Yafunu mu yaw, mogya a ɛwɔ nsu mu? Ebetumi ayɛ Mmofra Polyposis Syndrome (JPS) .

So wo anaa obi a ɔwɔ w’abusua mu, titiriw abofra, yafunu taa yɛ wo yaw? So woahyɛ no nsow sɛ mogya kakra bi wɔ wo nsu mu? Anaasɛ wote nka sɛ woabrɛ na woayɛ ɔbrɛ? Yɛtaa bu saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi animtiaa sɛ yafunu mu yaw kɛkɛ anaasɛ aduan a wontumi nnyina ano. Nanso, ɛtɔ mmere bi a, na tebea bi a yɛntee ho asɛm pii, nanso akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ yehu ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi betumi afi mu aba. Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka tebea a ɛte saa biako ho asɛm, Juvenile Polyposis Syndrome (JPS).

Dɛn ankasa ne JPS?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, Juvenile Polyposis Syndrome (JPS) yɛ awosu mu tebea a ɛma nkɔso a ɛnteɛ ba yɛn aduan mu afasu (yafunu mu - GI kwan) no mu afasu so. Yɛfrɛ saa nyin ahorow yi wɔ aduruyɛ mu sɛ polyps . Fa no sɛ akisikuru ketewaa bi a ɛte sɛ bobe a ɛsensɛn dua bi so wɔ yɛn dwensɔtwaa mu. Saa na saa polyps yi yɛ.

Saa polyps yi betumi ayɛ yɛn aduan mu baabiara.

• Yafunu
• Wɔ dwensɔtwaa ketewa no mu
• Wɔ dwensɔtwaa kɛse (colon) mu .
• Rectum a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu

Nanso wɔtaa hu wɔ dwensɔtwaa kɛse ne akyi berɛmo mu. Ebia obi a ɔwɔ JPS no wɔ saa polyps yi fi kakraa bi kosi ɔhaha pii.

Afei ebia wubesusuw sɛ esiane sɛ ɛwɔ asɛmfua "mmofra" wɔ mu nti, eyi yɛ yare a ɛka mmofra nkumaa nkutoo. Ɛnyɛ ankasa. Asɛmfua "mmofra" a ɛwɔ ha no nkyerɛ mfe a yare no adi. Ɛkyerɛ sɛnea nkwammoaa a wohu bere a wɔfa polyp no na wɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwehwɛ mu no te. Nanso, mpɛn pii no, yare yi ho sɛnkyerɛnne fi ase da adi wɔ mmofraase anaa mmerantebere ne mmabaabere mu , mpɛn pii no ansa na wɔadi mfe 20.

So JPS ahorow atitiriw bi wɔ hɔ?

Yiw, wobetumi akyekyɛ JPS mu ayɛ no ahorow atitiriw abiɛsa. Saa nkyekyɛmu ahorow yi gyina polyps a ɛba no kɛse ne beae a ɛwɔ so.

Hena na onya saa tebea yi? So ɛyɛ awosu mu?

JPS fi awosu mu nsakrae bi, enti obiara betumi anya bi. Ɛyɛ tebea a ɛntaa nsi koraa. Wɔ wiase nyinaa no, nea ɛba no bɛyɛ mpem ɔha biara mu biako .

Yiw, wobetumi anya yare yi fi awo mu . JPS yɛ nea yɛfrɛ no wɔ aduruyɛ mu sɛ ``autosomal dominant`` tebea. Nea eyi kyerɛ ara ne sɛ sɛ abofra nya awosu mu nkwaadɔm a wɔayɛ no foforo a ɛde yare yi ba no biako fi ɛna no anaa agya no hɔ mpo a, ɛdɔɔso sɛ abofra no benya saa yare yi.

• JPS ayarefo bɛyɛ 75% nya tebea no fi wɔn awofo hɔ.
• Wɔ nsɛm 25% a aka no mu no, yare no betumi aba esiane nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae a ɛba ara kwa wɔ abofra no nipadua mu nti, ɛwom mpo sɛ awofo no nni saa awosu mu nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae yi de.

Dɛn ne JPS ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow?

