Mogya ntini nketenkete a ɛwɔ koma no mu no yare? Momma yɛnka (Microvascular Coronary Disease) ho asɛm .

So ɛtɔ mmere bi a wote ɛyaw bi a ɛyɛ nwonwa anaasɛ wo koko mu yɛ den? Sɛ ɛba saa a, ehu ka yɛn na yɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Bere a oduruyɛfo no ayɛ nhwehwɛmu te sɛ ECG ne scan akyi mpo no, ɔka sɛ, "Mogya ntini akɛse a ɛwɔ koma no mu no nsiw kwan biara." Afei ebia yebesusuw sɛ, "Ɛnde dɛn nti na koko mu yaw yi?" Nokwarem no, ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɛnyɛ koma no mu mogya ntini akɛse no na ɛde eyi ba, na mmom mogya ntini nketenkete paa a efi mu ba no. Ɛno ne tebea a yɛreka ho asɛm nnɛ, `Microvascular Coronary Disease` anaa `Small Vessel Disease`.

Dɛn ne Microvascular Coronary Disease?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, eyi yɛ yare a ɛka mogya ntini nketenkete paa a ɛwɔ yɛn koma mu no. Fa no sɛ yɛn koma te sɛ kurow kɛse bi. Saa kurow yi wɔ akwan akɛse (eyinom ne ahrawa mu ntini akɛse) a ɛma mogya ne mframa pa. Nanso sɛ wubesian afi saa akwan akɛse no so na woakɔ ofie ne sotɔɔ biara a ɛwɔ kurow no mu mu a, wuhia akwan nketewa a ɛwɔ nkyɛnkyɛn, akwan a wɔde abo ayɛ, ɛnte saa? Saa ara nso na mogya ntini nketenkete biara a ɛwɔ yɛn koma ntini mu no nam mogya ntini a ɛyɛ fɛ yiye a ɛnyɛ den nsen nhwi nhama bi so na ɛde mogya, mframa pa ne aduannuru ba. Eyi ne nea yɛfrɛ no `(coronary microvasculature)`.

Wɔ tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no `Microvascular Coronary Disease` mu no, ɛwom mpo sɛ saa akwan akɛse no wɔ tebea pa mu de, nanso akwan nketewa yi asɛe na ɛnyɛ adwuma yiye. Afei koma ntini no nnya mframa pa ne aduannuru a ehia no.

Edin afoforo pii wɔ hɔ a wɔde frɛ tebea yi. Ebia wo duruyɛfo de edin ahorow yi mu biako bedi dwuma:

• Ntini nketewa mu yare
• Ntini nketewa mu yare
• Koma mu X yare
• Microvessel yare
• Koma mu yare a ɛnyɛ nea esiw kwan

Ɔkwan bɛn so na eyi yɛ soronko wɔ komayare a ɛfata (Coronary Artery Disease) ho?

Nnipa pii ma abien no adwene tu fra efisɛ saa nyarewa abien yi nyinaa ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya komayare no yɛ kɛse. Nanso, ɛsono sɛnea abien no yɛ adwuma koraa. Momma yɛnte saa nsonsonoe yi ase yiye.

Hena na ɔwɔ asiane kɛse sɛ obenya saa tebea yi?

Saa tebea yi taa ba mmea so sen mmarima, titiriw bere a wɔagyae brayɛ ne bere a estrogen dodow so tew wɔ nipadua no mu no.

Nea ɛka ho no, nnipa a wɔwɔ nea edidi so yi nso wɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ wobenya saa yare yi:

• Asikreyare a obi wɔ .
• Mogya mmoroso .
• Sɛ́ srade srade dɔɔso wɔ mogya no mu .
• Kɛse mmoroso ne mu duru a ɛkɔ soro.
• Sigaretnom .
• Asetra a wɔtra ase a wɔtra ase a wɔmfa apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ nka ho .
• Nkyene, srade a ɛyɛ dɛ, ne nnuan a wɔayɛ ho adwuma pii a wobedi .
• Nyarewa a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa te sɛ lupus anaa ntini mu yare a obi nya.

Dɛn nti na saa yare yi ba?

Wɔ koma a ɛte apɔw mu no, ntini nketenkete a ɛwɔ mogya ntini nketenkete yi afasu mu no hwɛ mogya no so denam twetwe ne ahomegye a ɛtwetwe sɛnea ɛho hia no so. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ yɛteɛteɛ yɛn apɔw mu a, koma no hia mogya pii, enti saa ntini yi trɛw na ɛbɔ mogya pii. Sɛ yɛregye yɛn ahome a, wɔsan kɔ wɔn gyinabea a na wɔtaa yɛ no mu.

Nanso wɔ `Microvascular Coronary Disease` mu no, mogya ntini nketewa yi mu afasu no asɛe. Saa ɔsɛe yi sɛe wɔn dwumadi. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, saa akwan yi tumi twetwe denneennen mpofirim (spasms). Afei mogya a ɛkɔ koma ntini no mu no sɛe mpofirim, na ɛde sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ koko mu yaw ba.

