So wo ba kumaa no nkɔso ho asɛm hia wo? Momma yɛnka ‘Early Intervention’ ho asɛm!

So ɛtɔ mmere bi a wote nka sɛ wo ba ketewa no aka akyi kakra wɔ serew, ɔbobɔw, anaa ɔkasa nsɛm te sɛ nkokoaa afoforo mu? Aunts a ɛbɛn wo, ɛtɔ da bi a w'ankasa wo ɛnanom ka nsɛm te sɛ, "Oh, yɛn ba ketewa no rehuruw akɔ akyirikyiri wɔ saa mfe yi mu." Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ ɛna anaa agya bɛte ehu ne dadwen kakra nka bere a ɔte nsɛm a ɛte sɛɛ no. Nanso nea ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ ɛnsɛ sɛ wobɔ hu wɔ mmere te sɛ eyinom mu, na mmom sɛ wubehu eyi yiye. Ɛno nti na yɛsusuu sɛ yɛbɛka saa asɛmti a ɛho hia paa yi ho asɛm nnɛ, a ɛne "Early Intervention."

Dɛn ankasa ne "Early Intervention"?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, Early Intervention kyerɛ nnwuma titiriw a wɔde ma mmofra nkumaa, kyerɛ sɛ, nkokoaa ne mmofra a wɔretu mmirika, a wɔn nkɔso kyɛ anaasɛ wɔn nkɔso yɛ dɛmdi bi, ntɛm ara sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ yiye biara a ɛbɛboa wɔn ma wɔanya wɔn ahoɔden.

Afei ma yɛnhwɛ nea nsɛmfua abien yi kyerɛ.

• Nkɔso a Ɛkyɛ: Eyi ne bere a wo ba no ka akyi kakra sɛ obedu nkɔso atitiriw bi ho bere a wɔde toto mmofra afoforo a wɔn mfe akɔ anim ho no. Sɛ nhwɛso no, bere a nkokoaa afoforo fi ase twitwiw wɔn ho wɔ asram 6 mu no, wo ba no gye bɛyɛ asram 8. Anaasɛ bere a afoforo reka asɛm biako anaa abien afe biara no, ɛte sɛ nea wo ba no da so ara nka hwee. Eyi ne nea wɔfrɛ no "akyɛde." Nanso asɛmpa no ne sɛ, sɛ wɔboa mmofra yi na wɔtete wɔn yiye a, mpɛn pii no wobetumi akɔto afoforo .

• Nkɔso mu Mmofra a Wɔadi M dɛm: Eyi yɛ soronko kakra. Eyi yɛ tebea a mpɛn pii no ɛtra hɔ nkwa nna nyinaa. Eyi betumi aka abofra no kankyee, adesua, nkitahodi, anaa ne nneyɛe. Eyi ho nhwɛso a eye sen biara ne tebea horow te sɛ (Autism) ne (ADHD) .

Enti, Early Intervention services botae titiriw ne sɛ ɛbɛboa mmofra a wɔakyɛ anaasɛ wɔadi dɛm saa no ma wɔanya nimdeɛ titiriw a wohia wɔ asetra mu.

Ma yɛnhwɛ nea saa ahokokwaw yi yɛ:

• Ɔrebɔ ne ho akɔneaba wɔ mpa so
• Ɔwea a ɔwea
• Renante
• Nneɛma a wɔde nsa ka (reaching for objects) .
• Adesua ne ɔhaw ahorow a wodi ho dwuma
• Ɔkasa ne atie
• Afoforo a wɔbɛte wɔn ase
• Agorudi ne afoforo a wɔne wɔn bɛbɔ
• Wɔn ho a wɔbɛhwɛ wɔn, te sɛ wɔn ho a wobedi ne ntade a wosiesie

Mfe bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ obi di ansa na wafi saa nnwuma yi ase?

Wɔayɛ Early Intervention services ama mmofra fi awo so kosi mfe 3 . Wɔ aman bi mu no, wɔde eyi di dwuma kosi sɛ obi adi mfe 5. Wɔ Sri Lanka nso, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wɔde wɔn adwene si saa nneɛma yi so ntɛm ara, kyerɛ sɛ, ansa na wɔadi mfe 3.

Ɛtɔ da bi a, ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔyɛ saa nnwuma yi bere a wɔawo abofra akyi pɛɛ. Ɛbɛyɛ dɛn na ɛno atumi aba? Fa no sɛ, sɛ wɔwo abofra a, nnuruyɛfo hu awosu mu yare bi. Wɔ tebea horow a ɛtete saa mu no, esiane sɛ saa tebea no betumi aka abofra no nkɔso nti, nnuruyɛfo no ankasa de wo kɔ saa Early Intervention nhyehyɛe ahorow yi mu.