Saa yare yi ho sɛnkyerɛnne titiriw ne polyps a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no a ɛba dwensɔtwaa mu. Esiane sɛ wɔhyehyɛ eyinom wɔ nipadua no mu nti, yentumi mfi akyi nhu. Mpɛn pii no, ebia polyps renkyerɛ sɛnkyerɛnne biara kosi sɛ ɛbɛyɛ kɛse kakra anaasɛ wɔn dodow bɛkɔ soro. Nanso sɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow fi ase da adi a, ebetumi ayɛ te sɛ eyi.

Su afoforo a wotumi hu wɔ awo mu

JPS ayarefo bɛyɛ 15% wɔ nipadua mu nneɛma afoforo a ɛnteɛ wɔ awo mu de ka dwensɔtwaa mu polyps ho.

• Anofafa ne anom a apaapae
• Nsateaa anaa nansoaa foforo a wobenya (Polydactyly) .
• Amemene, koma, anaa nsu a wɔde gu nipadua mu no nkɔso a ɛnteɛ
• Ntini a wɔkyinkyim (Malrotation) .

So abusuabɔ bi wɔ JPS ne kokoram ho asiane ntam?

Eyi ne ade a ɛho hia sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ wuhu fa saa yare yi ho. Polyps a ɛba esiane JPS nti no nyɛ kokoram (benign) mfiase no. Wɔyɛ akisikuru a ɛfata. Nanso, bere kɔ so no, asiane kɛse wɔ hɔ sɛ saa polyps yi bɛdan kokoram.

Enti, obi a ɔwɔ JPS no wɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ obenya kokoram ahorow a edidi so yi:

• Kokoram a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu
• Yafunu mu kokoram
• Kokoram a ɛba dwensɔtwaa nketenkete mu
• Kokoram a ɛwɔ dwensɔtwaa mu

Nsuro eyi. Eyi nkyerɛ sɛ obiara benya kokoram. Nanso ɛkyerɛ sɛ asiane no dɔɔso. Ɛno nti na ɛho hia yiye sɛ wubehu yare no wɔ bere a ɛfata mu na woayɛ nhwehwɛmu wɔ bere a ɛfata mu sɛnea wo duruyɛfo kamfo kyerɛ no.

Dɛn ne ade pɔtee a ɛde JPS ba?

Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no, eyi yɛ awosu mu tebea. Nsakrae a ɛba awosu mu nkwaadɔm abien a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu a wɔfrɛ no BMPR1A ne SMAD4 mu titiriw na ɛde JPS ba.

Sɛ yɛbɛte eyi ase a, momma yɛmfa nhwɛso tiawa bi nni dwuma. Fa no sɛ nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu no te sɛ kar a ɛwɔ kwan so. Awosu mu nkwaadɔm abien a wɔfrɛ no BMPR1A ne SMAD4 te sɛ kar polisifo. Wɔhwɛ nkwammoaa nyin ne mpaapaemu so, na wɔma nsɛnkyerɛnne "OK, kyekyɛ mprempren" ne "OK, gyae mprempren."

Sɛ awosu mu nkwaadɔm abien yi sesa, te sɛ bere a saa kar polisifo no nni hɔ a, nkwammoaa no ntumi nni so. Wofi ase kyekyɛ mu wɔ ɔkwan biara a wɔpɛ so, na wɔyɛ ntɛmntɛm. Saa na saa nkwammoaa a ɛpaapae a wontumi nni so yi bom yɛ saa akisikuru a wɔfrɛ no polyps yi.

JPS akyi no, nnipa a wɔwɔ SMAD4 awosu mu nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae no wɔ asiane mu sɛ wobenya awosu mu tebea foforo a wɔfrɛ no hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT).

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobetumi ahu yare yi?

Sɛ woka wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo a, ɔbɛhwehwɛ wo mu na wabisa w’abusua aduruyɛ ho abakɔsɛm. Sɛ wopɛ sɛ wuhu JPS a, anyɛ yiye koraa no, ɛsɛ sɛ wunya nea edidi so yi mu biako:

• Polyps anum anaa nea ɛboro saa a ɛwɔ dwensɔtwaa kɛse ne/anaasɛ akyi berɛmo mu.
• Polyps a ɛwɔ mmeae afoforo wɔ aduan a wɔyam no mu.
• Anyɛ yiye koraa no, sɛ wowɔ polyp biako ne abusua abakɔsɛm a ɛfa JPS ho.

Nhwehwɛmu atitiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ a wɔde si yare yi so dua.

