Mina míasrɔ̃ nu tso B lãmenugbagbeviwo ŋu le mɔ bɔbɔe aɖe nua? Wò ŋutilã takpɔnu sueawo!

Èbu eŋu kpɔ be ɖe aʋa makpɔmakpɔ aɖe le edzi yim le míaƒe ŋutilã me ɣesiaɣia? Ẽ, nyateƒee. Dzɔla sue siwo le míaƒe ŋutilã me wɔa avu kple dɔlékui siwo hea dɔléle siwo tso egodo vɛ. Ƒuƒoƒo vevi aɖe ŋutɔ le dzɔla mawo domee nye B lãmenugbagbevi siawo. Egbea míele nu ƒom tso B lãmenugbagbevi siawo kple alesi wokpɔa mía ta tso dɔlélewo me ŋu.

Nuka tututue nye B lãmenugbagbeviwo?

B lãmenugbagbeviwo, abe alesi míegblɔe va yi ene, nye ʋumenugbagbevi ɣi ƒomevi aɖe si le míaƒe ʋu me. Míeyɔa wo hã be `(B lymphocytes)`. B lãmenugbagbevi siawo nye wò dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe akpa vevi aɖe, si nye ŋutilãa ƒe ametakpɔnu si kpɔa tawò tso dɔléle me. Woƒe dɔ vevitɔe nye be woawɔ protein tɔxɛ siwo woyɔna be `(antibodies)` atsɔ awɔ avu kple `(dɔlékui)` siwo gblẽa nu le ame ŋu – nusiwo le abe dɔlékuiwo, dɔlékuiwo, kple dɔlékuiwo ene – siwo gena ɖe ŋutilã me.

B lãmenugbagbeviwo kple T lãmenugbagbeviwo nye lãmenugbagbevi ƒomevi eve siwo le ʋumenugbagbevi ɣi ƒomevi tɔxɛ aɖe si woyɔna be lymphocytes me. Lãmetsiŋusẽ siawo wɔa avu kple amedzidzelawo kple lãmenugbagbevi siwo mesɔ o abe kansa lãmenugbagbeviwo ene. T lãmenugbagbeviwo tsrɔ̃a dɔlékuiwo eye wowɔa ɖoɖo ɖe dɔlélenutsiŋutete ŋu to dzesiwo ɖoɖo ɖe ŋutilã ƒe akpa bubuwo me. Gake B lãmenugbagbeviwo ya wɔa dɔlékuiwutikewo le dɔlékuiwutikewo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ me. Antigens le abe ID-gbalẽviwo ene. Dɔlékuiwutike siawo kpena ɖe míaƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete ŋu wòdea dzesi nusiwo le míaƒe ŋutilã me, vevietɔ nusiwo gblẽa nu le ame ŋu abe dɔlékuiwo kple dɔlékuiwo ene.

B lãmenugbagbevi ƒomevi vevi kawoe?

Enyo, fifia ènya nusi B lãmenugbagbeviwo nye. B lãmenugbagbevi ƒomevi vevi evee li. Wonye plasma lãmenugbagbeviwo kple ŋkuɖoɖonudzi lãmenugbagbeviwo. Ƒomevi siawo evea siaa kpena ɖe mía ŋu míekpɔa mía ta tso dɔléle me. Na míakpɔ alesi wòawɔe ɖa.

Plasma me lãmenugbagbeviwo

Plasma lãmenugbagbevi siawoe ɖea dɔlékuiwutikewo ɖe go le dɔlékuiwutike siwo ŋu míeƒo nu tsoe va yi la ŋu. Bu eŋu abe tudada ɖe futɔ ŋu ne èkpɔe ene. Ne lãmenugbagbevi B nya trɔ zu ʋumenugbagbevi dzĩ ko la, ate ŋu aɖe dɔlékuiwutike siwo ade 2,000 ɖe go le sɛkɛnd ɖeka me! Ðe esia mewɔ nuku oa? Wogayɔa ʋumenugbagbevi siawo be plasmacytes kple effector cells. Gake woƒe agbenɔƒe le kpuie vie wu lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe agbenɔƒe.

Lãmenugbagbevi siwo ɖoa ŋku nu dzi

Ŋkɔa ɖee fia be ele nenema, alo? Lãmenugbagbevi siawo siwo ɖoa ŋku dɔlékuiwutike aɖewo koŋ dzi. Emegbe ne dɔlékuiwutike ma gatrɔ va míaƒe ŋutilã me le etsɔme la, míaƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete ate ŋu awɔ ametakpɔnu kaba, abe ɖe wòle dzadzram ɖo ene. Abe alesi míawɔ nu ɖe ​​futɔ si míenya ŋu kaba ene. Ne plasma lãmenugbagbeviwo wɔ dɔlékuiwutikewo hewɔ avu kple amedzidzelawo ɣemaɣi la, ŋkuɖodzinu lãmenugbagbeviwo kpena ɖe mía ŋu míewɔa aʋa siwo míawɔ le etsɔme. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, atikewɔmɔnu agbɔsɔsɔme si míekpɔna wɔa dɔe nye esi. Nusi atikewɔmɔnu wɔnae nye be enaa míaƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete dea dɔlékuiwutike aɖe me. Emegbe míaƒe ŋkuɖoɖonudzi lãmenugbagbeviwo ɖoa ŋku edzi. Ne dɔlékui ma gatrɔ va emegbe ŋutɔŋutɔ la, míaƒe ŋutilã ate ŋu adze edzi kaba.

Nukatae B lãmenugbagbeviwo le vevie na mí?

