Koma Yare & Nyinsɛn: Sɛ́ ɛna a ɔhwɛ kwan no, so wunim eyi?

Akokoaa a wobɛhwɛ kwan no yɛ mmere a anigye wom sen biara wɔ w’asetra mu no mu biako. Nanso bere koro no ara mu no, wo nipadua no refa nsakrae pii mu. Sɛ woyɛ saa nsakrae yi a, ɛtɔ mmere bi a wubetumi ate ehu nka kakra, titiriw bere a ɛfa komayare ho no. Nnipa pii suro a ɛho nhia efisɛ wonnim eyi ho nsɛm pii. Enti, ɛnnɛ yɛbɛka biribiara a ɛsɛ sɛ wuhu fa komayare ho wɔ nyinsɛn mu ho asɛm, tiawa na emu da hɔ.

Dɛn ne komayare bere a wɔyem?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ɔhaw biara a ɛka wo koma bere a woanyinsɛn no hyɛ saa kuw yi mu. Eyi betumi asi wɔ akwan titiriw abien so.

1. Koma mu yare a na ɛwɔ hɔ dedaw: Eyi kyerɛ komayare a na wowɔ ansa na worenyinsɛn. Ebia eyinom mfaa yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne anaa ɔhaw akɛse biara mmaa wo kan. Nanso, esiane nsakrae a ɛba wo nipadua mu wɔ nyinsɛn mu nti, tebea horow yi betumi aka wo wɔ ɔkwan soronko so na ɛde nsɛnnennen aba.

2. Komayare a efi ase foforo wɔ nyinsɛn mu: Eyinom yɛ tebea horow a na wunnya bi ansa na worenyinsɛn na ɛba saa bere yi mu. Bere a eyinom bi nyɛ asiane biara no, ebi betumi ayɛ nea asiane wom.

Nanso, ɛtɔ mmere bi a, saa tebea yi betumi de nsɛnnennen a emu yɛ den aba. Nokwarem no, wɔ aman te sɛ United States mu no, koma ne ntini mu yare ne ade titiriw a ɛma ɛnanom wuwu.

• Nnipa 3 biara mu 1 fi nyinsɛn mu owu fi komayare.
• Komayare ka nyinsɛn 100 biara mu bɛyɛ 4.
• Nneɛma te sɛ mogya mmoroso, kɛseyɛ mmoroso (nipadua mu duru a ɛkɔ soro), ne boro mfe 40 a obi adi no ma asiane yi yɛ kɛse bio.

Nsuro sɛ wobɛsua saa nneɛma yi. Eyinom yɛ nneɛma a ɛbɛma woahu. Sɛ woanyinsɛn anaa woreyɛ nhyehyɛe sɛ wubenyinsɛn a, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wuhu eyi. Ansa na ɛno bɛba no, ma yɛnte nea ɛto wo koma ne wo mogya ntini bere a wonyinsɛn no ase.

Dɛn na ɛto wo koma ne wo mogya ntini bere a woanyinsɛn no?

Wo nipadua no refa nsakrae a ɛyɛ nwonwa pii mu wɔ saa bere yi mu. Saa nsakrae yi de nhyɛso kɛse ba wo nipadua so na ɛsɛ sɛ wo koma yɛ adwumaden sen sɛnea ɛtaa yɛ. Nsakrae ahorow yi yɛ nea ɛfata. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhwɛ hu sɛ akokoaa a ɔrenyin wɔ awotwaa mu no benya mframa pa ne aduannuru dodow a ɛfata.

• Mogya dodow a ɛkɔ soro: Wo nipadua mu mogya dodow fi ase kɔ soro fi adapɛn kakraa a edi kan wɔ nyinsɛn no mu. Edu nyinsɛn no awiei a, wo mogya dodow akɔ soro bɛyɛ 40% - 45%. Kae sɛ eyi te saa efisɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wo ne wo ba no ma wo mogya no yɛ kɛse.
• Koma a ɛbɔ a ɛkɔ soro:Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wo koma bɔ bɛyɛ 10-20 simma biara wɔ saa bere yi mu. Eyi kɔ soro nkakrankakra, na ɛkɔ ne sorokɔ wɔ ɔsram abiɛsa a ɛto so abiɛsa no mu.
• Koma mu Nneyɛe: Eyi ne mogya dodow a wo koma bɔ wɔ simma biako mu. Eyi betumi akɔ soro 30% kosi 50% wɔ adapɛn 28 ne 34. Sɛ wokura mmanoma a, eyi betumi akɔ soro akodu 60%.

Ebia nsakrae yi bɛma woate nka sɛ:

• Ɔbrɛ a wontumi nnyina ano (Ɔbrɛ).
• Sɛ wote nka sɛ n’adwene atu afra.
• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den, te nka sɛ wo ho atɔ wo (Dyspnea).
• Palpitations (te nka sɛ wo koma rebɔ ntɛmntɛm).