1. Endoscopic exam / Colonoscopy: Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wɔde afiri a ɛyɛ tratraa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a mfoninitwa afiri ne hann fa akyi berɛmo no mu bɛhyɛ mu de ahwehwɛ dwensɔtwaa kɛse no mu nyinaa ne aduan mu ntini no mu. Eyi betumi aboa ma woahu sɛ ebia polyps wɔ hɔ, dodow a ɛwɔ hɔ, ne baabi a ɛwɔ. Bere a wɔreyɛ nhwehwɛmu no, wobetumi ayi polyps nketenkete na wɔafa ntini mu nhwɛsode (biopsy) de ayɛ nhwehwɛmu.

2. Awosu mu mogya mu nhwehwɛmu: Wɔfa mogya bi na wɔsɔ hwɛ sɛ ebia BMPR1A anaa SMAD4 awosu mu nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae a ɛde JPS ba anaa. Eyi betumi asi yare no so dua 100% wɔ bere no mu.

Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow a wɔde sa JPS?

Botae titiriw a ɛwɔ JPS ayaresa mu ne sɛ wobeyi polyps no afi hɔ.Eyi betumi adi yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow so na ɛtew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya kokoram daakye no so. Wo duruyɛfo no begyina mfe a woadi, w’akwahosan, polyps dodow, ne beae a ɛwɔ so akyerɛ ayaresa a eye sen biara ma wo.

Akwan pii wɔ hɔ a wɔfa so sa yare:

• Polyps a wobeyi afi hɔ bere a wɔreyɛ colonoscopy: Sɛ polyps no sua na ne kɛse sua a, wobetumi de adwinnade koro no ara a wɔde yɛ nhwehwɛmu no atwitwa na wɔayi afi hɔ.
• Oprehyɛn a wɔde yi polyps: Sɛ polyps no sõ anaasɛ ɛwɔ baabi a ɛyɛ den sɛ wɔde colonoscope bɛkɔ a, ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn.
• Oprehyɛn a wɔde yi akyi berɛmo no fã bi: Sɛ wɔtrɛw polyps pii mu wɔ baabi biako a, nnuruyɛfo betumi asi gyinae sɛ wɔbɛyɛ oprehyɛn ayi saa akyi berɛmo no fã no nyinaa afi hɔ.

Sɛ mmofra nkumaa wɔ polyp biako pɛ a, wɔtaa yi bere a wɔreyɛ colonoscopy no. Wɔntaa nyɛ oprehyɛn mma mmofra.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobedi yare no ho dwuma bere a wɔahu sɛ obi anya bi awie no?

JPS yɛ tebea a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhwɛ so bere tenten. Sɛ yɛsa polyps no yare na woyi fi hɔ wie a, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhwɛ yɛn bere nyinaa hwɛ sɛ ɛsan nyin anaasɛ foforo ba anaa. Ɛno nti na yɛyɛ screenings .

Wo duruyɛfo bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi wɔ nhyehyɛe a wɔahyɛ da ayɛ mu.

• Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu
• Colonoscopy a wɔde hwɛ nipadua no mu
• Endoscopy a ɛwɔ soro

Wɔtaa yɛ sɔhwɛ a edi kan no bere a sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no da adi ara pɛ anaasɛ ansa na wɔadi mfe 15. Sɛ sɔhwɛ no mu aba ye a, wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ san yɛ nhwehwɛmu no bio mfe 3 biara. Nanso, sɛ wowɔ polyps na wɔayi afi hɔ a, ebia ebehia sɛ woyɛ nhwehwɛmu afe biara . Sɛ polyps no ansan ansan a, wobetumi ama bere a ɛda sɔhwɛ ahorow no ntam no akɔ soro akodu mfe 3.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a yɛaka ho asɛm no bi, titiriw mogya a ɛwɔ wo nsu mu , mmu w’ani ngu so da. Ebetumi ayɛ akisikuru a ɛnyɛ den, anaasɛ ebetumi ayɛ tebea bi a emu yɛ den kɛse te sɛ JPS ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Enti, kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara.

Afei nso, sɛ obi a ɔwɔ w’abusua mu anya JPS pɛn, anaasɛ woanya kokoram wɔ wo dwensɔtwaa mu wɔ wo mmofraase a, nyansa wom sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛka ho asɛm na sɛ ɛho hia a, wobɛyɛ awosu mu nhwehwɛmu, sɛ wunni sɛnkyerɛnne biara mpo a.