So wo yafunu mu yare no fi H. pylori (Helicobacter pylori)? Momma yɛnhwehwɛ nea sɔhwɛ ahorow yi yɛ ankasa!

So ɛtɔ mmere bi a wote nka sɛ wo yafunu mu hyew, wote nka sɛ wo yafunu ayɛ ma na wo mu yɛ duru? Anaasɛ wunya ɛyaw bi a ɛyɛ nwonwa wɔ wo yafunu mu ansa na woadi? Yɛtaa susuw sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ eyi yɛ "gas", ɛnte saa? Nanso ɛnyɛ gas nkutoo na ɛde yafunu mu haw nyinaa ba. Ɛtɔ da bi a, nea ɛde eyi ba no betumi ayɛ mmoawa ketewaa bi a yentumi mfa yɛn ani nhu. Onipa a ɔte saa no mu biako ne `H. pylori` anaa `(Helicobacter pylori)`. Ɛnnɛ, momma yɛnka nea `H. pylori` ne, nhwehwɛmu bɛn na ɛwɔ hɔ a ɛbɛma yɛahu sɛ saa mmoawa yi wɔ yɛn nipadua mu anaa, ne sɛnea yɛbɛyɛ.

Bere bɛn na ɛho hia sɛ wɔyɛ H. pylori nhwehwɛmu?

Afei ebia woresusuw sɛ, "So ɛsɛ sɛ me nso meyɛ sɔhwɛ yi?" Ɛnyɛ obiara na ohia eyi. Nanso sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ H. pylori nhwehwɛmu:

• Sɛ wote yaw bi a ɛretu anaa ɛrehyew wɔ wo yafunu mfinimfini anaa atifi fam bere a woredidi anaa anadwo a, ɛte sɛ nea obi retwe wo afi mu.
• Sɛ ɛte sɛ nea yafunu mu yaw no ano brɛ ase kakra bere a woadi biribi anaa woanom nnuru a ekum asikre akyi a .
• Sɛ wote nka bere nyinaa sɛ wo ho ayɛ wo ma na wo ho ayɛ wo hyew a .
• Sɛ wowɔ akisikuru anaasɛ wofe a .

Saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi betumi akyerɛ sɛ wo yafunu mu ntini no ayɛ hyew, a wɔfrɛ no gastritis, anaasɛ wowɔ akuru wɔ yafunu anaa dwensɔtwaa ketewaa mu, a wɔfrɛ no peptic ulcer disease. Mmoawa H. pylori na ɛde eyi ba titiriw. Wɔ tebea horow bi mu no, ebetumi ama yafunu mu kokoram ho asiane nso ayɛ kɛse. Ɛno nti na oduruyɛfo bɛkamfo nhwehwɛmu yi akyerɛ sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a.

Sɔhwɛ ahorow bɛn na ɛwɔ hɔ a wɔde hu `H. pylori`?

Okay, afei momma yɛnhwɛ sɔhwɛ ahorow a ɛwɔ hɔ a ɛbɛma yɛahu pɛpɛɛpɛ sɛ saa `H yi wɔ hɔ. pylori` mmoawa. Sɔhwɛ ahorow anan titiriw na ɛwɔ hɔ.

1. `H. pylori` ahome sɔhwɛ `(Urea Ɔhome Sɔhwɛ)`

Eyi ne sɔhwɛ a wɔtaa yɛ, a ɛnyɛ den koraa a wɔde hu H. pylori. Nea ɛba ni:

Nea edi kan no, wɔma wo nsu titiriw bi a wobɛnom. Saa nsuo yi kura nnuru bi a wɔfrɛ no `(Urea)`. Afei, sɛ wowɔ `H. pylori` mmoawa a ɛwɔ wo yafunu mu, saa mmoawa no dan saa `(Urea)` yi ma ɛbɛyɛ carbon dioxide gas. Afei, sɛ worehome a, wosusuw carbon dioxide dodow a ɛwɔ saa home no mu. Sɛ carbon dioxide dɔɔso sen sɛnea ɛte daa a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ wowɔ `H. pylori` wɔ wo nipadua mu. Ɛnyɛ den, ɛnte saa?