Ɛha na ɛyɛ basaa kakra. Saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi taa ba wɔ nyinsɛn mu. Nanso, saa sɛnkyerɛnne koro yi ara nso betumi ayɛ komayare ho sɛnkyerɛnne . Enti, ɛwom mpo sɛ wowɔ komayare ho kɔkɔbɔ sɛnkyerɛnne de, nanso ebia wubesusuw sɛ, "Oo, eyi yɛ biribi a ɛfa nyinsɛn ho ara kwa." Ɛno nti na komayare bere a wɔyem no yɛ asiane kɛse no. Ebetumi ayɛ den sɛ wubehu sɛ ebia sɛnkyerɛnne bi yɛ nea ɛfata anaa biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ wohaw wo ho wɔ ho.

Sɛ wowɔ komayare a woadi kan anya a, asiane kɛse wom sɛ wubenya nsɛnnennen bere a wonyinsɛn no. Saa asiane yi gyina tebea ko a wowɔ ne sɛnea emu yɛ den so.

Na sɛ wowɔ komayare bi a atwam nso ɛ?

Koma mu yare ahorow bi ne asiane a ɛkɔ soro sɛ obenya nsɛnnennen wɔ nyinsɛn mu no wɔ abusuabɔ. Sɛ wowɔ tebea horow a wɔabobɔ din wɔ ase ha no bi a, ɛho hia sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo susuw asiane ahorow no ho ansa na woanyinsɛn.

Komayare a Wɔde Awo Wɔn

Eyinom yɛ wo koma ho haw ahorow a wowɔ wɔ awo mu. Eyinom bi betumi ayɛ nketenkete, bere a afoforo nso betumi ayɛ aniberesɛm kɛse. Mpɛn pii no, wɔsa mmofra a wɔwɔ tebea horow a emu yɛ den yare bere a wɔyɛ mmofra. Nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a, koma no da so ara tumi yɛ adwuma wɔ ɔkwan soronko so wɔ oprehyɛn akyi.

Enti sɛ wowɔ komayare bi a wɔde awo wo a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa ansa na woanyinsɛn. Ɔde wo bɛkɔ komayare ho oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Wɔbɛhwɛ asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenyinsɛn no mu na wɔama wo afotu a ɛho hia.

Nsɛnnennen a ɛtaa ba mmea a wɔyem a wɔwɔ komayare a wɔde awo wɔn so ne:

• Koma a ɛbɔ a ɛnteɛ (Arrhythmia) .
• Koma a Ɛnyɛ Den
• Fetal malformation anaasɛ awo a ɛba ntɛm

Tebea horow a asiane nnim:

• Ahurututu mu ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a ɛyɛ mmerɛw.
• "Akoma mu ntokuru" - (Atrial Septal Defects - ASDs) ne (Ventricular Septal Defects - VSDs) a wɔadi ho dwuma yiye.
• Wɔayɛ no yiye (Patent Ductus Arteriosus - PDA).

Tebea horow a asiane kɛse wom:

• Aortic valve stenosis a ɛwɔ bicuspid aortic valve.
• Aorta no a ɛyɛ den.
• Tetralogy of Fallot (wɔayɛ no aduru).
• Ntini akɛse no a wɔde si baabi foforo (wɔayɛ no yare).

Komayare afoforo pii wɔ hɔ a wɔde awo obi a enni saa din yi mu. Sɛ wɔankyerɛw wo tebea no wɔ ha mpo a, sɛ woresusuw ho sɛ wubenyinsɛn a, ɛho hia sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo kasa.

Koma ne ntini mu yare

Koma mu ntini mu yare yɛ ade titiriw a ɛde nsɛnnennen a emu yɛ den ne owu ba bere a wɔyem no. Asiane no gyina ɔkwan a wowɔ ne sɛnea emu yɛ den so. Sɛ wowɔ saa tebea yi a, ka asiane ahorow a ɛwom no ho asɛm ansa na woanyinsɛn.

Koma mu Valve Yare

Koma mu ntini mu yare ahorow pii wɔ hɔ a ebetumi aba wɔ wo nkwa nna mu. Valve nyarewa nketenkete bi nka nyinsɛn, bere a tebea horow bi a emu yɛ den ma asiane no yɛ kɛse. Sɛ wowɔ abakɔsɛm a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wowɔ valve yare a, bisa wo duruyɛfo sɛ ebia asiane biara nni ho sɛ wubenyinsɛn anaa.

Koma mu nyarewa foforo bɛn na ebetumi aba wɔ nyinsɛn mu?

Sɛ woannya komayare biara mpo a, ebia wubenya koma anaa mogya ntini mu haw foforo bere a wonyinsɛn no. Momma yɛnhwɛ nea wɔyɛ.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobetumi ahu komayare ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no, komayare ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow bi te sɛ nyinsɛn mu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛte saa ara, enti ɛho hia sɛ wohu nsonsonoe a ɛda abien no ntam.

Ka sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a wuhu nyinaa kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo. Sɛ wubetumi akyerɛw saa nneɛma yi ato nhoma mu a, anka ɛbɛyɛ papa.

• Nsɛnkyerɛnne a worete nka no.
• Da ne bere a wɔde yɛ adwuma.
• Sɛnea emu yɛ den (wɔ nsenia a efi 1-10 so).
• Nea na woreyɛ saa bere no (e.g., apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ, fie nnwuma a woreyɛ, ahomegye).

