pue.
• Zip lining (Homa mu tu): Sɛ worefi ɔsoro kɔ fam a ehu bɔ wo kɛse.
• BASE jumping: Eyi yɛ agodie a emu yɛ den paa a nkurɔfo de parachute fi dan tintin so huri kɔ fam. Ɛyɛ asiane paa, enti adrenaline kɛse pue wom.
• Roller coasters: Mfiri a ɛyɛ hare kɛse wɔ agoprama so no ma onipa te nka sɛ ɔrewu, enti nipadua no ma adrenaline kɛse ba.

Saa nneɛma yi mu no, hu ne anigye na ɛde adrenaline ba, na ɛyɛ asiane a wɔaka abom na wɔde yi adrenaline wɔ kwan a ɛnyɛ bɔne so.

Afei nso, ɛtumi ba bere a wonhwɛ kwan koraa wɔ nneɛma a ɛyɛ hu kɛse ampa mu. Sɛ nhwɛso no:

• Sɛ wunya Panic attack a. Eyi yɛ adwene mu haw a ɛyɛ te sɛ nea asiane reba.
• Sɛ wunya kar akwanhyia (Traffic accident) a. Asiane ankasa.
• Sɛ asɛm bi a ɛyɛ hu kɛse si w'ani so a (Sɛ wuhu kraman bɔne a ɔretaa wo!).
• PTSD (Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder): Nnipa a wɔakɔ ohu kɛse te sɛ ɔko anaa awufo mu tumi nya adrenaline rush bere a wɔkae asɛm no kɛkɛ.

Nsɛm A Ɛsɛ Sɛ Wokae Wɔ Awiei

Adrenaline yɛ nnuru a ɛho hia paa a adrenal glands na ɛyɛ. Ɛwɔ dwumadi titiriw sɛ ɛbɛboa wo ma woasiesie wo ho ako atia asiane anaa woaguan afiri mu. Wo koma a ɛbɔ ntɛm, ahome a ɛyɛ hare, ne w'ani a ɛda hɔ no yɛ 'satan anaa guan' (fight or flight) nhyehyɛe no fã.

Sɛ yenni adrenaline a, anka onipa nni hɔ ɛnnɛ, efisɛ yɛbɛyɛ mmerɛw dodo sɛ yɛbɛko atia asiane. Ɛyɛ Onyankopɔn anaa abɔde nhyehyɛe a ɛyɛ nwonwa paa a ɛboa ma onipa nkwa kɔ so wɔ asase so.

Sɛ asiane nni hɔ na wotaa nya adrenaline rush (sɛ wo koma bɔ, wuhu hu, fifi nsuo) a, ɛho hia paa sɛ wuhu dɔkota ma afotu. Ebia na ɛkyerɛ yare foforo bi a ahintaw, anaa wuhia mmoa na woatumi ahyɛ w'adwene mu stress so. Yɛsrɛ wo, hwɛ wo ho yiye na nyɛ asɛm yi ho anibiannaso, na apɔwmuden yɛ ahonyade a som bo kɛse wɔ w'asetena mu!

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