Dɛn ne yare yi ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Yare yi ho sɛnkyerɛnne titiriw ne nea ɛtaa ba ne koko mu yaw a wɔfrɛ no angina . Nanso, ɛyaw yi betumi ayɛ soronko kakra wɔ ɛyaw a ɛba wɔ komayare a ɛfata mu no ho.

• Mpɛn pii no ɛkyɛ simma 10 anaa nea ɛboro saa .
• Saa ɛyaw yi betumi aba bere a wɔreyɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ ne bere a wɔregye wɔn ahome nso .
• Ɛyaw betumi ayɛ kɛse bere a adwene mu nhyɛso wɔ hɔ no .
• Wɔ nnipa binom fam no, ɛyaw yi ma ɛyɛ den ma wɔn sɛ wɔbɛyɛ da biara da nnwuma mpo yiye.

Wɔ koko mu yaw yi akyi no, sɛnkyerɛnne afoforo nso betumi aba:

• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ tiaa ne ahome a ɛyɛ den .
• Ɔbrɛ a ɛboro so a ntease biara nnim .
• Dae ho nsɛm, a nna a wontumi nna ka ho .

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobetumi ahu yare no pɛpɛɛpɛ?

Sɛ yɛbɛka nokware a, yare yi a wobehu no betumi ayɛ den kakra efisɛ mogya ntini nketenkete yi sua dodo sɛ wɔde koma mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔtaa yɛ no betumi ahu. Enti, sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛkɔ koma ho oduruyɛfo a ne ho akokwaw wɔ nyarewa ahorow yi mu nkyɛn.

Sika kɔkɔɔ gyinapɛn sɔhwɛ a wɔde hu yare yi yɛ sɔhwɛ titiriw bi a wɔfrɛ no `Cardiac catheterization with coronary flow reserve (CFR).` Eyi susuw sɛnea mogya ntini nketewa yi tumi trɛw ntɛmntɛm na ɛde mogya pii ma nipadua no ahiade.

Nea ɛka ho no, oduruyɛfo no betumi akamfo nhwehwɛmu afoforo pii akyerɛ:

• Nuklea koma mu nhyɛso ho sɔhwɛ (PET scan) .
• Koma mu MRI a wɔde perfusion gu mu

Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow a wɔde sa eyi?

Botae titiriw a ɛwɔ ayaresa mu ne sɛ ɛbɛma mogya ntini no ayɛ adwuma yiye, adi yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow so, na ɛbɛtew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ ɔhaw ahorow te sɛ komayare bɛba no so. Ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛw nnuru pii ama wo de aboa wo ma woayɛ eyi.

• Angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors: ɛboa ma wɔhwɛ mogya mmoroso so denam mogya ntini a ɛtrɛw so.
• Nnuru a ɛko tia mogya a ɛtwetwe: Nnuru a ɛmma mogya ntumi nkɔ.
• Aspirin: Ɛmma mogya mu nkwammoaa a ɛtwetwe mogya no ntumi nkɔ so na ɛtew mogya a ɛtwetwe no so.
• Beta-blockers: Hwɛ koma a ɛbɔ so na ɛtew mogya mmoroso so.
• Calcium channel blockers: Ma ntini a ɛwɔ mogya ntini no mu no dwo, na ɛtrɛw.
• Nnuru a ɛma mogya tu: Yi nsu ne nkyene a ɛboro so fi nipadua no mu, na ɛma mogya mmoroso so tew.
• Statins: Nnuru a ɛma mogya mu srade so tew.

Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ yɛyɛ de siw yare no ano na yɛadi so?

Nea ɛka nnuruyɛ ho no, nsakrae pa a ɛba yɛn asetra mu no ho hia yiye wɔ yare yi ano aduru mu.

• Di aduan a ahoɔden wom akyi: Tew nkyene, ngo, asikre, ne nnuan a wɔayɛ no foforo so, na di nhabannuru, nnuaba, atoko, ne nnuan a ahoɔdennuru wom pii.
• Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ daa: Anyɛ yiye koraa no, teɛteɛ w’apɔw mu simma 30 da biara, te sɛ nantew anaa mmirikatu. Sɛ woyɛ foforo wɔ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ mu a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa na sɛ ɛho hia a, susuw nhyehyɛe a wɔde bɛsan asiesie koma no ho.
• Kura wo nipadua mu duru a ɛfata mu.
• Ma mogya mmoroso ne asikre dodow a ɛwɔ mogya mu no nkɔ baabi a ɛfata.
• Sɛ wonom sigaret a, gyae koraa.

Ɛfa yare yi a wobɛtra ase ho

Nnuru pii a wode bedi dwuma na woayɛ asetra mu nsakrae te sɛ eyi no betumi ayɛ den kakra mfiase no. Nnuru bi betumi de ɔhaw ahorow te sɛ adwenemhaw aba.

Ebetumi aboa kɛse nso sɛ wobɛkyerɛw wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ne wo mogya mmoroso ho kyerɛwtohɔ, efisɛ eyi bɛboa wo duruyɛfo ma wahu wo tebea no ho mfonini pefee na wayɛ w’ayaresa no sɛnea ɛfata.