So ɔhaw bi wɔ wo mogya ntini mu? Momma yensua Endothelial Dysfunction ho ade.

So woasusuw sɛnea mogya ntini a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu no ho hia no ho pɛn? Wɔte sɛ akwan nketewa a ɛde nkrasɛm ne aduannuru kɔ yɛn nipadua nyinaa mu. Enti sɛ mmerɛwyɛ bi wɔ akwan yi mu a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a wɔfrɛ no endothelium no mu a, dɛn na ɛba? Ɛno ne nea yɛfrɛ no ``Endothelial Dysfunction''. Momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm kakra bio, ɛyɛ?

Dɛn ne Endothelial Dysfunction?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, Endothelial Dysfunction yɛ bere a nkwammoaa a ɛyɛ tratraa a ɛwɔ wo mogya ntini mu a wɔfrɛ no endothelium no ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye. Mpɛn pii no, saa endothelial nkwammoaa yi boa ma wo mogya ntini no bue (trɛw) bere a ɛho hia no. Nanso sɛ saa dwumadi a ɛnkɔ yiye yi ba a, nea ɛne no bɔ abira na ɛba. Ɛne sɛ, mogya ntini no fi ase twitwiw na ɛyɛ teateaa.

Fa no sɛ ɛte sɛ nsu paipu. Sɛ nkataso a ɛwɔ mu no nteɛ a, ɛbɛyɛ den sɛ nsu no bɛsen afa mu, ɛnte saa? Saa na ɛte. Ade titiriw nti a saa tebea yi ba ne tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no ``Vasospasm`` a ɛfa koma no mu ntini a ɛma mogya tu no ho. Wɔ eyi mu no, ɛwom mpo sɛ biribiara nsiw wo koma ntini no mu ankasa de, nanso ntini no yɛ teateaa ara kwa. Afei nso, ``Endothelial Dysfunction`` ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ ``Atherosclerosis``, a ɛyɛ srade a ɛkɔ ntini no afasu so na ɛma ntini no yɛ teateaa no yɛ kɛse.

Enti dwuma bɛn na saa endothelium yi di?

Mogya ntini biara a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu (ɛno ne ntini, ntini, ntini nketenkete) no, nkwammoaa biako a wɔfrɛ no endothelial cells na ɛwɔ mu. So wunim, saa endothelium yi yɛ akwaa nhyehyɛe akɛse a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu no mu biako!

Nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu no ma nneɛma ahorow fi hɔ. Saa nneɛma yi na ɛhwɛ ntini ahorow no bue ne nea ɛto mu (wɔfrɛ eyi ``Vascular Tone``). Saa ``Vascular Tone`` yi na ɛkyerɛ yɛn mogya mmoroso, ne sɛnea ɛsɛ sɛ koma no yɛ den sɛ ɛbɛbɔ mogya.

Ɛnyɛ ɛno nko, na mmom wo endothelium no ankasa yɛ nnwuma afoforo pii a ɛho hia:

• Ɛma nsu ne anyinam ahoɔden a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no yɛ adwuma yiye.
• Ɛboa ma mogya tu bere a ɛho hia no.
• Ɛmma awuduru ntumi nkɔ ntini ahorow mu.
• Ɛhwɛ ɔfe a ɛwɔ ntini ahorow mu no so.

Susuw adwuma kɛse a nkwammoaa ketewaa yi yɛ wɔ yɛn nipadua mu no ho hwɛ!

Wɔfrɛ tebea yi sɛ endothelial dysfunction abu so dɛn?

Bere tenten no, nnuruyɛ ho abenfo susuwii sɛ endothelium no yɛ akwanside bi a ɛwɔ mogya ntini no mu ara kwa. Nanso akyiri yi wohui sɛ eyi nso yɛ akwaa nhyehyɛe a ɛho hia. Ɛno na wogyee saa tebea yi a wɔfrɛ no ``Endothelial Dysfunction`` toom sɛ ɛyɛ yare a ɛda nsow.

Wɔyɛɛ saa nneɛma yi wɔ 1990 mfe no awiei mu hɔ, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wɔanhu tebea no bere tenten koraa. Enti abenfo da so ara ntumi nka sɛnea atrɛw wɔ nnipa mu no ankasa.

Dɛn nti na saa endothelial dysfunction yi ba?