2. `H. pylori` nsuo mu sɔhwɛ `(Nsuo mu Antigen Sɔhwɛ - SAT)`

Eyi nso yɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛnyɛ den koraa. Ɛhwehwɛ antigens, anaa ``antigens'', wɔ wo nsuo nhwɛsoɔ mu. ``Antigen'' yɛ protein a ɛyɛ nkwammoaa, mmoawa, anaa ɔyare mmoawa pɔtee bi. Yɛn nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no nam saa ``antigens'' yi so hu nyarewa. Enti, ``H. pylori'' ``antigens'' a ɛwɔ wo nsu mu no kyerɛ sɛ saa mmoawa yi wɔ wo aduan mu.

3. `H. pylori` Mogya mu Nhwehwɛmu `(Mogya mu Nhwehwɛmu)`

Eyi hwehwɛ wo mogya mu hwɛ sɛ ebia nkwammoaa a ɛko tia H. pylori anaa. Sɛ antigen a epira hyɛn yɛn nipadua mu a, saa antibodies yi yɛ protein a yɛn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no yɛ de ko tia. Saa nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa yi di akɔneaba wɔ mogya no mu hwehwɛ ɔyare mmoawa a epira no (wɔ eyi mu no, H. pylori) no na wɔsɛe no.

Nanso, mogya mu nhwehwɛmu yi wɔ sintɔ ketewaa bi sɛ wɔde toto nhwehwɛmu afoforo ho a. Ɛne sɛ, entumi nhu nsonsonoe a ɛda ɔyare mmoawa a ɛyɛ nnam ne ɔyare mmoawa a atwam a mprempren afi hɔ no ntam pɛpɛɛpɛ . Eyi te saa efisɛ saa ``Antibodies`` yi betumi atra mogya no mu bere bi bere a ɔyare mmoawa no atew akyi. Enti, nnuruyɛfo de mogya mu nhwehwɛmu yi di dwuma kɛse de sɔ nnipa a wɔwɔ aman bi a ``H. pylori`` abu so (sɛ nhwɛso no, Afrika, Amerika Kesee Fam, ne Asia Atɔe fam).

4. Atifi Endoscopy / Esophagogastroduodenoscopy - EGD

Eyi ne sɔhwɛ a edi mu sen biara a wɔde hu H. pylori. Nanso, nea ɛnte sɛ sɔhwɛ afoforo no, eyi yɛ adeyɛ a ɛyɛ hu kakra. Oduruyɛfo betumi ayɛ nhwehwɛmu yi sɛ wɔpɛ sɛ wɔhwɛ ɔhaw afoforo (te sɛ kokoram ho sɛnkyerɛnne) a ɛka H. pylori ho a.

Wɔ saa adeyɛ yi mu no, wɔma wo akisikuru (wonte ɛyaw biara), na wɔde afiri bi a mfoninitwa afiri ketewaa bi abata ho no fa w’anom kɔ wo yafunu mu anaa wo dwensɔtwaa ketewa no mfiase. Saa mfoninitwa afiri yi tumi hu emu yiye paa. Afei, adwinnade ketewaa bi a ɛkɔ afiri no mu yi ntini ketewaa bi (biopsy) fi wo yafunu anaa wo dwensɔtwaa a ɛkata so no mu na ɛde kɔ lab kɔhwɛ sɛ H. pylori wɔ hɔ anaa. Wɔsan frɛ eyi sɛ EGD.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na sɔhwɛ ahorow yi yɛ adwuma?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi nyinaa hwehwɛ H. pylori mmoawa no ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Ɔhome mu nhwehwɛmu, nsu mu nhwehwɛmu, ne endoscopy betumi ahu ɔyare mmoawa a ɛyɛ nnam . Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu betumi ahu sɛ woanya H. pylori yare no pɛn (anaasɛ woanya bi anaasɛ wunnyaa bi).

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobetumi asiesie wɔn ho ama sɔhwɛ no?