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobedi komayare ho dwuma bere a wɔyem?

Wobetumi adi komayare a ɛwɔ nyinsɛn mu ho dwuma denam ayaresa a ɛfata ne wo ho a wobɛhwɛ so wɔ wo fam so. Nneɛma bi a wubetumi ayɛ ni:

• Mma aduruyɛ a wobɛkɔ akɔhwɛ no nmpa wo ti so: Ɛho behia sɛ awo ho oduruyɛfo ne komayare ho oduruyɛfo nyinaa hwɛ wo so. Mma nhyehyɛe biara nmpa wo ti so. Ɛho behia sɛ woyɛ nhwehwɛmu daa (echocardiograms) de hwɛ sɛnea wo koma reyɛ adwuma.
• Kwati sɛ wobɛma wo mu duru ayɛ kɛse dodo: Bisa wo duruyɛfo no mu duru dodow a wubetumi ayɛ dwoodwoo bere a wonyinsɛn no ho asɛm.
• Kwati adwennwen: Twe wo ho fi nneɛma a ɛhaw wo ho sɛnea wubetumi biara. Hwehwɛ akwan a wobɛfa so ama w’adwene adwo. Sɛ wo duruyɛfo ma ho kwan a, nneɛma te sɛ yoga a wɔyɛ ansa na wɔawo no betumi aboa.
• Di aduan a ahoɔden wom: Kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn wɔ nnuan a ɛsɛ sɛ wudi ne nea ɛnsɛ sɛ wudi ho. Mpɛn pii no, tew nkyene, asikre, srade a ɛyɛ den, ne trans srade so.
• Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a ahobammɔ wom: Bisa wo duruyɛfo no apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ ahorow a ɛfata wo ne mpɛn dodow a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ. Ɛsɛ sɛ wokwati dwumadi ahorow a ɛde ɔhaw kɛse ba wo koma so.

Nnuru a wɔde ma bere a wɔyem

Nnuru a wɔakyerɛw ama wo a wobɛnom sɛnea wɔakyerɛw ama wo no yɛ wo nhyehyɛe a wode bedi dwuma no fã titiriw. Koma mu nnuru bi nyɛ nea asiane biara nni ho wɔ nyinsɛn mu, enti ebia wo duruyɛfo no bɛyɛ nsakrae wɔ wo nnuru no mu.

Nnuru ahorow bi a ahobammɔ nnim wɔ nyinsɛn mu:

• (Nnuru a esiw ACE ano) .
• (Angiotensin agyefo a wɔsiw ano - ARBs) .
• (Nnuru a ɛko tia aldosterone) .
• Nnuru bi a ɛma mogya yɛ mmerɛw te sɛ Warfarin

Susuw w’akwahosan ho bere a woawo akokoaa akyi ne w’akwahosan daakye nso.

Nsɛnnennen bi betumi aba akosi asram asia wɔ akokoaa no awo akyi. Enti, aduruyɛfo hwɛ ho hia yiye wɔ awo akyi mpo. Sɛ mpo wunni adagyew kɛse anaasɛ wobrɛ wɔ saa bere yi mu a, mma nna a ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn no nmpa wo ti so.

Sɛ wowɔ komayare anaa tebea bi a ɛfa ho te sɛ preeclampsia anaa nyinsɛn mu asikreyare bere a wonyinsɛn a, ɛma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya koma ne ntini mu yare daakye no yɛ kɛse.

• Asikreyare a ɛba wɔ nyinsɛn mu no ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobenya komayare daakye no yɛ kɛse 68%.
• Nyinsɛn mu mogya mmoroso ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobenya komayare daakye no yɛ kɛse 67%.
• Preeclampsia ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi bewu wɔ komayare mu daakye no yɛ kɛse 75%.

Mma akontaabu ahorow yi nnyɛ wo hu. Fa wɔn sɛ kɔkɔbɔ sɛnkyerɛnne. Fa saa nimdeɛ yi yɛ nneɛma bi de bɔ wo ho ban fi komayare ho daakye. Sɛ woanya tebea a ɛte saa ara a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa bere a woawo wo ba no awie na wɔayɛ komayare ho nhwehwɛmu. Ɛdenam asetra mu nsakrae a wobɛyɛ na sɛ ɛho hia a, wobɛkɔ so akɔ koma ho oduruyɛfo nkyɛn so no, wubetumi akɔ so anya apɔwmuden bere tenten.

Sɛ wowɔ komayare na woreyɛ nhyehyɛe sɛ wubenyinsɛn a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa mprempren. Sua asiane ahorow ne sɛnea wubedi wo tebea no ho dwuma bere a wonyinsɛn no ho ade. Sɛ wunni komayare mpo a, ɛho hia sɛ wuhu komayare a wonhwɛ kwan. Sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa, wobɛtew asiane ahorow a ɛwɔ wo so, na woanya nyinsɛn a ahobammɔ ne apɔwmuden wom so no, wubetumi aboa ma woasiw komayare ano.