Nanso ɛnyɛ bere nyinaa na wotumi hu saa nneɛma yi wɔ awo mu. Ɛtɔ da bi a, sɛ wode wo ba no kɔ ayaresabea a wɔhwɛ no ɔsram biara daa a, oduruyɛfo anaa awogyefo no na odi kan hu sɛ akokoaa no nyin akyɛ kakra. Afei wɔde wo kɔ animdefo ne ayaresa ho animdefo a wohia nkyɛn.

Nanso kae eyi: Sɛ wowɔ adwenem naayɛ ketewaa bi sɛ "biribi yɛ soronko wɔ me ba ho a," ntwɛn nkosi sɛ ayaresabea a edi hɔ no bɛba. Tie wo maame awosu mu nkate. Sɛ saa na wote nka a, kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara na kyerɛkyerɛ nea wuhu ne nea wote nka mu pefee. Efi hɔ no, ɔbɛkyerɛ wo ɔkwan a wobɛfa so akɔ w’anim.

Mɛyɛ dɛn atumi anya nnwuma te sɛ eyi wɔ Sri Lanka?

Bere a aman te sɛ U.S. wɔ aban nhyehyɛe ahorow a ɛsono emu biara ma eyi no, wɔ Sri Lanka no, saa adeyɛ yi nam yɛn akwahosan nhyehyɛe so na ɛba. Ade a edi kan na ɛho hia sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ne sɛ wobɛkɔ wo mmofra oduruyɛfo nkyɛn . Anaasɛ wubetumi ne wo mpɔtam hɔ Ɔmanfo Akwahosan Awogyefo (PHM) nso akasa .

Eyi ne nea ɛtaa ba:

1. Oduruyɛfo nkyɛn a edi kan: Wo ne oduruyɛfo no nkasa mfa nneɛma a ɛhaw wo ho. Kyerɛkyerɛ nea wuhu wɔ wo ba no nkɔso ho.

2. Aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu: Oduruyɛfo no hwehwɛ abofra no mu yiye na ɔhwɛ sɛ ebia wɔredi nkɔso mu nsɛntitiriw no ho dwuma wɔ bere ano anaa.

3. Wɔde wo bɛkɔ animdefo nkyɛn: Sɛ oduruyɛfo no susuw sɛ akyɛ a, ɔde wo bɛkɔ animdefo a wohia nkyɛn. Wɔn na wɔde saa Early Intervention dwumadie yi ma.

Saa dwumadie yi nam Mmofra Nkɔsoɔ Dwumadibea a ɛwɔ aban ayaresabea ahodoɔ so, titire ayaresabea akɛseɛ (e.g. Lady Ridgeway Mmofra Ayaresabea). Mmeae titiriw bi nso wɔ ankorankoro adwumayɛbea ahorow a wɔyɛ saa atirimpɔw yi. Wo duruyɛfo bɛma wo eyi ho nsɛm pii.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na abofra fata ma saa nnwuma yi?

Sɛ animdefo hu sɛ abofra bi nkɔso akyɛ anaasɛ wadi dɛm a, saa abofra no fata ma saa nnwuma yi. Wɔkyerɛ eyi wɔ anammɔn pii nhwehwɛmu nhyehyɛe akyi.

1. Nhwehwɛmu a Edi Kan: Ɛha yi, mmofra nkɔso ho abenfo (te sɛ kasa ho ayaresa ho animdefo, nipadua mu ayaresa ho animdefo) ne abofra no kasa na wodi agoru de hwɛ abofra no tumi ne nsɛnnennen.

2. Nea efii mu bae ho amanneɛbɔ: Wɔ nhwehwɛmu yi akyi no, kuw a wɔyɛ animdefo no ne wo bɛkasa na wɔakyerɛkyerɛ nea afi mu aba no mu. Ɛha na wobɛtumi ahunu sɛ wo ba hia Early Intervention services anaasɛ ɛnte saa.

3. Nhwehwɛmu a emu dɔ:Sɛ wohu sɛ abofra no hia nnwuma wie a, ade a edi hɔ ne sɛ wobehu nea abofra no ahiade ne ayaresa ahorow a ɛfata yiye.

4. Ankorankoro Nhyehyɛe a Wɔbɛyɛ: Afei, animdefo kuw no ne wo bɛyɛ adwuma de ayɛ nhyehyɛe a ɛfa wo ba no ho pɔtee. Saa nhyehyeɛ yi kyerɛ abofra no ahiadeɛ, nnwuma a wɔde ma, ne botaeɛ a yɛhwɛ kwan no pefee.