Ɛdenam nhwehwɛmu ko a woreyɛ so no, ebia ebehia sɛ wugyae nnuru bi nom adapɛn abien kosi anan ansa na wɔayɛ nhwehwɛmu no. Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ nnuru bi betumi ama wɔanya nhwehwɛmu no mu aba a ɛnyɛ nokware . Wei kyerɛ sɛ sɔhwɛ no betumi akyerɛ sɛ "ɔyare biara nni hɔ" sɛ wowɔ ɔyare mmoawa mpo a.

Ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ gyae nnuru te sɛ eyinom nom:

• Nnuru te sɛ nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa anaa Pepto-Bismol® (bismuth subsalicylate a wɔnom).
• Nnuru a wɔtɔn wɔ aduruyɛdan mu (OTC) anaa wɔkyerɛw ma a wɔfrɛ no ``Proton Pump Inhibitors - PPIs'' wɔ nnurutɔnbea ahorow. Nhwɛsoɔ bi ne ``omeprazole (Prilosec®)'', ``lansoprazole (Prevacid®)'', ``pantoprazole (Protonix®)'', ``rabeprazole (AcipHex®)'' anaa ``esomeprazole (Nexium®)'', ``dexlansoprazole (Dexilant®)''.

Ebia wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo nso sɛ nnnidi anaa nnom biribiara nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi ansa na wɔayɛ sɔhwɛ (mmuadadi) . Ɛho hia paa sɛ wudi wo duruyɛfo akwankyerɛ akyi pɛpɛɛpɛ.

Dɛn na ɛba bere a wɔreyɛ sɔhwɛ no?

Nea ɛbɛba saa da no bɛsono a egyina sɔhwɛ ko a woayɛ so. Ebia wobɛyɛ sɔhwɛ biako pɛ, anaasɛ ebia wobɛyɛ sɔhwɛ ahorow pii.

• H. pylori home sɔhwɛ: Nea edi kan no, wɔka kyerɛ wo sɛ home kɔ kotoku a ɛte sɛ balloon mu. Wɔsusuw carbon dioxide dodow a ɛwɔ mu no ho. Afei, wɔma wo urea a wɔnom. Bɛyɛ simma 15 akyi no, wɔka kyerɛ wo sɛ san home kɔ bag foforo mu bio. Wosusuw carbon dioxide dodow a ɛwɔ mu no nso. Sɛ carbon dioxide no dɔɔso ne mprenu so a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ wowɔ H. pylori yare mmoawa.
• H. pylori nsu mu nhwehwɛmu: Ɛho behia sɛ woboaboa nsu mu nsuo nhwɛsoɔ ano wɔ ade ketewa bi a wo duruyɛfoɔ de ama wo mu. Wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛ wo ɔkwan a wobɛfa so de akɔ lab ne bere a wode bɛkɔ.
• `H. pylori` mogya mu nhwehwɛmu: Eyi ne mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no daa no yɛ pɛ. Wɔfa mogya ketewaa bi na wɔde kɔ aduruyɛdan mu ma wɔyɛ ho nhwehwɛmu.
• Upper endoscopy: Wɔbɛma wo aduru a ɛma wo ho dwo na aboa wo ma woate ɛyaw biara. Afei, oduruyɛfo no de nkakrankakra de afiri bi a mfoninitwa afiri wom bɛhyɛ w’anom mu akɔ wo yafunu anaa wo dwensɔtwaa ketewaa mu. Wɔde afiri no bɛhwɛ mu na sɛ ɛho hia a, wɔbɛfa ntini bi (biopsy).

Wubetumi akɔ fie da koro no ara bere a wɔayɛ sɔhwɛ ahorow yi nyinaa awie no. Nanso, sɛ woyɛ endoscopy a, wubehia obi a ɔde wo bɛkɔ fie esiane aduru a wɔde kum wo no nti.

Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhwɛ kwan wɔ sɔhwɛ no akyi?

Wɔde nhwɛsode a wɔagye afi wo hɔ no bɛkɔ lab ma wɔasɔ ahwɛ.