Ade titiriw nti a tebea yi ba ne sɛ mframa bi a wɔfrɛ no Nitric Oxide (NO) nnɔɔso wɔ wo mogya ntini no afasu mu. Nea ɛyɛ nwonwa ne sɛ, wo endothelium no ankasa na ɛyɛ saa nitric oxide yi! Saa nitric oxide yi yɛ ``(Vasodilator)'', a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛbue mogya ntini no na ɛma mogya tumi sen fapem.

Enti, dɛn na ɛba bere a nitric oxide dodow so tew no?

• Mogya ntini mu teateaa: Eyi betumi ama mogya mmoroso aba.
• Ɔfe ba ntini no afasu mu: Eyi betumi ama ntini no mu ayɛ den, anaasɛ ntini no ayɛ den.
• Nkwammoaa a ɛma mogya mu nkwammoaa a ɛma mogya tu no kɔ soro: Eyi betumi ama mogya atɔ.
• Mogya ntini no afasu mu yɛ abon: Eyi ma ntini ahorow no nya lipoproteins a epira ne awuduru afoforo.

Dɛn ne Endothelial Dysfunction ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow?

Ahurututu mu ntini mu yare (endothelial dysfunction) ho sɛnkyerɛnne titiriw ne angina , a ɛyɛ koko mu yaw. Saa koko mu yaw yi ba efisɛ wo ntini ahorow no retoto bere a ɛsɛ sɛ wobue no. Saa koko mu yaw yi taa yɛ kɛse bere a wɔreyɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ no.

Nnipa binom betumi anya koko mu yaw a ɛkɔ so (`Angina`) bere mpo a wɔnyɛ hwee. Eyi betumi ayɛ komayare ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Sɛ eyi ba a, nea ɛkyerɛ ne koko mu yaw a ɛkɔ so, ɔbrɛ a ɛtra so, ne ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa. Eyi yɛ aduruyɛ mu tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ a egye ayaresa ntɛm ara.

Hena na ɔwɔ asiane kɛse ma eyi? (Nneɛma a Ɛma Asiane) .

Nneɛma bi betumi ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya Endothelial Dysfunction no ayɛ kɛse. Sɛ wowɔ tebea horow a edidi so yi a, wowɔ asiane kɛse mu:

• Asikreyare (`Asikreyare`) .
• Mogya mmoroso (Hypertension) .
• Asikre dodow a ɛkɔ soro wɔ mogya mu (`Hyperglycemia`) .
• Cholesterol a Ɛdɔɔso
• Nkwammoaa mu Nkwammoaa mu Nyarewa
• Sigaretnom
• Obolo
• Nyarewa bi a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa

Tebea afoforo bɛn na Endothelial Dysfunction betumi de aba?

Saa tebea yi (Endothelial Dysfunction) ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya koma ne ntini mu nyarewa (Cardiovascular Diseases) ne nyarewa afoforo dodow bi no yɛ kɛse. Nhwɛsoɔ:

• Atherosclerosis ne Coronary Ntini mu Yare
• Mogya a Ɛtwetwe ne Akisikuru
• Koma a ɛtrɛw (Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy) .
• Komayare ne Koma a Ɛnyɛ Den
• Mogya mmoroso (Hypertension) .
• Asaabo a Ɛnyɛ Den
• Ntini a Ɛma Ntini a Ɛwɔ Akyi (PAD) .
• Ahurututu mu Ntini a Ɛma Nkɔso (PH) .
• Ntini nketewa mu Yare (Coronary Microvascular Disease) .

Dɛn ne nsɛnnennen a ɛwɔ tebea yi mu?

Endothelial Dysfunction betumi ama obi anya tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no Acute Coronary Syndrome . Eyi yɛ ahrawa mu ntini mu yare ahorow abiɛsa a wɔaka abom. Eyi ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ srade (plaque) a ɛwɔ mogya ntini bi mu bɛpaapae no yɛ kɛse. Nneɛma a ɛte saa a ɛpaapae no betumi asiw mogya a ɛkɔ koma ntini no mu no kwan na ama obi anya komayare.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wohu yare yi? (Nyare a Wɔahu) .

Nnuruyɛfo de mfoniniyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu ahorow di dwuma de hwɛ sɛnea mogya fa mogya ntini mu tẽẽ. Saa nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi betumi aboa oduruyɛfo no ma wahu sɛ ebia sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a ɛkyerɛ sɛ endothelial no ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye anaa. Saa sɔhwɛ ahorow yi bi ne:

• Electrocardiogram (`Ɛlektrɔnik koma ho mfonini - EKG`) .
• Angiogram, a Coronary Computed Tomography Angiogram (CCTA) ka ho.