Sɛ wɔyɛ nhyehyɛe yi wie a, abofra no befi ase anya ayaresa a ɛho hia. Wɔ saa adeyɛ yi nyinaa mu no, wubetumi abisa nsɛm biara na woama adwenem naayɛ biara mu ada hɔ. Wɔtaa hwɛ nhyehyɛe yi mu asram 6 biara na wogyina abofra no nkɔso so yɛ nsakrae a ɛho hia.

Nneɛma bɛn na wubetumi ayɛ sɛ ɔwofo wɔ fie?

Nneɛma pii wɔ hɔ a wubetumi ayɛ wɔ fie de aboa wo ba no nkɔso. Wo duruyɛfo no de afotu pɔtee bɛma wo ama wo ba. Nanso, fa no sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wotwɛn adapɛn kakraa bi bio ansa na woahu oduruyɛfo titiriw bi. Sɛ́ anka wode saa bere no bɛhaw wo ho no, nneɛma nketenkete bi wɔ hɔ a wubetumi ayɛ ama wo ba.

Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka eyi nso ho asɛm. Mpɛn pii no, nneɛma a ɛte sɛɛ betumi akanyan wo ba no amemene mu nkɔso kɛse:

• Kenkan nhoma kyerɛ wo ba: Paw nhoma a mfonini akɛse a ɛyɛ kɔla ahorow wom. Mfa no sɛ wo ba rente nea worekenkan no ase. Wo nne ne wo nsɛm a ɛyɛ dɛ no to fapem ma wo ba no kasa ho nimdeɛ.
• To nnwom: Mmofra nnwom a ɛnyɛ den te sɛ nnwom a wɔto ne nsam a wɔbɔ no ma abofra ani gye kɛse.
• Fa agode ahorow ma: Ma wo ba no nka agode a ɛsono ne nsusuwii, kɔla, ne nwene. Eyi bɛma wɔn nkate a wɔde ka wɔn ho no anya nkɔso.
• Twe adwene si nneɛma a atwa wo ho ahyia so na kasa: Twe adwene si ɔkraman a ɔwɔ fie hɔ anaa anomaa a ɔwɔ wim no so na ka sɛ, "Hwɛ, ɔkraman bi wɔ hɔ," anaa "Ɛno yɛ anomaa."
• Bobɔ biribiara din: Sɛ worema wo ba no aduan a, ka sɛ "eyi ne nufusu toa no," bere a woreguare no, "eyi ne samina no," na bɔ biribiara a woyɛ na wofa no din.
• Ka nea woreyɛ ho asɛm: Ma wo ba nte nea woreyɛ saa bere no, te sɛ "Maame redi aburow mprempren," anaa "Momma yɛnkɔguare mprempren."

Yɛte wiase a nneɛma kɔ so ntɛmntɛm mu. Gyidi bi wɔ ɔmanfo mu sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wodi kan yɛ biribiara, na eye sen biara. Enti, sɛ wuhu sɛ wo ba di afoforo no akyi kakra a, ɛyɛ awosu sɛ wobɛhaw wo ho wɔ ne daakye ho. Nsɛmmisa te sɛ, "So obetumi ayɛ yiye wɔ sukuu mu? Adwuma bɛn na obenya bere a wanyin no?" ebia ɛbɛsɔre wɔ w’adwene mu.

Nanso nokwasɛm ne sɛ, obiara ntumi nkyerɛ sɛnea abofra biara bɛba daakye. Ɛho hia nso sɛ yɛkae sɛ abofra biara nyin wɔ n'ankasa ahoɔhare so . Afei nso, ɛbɛhyɛ wo nkuran paa sɛ wobɛhunu sɛ Early Intervention ho abenfoɔ wɔ nimdeɛ ne nnwinnadeɛ a wɔde bɛba wo ba no nkyɛn abɛboa no. Wɔbɛboa no ma wanya ahokokwaw wɔ ahoɔhare a ɛfata no mu, na wɔbɛkyerɛkyerɛ wo na wɔaboa wo wɔ ɔkwan koro no ara so. Efisɛ mma wo werɛ mmfi sɛ wo ne ɔkyerɛkyerɛfo a odi kan na ɛho hia sen biara a abofra behyia wɔ asetra mu.

Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa anaa nsɛm bi a ɛhaw wo wɔ wo ba no nkɔso ho a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka ho asɛm. Afei nso, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase da sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ na woahwɛ saa nnwuma yi. Dodow a woyɛ nhwehwɛmu na wusua eyi ho ade no, dodow no ara na wubenya ahotoso sɛ wubesi gyinae ahorow ama wo ba no daakye.