Wubetumi asan akɔ adwuma sɛnea wotaa yɛ bere a woayɛ ahome, wo nsu, anaa mogya mu nhwehwɛmu awie no. Ɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛhome nnɔnhwerew 24 a edi kan wɔ endoscopy akyi, nanso nnipa dodow no ara betumi asan akɔ adwuma da a edi hɔ no.

Dɛn na sɔhwɛ no mu aba kyerɛ?

Wo sɔhwɛ aba no betumi ayɛ ``Positive`` anaa ``Negative`` .

Dɛn na ɛkyerɛ sɛ woyɛ `H. pylori` a ɛyɛ papa?

Sɛ nea efi ɔhome, nsu, anaa endoscopy nhwehwɛmu mu ba no yɛ papa a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ mprempren wowɔ H. pylori yare a ɛyɛ nnam . Afei ɛho behia sɛ wonom nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa na ama woakum mmoawa no. Sɛ wonom aduru no bere bi de kum H. pylori no wie a, ebia wobɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo de ahwɛ sɛ ɔyare no afi hɔ koraa anaa.

Sɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu aba no yɛ ``positive'' a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ woanya anaasɛ woanya ``H. pylori'' ɔyare mmoawa. Wo duruyɛfo no begyina nea ebefi mu aba so akyerɛ wo nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ akyi.

Sɛ H. pylori nyɛ papa a, dɛn na ɛkyerɛ?

Nea efi mu ba a enye no yɛ nea efi mu ba a ɛfata. Ɛkyerɛ sɛ wunni H. pylori yare mmoawa .

Bere tenten ahe na egye ansa na wɔahu nea efi mu ba?

Mpɛn pii no, wonya nea efi mu ba no wɔ da koro kosi abiɛsa ntam. Sɛ worekɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu no a, bisa wo duruyɛfo bere tenten a ebegye ansa na woanya nea efi mu ba ne sɛnea wubetumi ahu.

Dɛn ne sɔhwɛ a ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ sen biara a wɔde hu `H. pylori`?

Sɔhwɛ a edi mu sen biara a wɔde hu H. pylori ne soro endoscopy . Nanso, sɔhwɛ a ɛfata wo paa no begyina wo tebea pɔtee no so. Susuw nneɛma yi ho hwɛ:

• Endoscopy na ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ sen biara, nanso ɛsan nso yɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛyɛ hu na egye bere pii. Sɛ wo duruyɛfo pɛ sɛ ohu sɛ wowɔ ɔyare mmoawa bi kɛkɛ a, ebia ɔde nhwehwɛmu a ɛnyɛ den befi ase.
• Wɔ sɔhwɛ ahorow a ɛnyɛ nea wɔde hyɛ nipadua mu no mu no, H. pylori home sɔhwɛ no na ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ sen biara. Nanso, ebia ɛnyɛ nea wobetumi anya wɔ baabiara.
• H. pylori mogya mu nhwehwɛmu no yɛ mmerɛw yiye, nanso nea efi mu ba no kyerɛ wo sɛ ebia woanya H. pylori yare pɛn anaa. Entumi nkyerɛ wo pefee sɛ ebia wowɔ ɔyare mmoawa bi mprempren anaa.

Wo duruyɛfo begyina w’akwahosan ahiade so akyerɛ wo nhwehwɛmu a eye ma wo.

Awiei koraa no, kae eyi ! (Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie)

Enti, sɛ wo nso wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ yafunu mu yaw ne ɔfe a ɛtaa ba a, saa nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi ho hia yiye na ama woahu sɛ ebia nea ɛde ba no yɛ `(Helicobacter pylori)` yare mmoawa anaa. Biribiara nni hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhaw yɛn ho. Sɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi si so dua sɛ ɔyare mmoawa bi wɔ hɔ a, oduruyɛfo no bɛkyerɛw nnuru a ɛho hia ama wo. Sɛ wonom saa nnuru no yiye a, mmoawa no bɛsɛe na wo yafunu anaa wo dwensɔtwaa ketewaa a ɛyɛ wo yaw no asa. Enti, sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne bi a, nyansa wom sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn akɔhwehwɛ afotu a wummu w’ani ngu so. Afei wubetumi ho atɔ wo ntɛm.

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