Afei nso, wobetumi de ``Stress Imaging'' nhwehwɛmu ahorow bi adi dwuma de ahwɛ sɛ mogya a ɛfa wo mogya ntini mu no so atew anaa, a ebia ɛrema wo koma ayɛ adwumaden. Nhwɛso ahorow:

• Echocardiogram (`Koma mu nnyigyei ho mfonini - echo`) .
• MRI (`MRI`) na ɛyɛ.
• Positron Emission Tomography (PET mfoninitwa afiri) .

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa eyi? (Ayaresa)

Sɛ wowɔ coronary anaa peripheral artery disease (COPD) esiane endothelial dysfunction nti a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛw nnuru bi ama wo. Nhwɛsoɔ:

• Aspirin anaa nnuru a ɛma mogya yɛ mmerɛw.
• Nnuru a ɛhwɛ mogya mmoroso so, te sɛ calcium channel blockers.
• Nnuru a ɛtew srade so te sɛ statin.
• Nnuru a ebue mogya ntini te sɛ nitrates.

Afei nso, sɛ wowɔ Endothelial Dysfunction a, wubetumi atew wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no so denam nsakrae a wobɛyɛ wɔ w’aduan ne w’asetra mu no so . Eyinom bi ne:

• Aduan a ahoɔden wom a wobedi ne apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ daa.
• Nsã a wɔnom ano hye.
• Tew wo mu duru so (sɛ ɛho hia a) na kura mu duru a ɛfata mu.
• Akwan pa a wobɛfa so adi adwennwen ho dwuma a wobenya .
• Nya mmoa na ama woagyae sigaretnom na kwati sigaretnom.
• Tebea horow te sɛ mogya mmoroso, asikreyare, ne srade a ɛdɔɔso a wobedi so yiye.

Dɛn ne nnipa a wɔwɔ Endothelial Dysfunction no anidaso?

Wobetumi de asetra mu nsakrae ne nnuru asa Endothelial Dysfunction.Ɛyɛ tebea a wotumi sa yiye. Nanso, ebia nnipa binom a wɔwɔ nononobstructive coronary artery disease (NOCAD) no bɛkɔ so ayɛ wɔn koko mu yaw ɛmfa ho sɛ wɔasa wɔn yare no.

Saa koko mu yaw a enni sabea yi betumi asiw da biara da dwumadi ahorow kwan. Ebetumi nso de tebea horow te sɛ dadwen ne adwenemhaw aba. Adwene ne nneyɛe ho ayaresa, nnuru, ne akwan a wɔfa so di adwennwen ho dwuma betumi aboa.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wuhu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a edidi so yi a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara:

• Koko mu yaw
• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den
• Komayare ho sɛnkyerɛnne (sɛ nhwɛso no, koko mu yaw a emu yɛ den, ɛyaw a ɛhyerɛn kɔ fam benkum nsa, ɛyaw wɔ anom, fifiri, akisikuru) .
• Ɔbrɛ a ɛboro so a ntease biara nnim

Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mibisa me duruyɛfo?

Wubetumi abisa wo duruyɛfo nsɛm te sɛ eyinom:

• Dɛn nti na minyaa saa tebea yi (Endothelial Dysfunction)?
• So mihia nnuru?
• Nsakrae bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ meyɛ wɔ asetra mu ne aduan mu?
• So mewɔ asiane mu sɛ menya komayare? Mɛyɛ dɛn atumi atew saa asiane no so?
• So ɛsɛ sɛ mihu nsɛnnennen ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow?

Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie

Endothelial Dysfunction yɛ ahrawa mu ntini mu yare bi. Sɛ nitric oxide nnɔɔso wɔ wo mogya ntini no afasu mu a, ntini no mu yɛ teateaa. Saa teateaa yi ma mogya a ɛkɔ koma no mu no so tew. Saa tebea yi de angina, anaa koko mu yaw ba, na ɛma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya komayare no yɛ kɛse.

Nea eye sen biara ne sɛ, sɛ wuhu ntɛm na wonya ayaresa a ɛfata, na woyɛ nsakrae wɔ w’asetra mu nso a, wowɔ hokwan kɛse sɛ wobɛbɔ wo ho ban afi komayare a emu yɛ den ho. Enti, mmu w’ani ngu yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara so. Sɛ w’adwene mu yɛ wo naa a, nyansa wom sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ aduruyɛ mu afotu.

` Endothelial Dysfunction, Koma Yare, Mogya Ntini, Angina, Nitric Oxide, Mogya Nhyɛso, Cholesterol