B lãmenugbagbeviwo nye míaƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete si trɔna ɖe nɔnɔmewo ŋu ƒe akpa vevi aɖe ŋutɔ. Fifia ɖewohĩ ànɔ nusi dɔlélenutsiŋutete si trɔna ɖe nɔnɔmewo ŋu nye la ŋu bum. Míaƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe akpa vevi eve li. Ðekae nye dɔlélenutsiŋutete si wodzina, eye eveliae nye dɔlélenutsiŋutete si trɔna ɖe nɔnɔmewo ŋu. Dzɔdzɔmeŋusẽ ƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete le abe ametakpɔnu gbãtɔ ene, eye wòwɔa nu ɖe ​​ŋɔdzinu ɖesiaɖe ŋu. Gake dɔlélenutsiŋutete si trɔna ɖe nɔnɔmewo ŋu la nye etɔxɛ wu. Edea dzesi ŋɔdzinu aɖe koŋ – si nye dɔlékui aɖe koŋ, dɔlékui aɖe, kple bubuawo – eye wòwɔa avu kplii.

Eyata nusi B lãmenugbagbeviwo wɔnae nye be wowɔa dɔlékuiwutike siwo tsrɔ̃a dɔlékuiwutike ma alo dɔlékui si bla ɖe dɔlékuiwutike ma ŋu. Azɔ hã, B lãmenugbagbeviwo te ŋu ɖoa ŋku dɔlékuiwutike aɖewo koŋ dzi. Emegbe ne dɔlékui ma gatrɔ va ŋutilãa me gbeɖeka la, míaƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete ate ŋu awɔ ametakpɔnu nyui aɖe ŋutɔ ɖe eŋu. Kpuie ko la, ne menye B lãmenugbagbeviwoe o la, míaƒe ŋutilã mate ŋu ade dzesi futɔ aɖewo koŋ, awɔ aʋawɔnu (dɔlékuiwutike) tɔxɛwo atsɔ awɔ avu kpli wo, eye wòaɖo ŋku futɔ mawo dzi ahawɔ nu kaba ne wotrɔ gbɔ o.

Aleke B lãmenugbagbeviwo wɔa dɔ le dɔlélenutsiŋutete me?

Togbɔ be enye nusi sesẽ ŋutɔ hã la, mina míadze agbagba ase egɔme bɔbɔe. B lãmenugbagbeviwo, kpakple lãmenugbagbevi bubu siwo le dɔlélenutsiŋutete me wɔa avu kple amedzidzela siwo gblẽa nu le mía ŋu siwo nana míedzea dɔ, kpakple lãmenugbagbevi siwo mesɔ o abe kansa lãmenugbagbeviwo ene. Ne wonya ‘wɔ dɔ’ ko la, eva zua plasma cell, si wɔa dɔlékuiwutikewo tsɔ wɔa dɔ ɖe dɔlékuiwutike aɖe ŋu, alo ezua ŋkuɖodzinu, si ɖoa ŋku dɔlékuiwutike ma dzi. To mɔ sia dzi la, ne egatrɔ va le etsɔme la, ate ŋu ade dzesii kaba ahawɔ avu kplii.

Zi geɖe la, ne dɔlélenutsiŋutete hiã B lãmenugbagbeviwo be wòawɔ avu kple amedzidzela aɖe la, afɔɖeɖe siwo dzɔna dometɔ aɖewoe nye esiawo:

• Gbã la, lãmenugbagbevi tɔxɛ aɖe si woyɔna be antigen-presenting cell (APC) léna ɖe amedzidzela ƒe antigen ŋu eye wògbãnɛ ɖe akpa suesuesuewo me. Emegbe APC la tsɔa antigen kakɛawo dea molecule aɖe si woyɔna be Major Histocompatibility-II complex (MHC-II) ŋu.
• Eyome, kpeɖeŋutɔ T lãmenugbagbeviwo (siwo hã nye T lãmenugbagbevi ƒomevi aɖe) gena ɖe eme eye woblana ɖe MHC-II ƒe ƒuƒoƒo ma ŋu. Kadodo siae naa kpeɖeŋutɔ T lãmenugbagbeviawo wɔa dɔ. Kpeɖeŋutɔ T lãmenugbagbevi siawo le vevie ŋutɔ elabena woawoe naa dzesi B lãmenugbagbeviwo be ‘woadze dɔ gɔme’.
• T lãmenugbagbevi si wowɔ dɔ la léna ɖe B lãmenugbagbevi aɖe ŋu. Emegbe B lãmenugbagbevi ma dzea eɖokui ƒe kɔpiwo wɔwɔ gɔme, alo ``clones.'' B lãmenugbagbevi siawo dometɔ aɖewo zua plasma lãmenugbagbeviwo, siwo ateŋu awɔ dɔlékuiwutikewo. B lãmenugbagbevi bubuwo va zua ŋkuɖodzinu eye wodzraa wo ɖo ɖe ŋutilãa me.
• Le ŋkeke ʋɛ siwo kplɔe ɖo me la, ʋumenugbagbevi dzĩwo wɔa dɔlékuiwutike miliɔn geɖe. Wowɔa dɔlékuiwutike siawo dometɔ ɖesiaɖe be wòatsrɔ̃ dɔlékui tɔxɛ si wɔ dɔlékuiwutike ma ko. Esia fia be futɔ ƒomevi ɖeka koe dɔlékuiwutike ɖeka ate ŋu atɔ ŋkui.
• Dɔlékuiwutike siawo léna ɖe dɔlékuiwutikea alo dɔlékui la ƒe akpa si ŋu dɔlékuiwutike ƒe dzesi le la ŋu. Ne dɔlékuia nya lé ɖe eŋu ko la, megate ŋu gblẽa nu le ŋutilãa ŋu o.

Bu eŋu abe kpovitɔwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ene. Gbã la, dzesi aɖe gena ɖe eme (antigen ƒe dzesidede to APC dzi). Emegbe ƒuƒoƒo tɔxɛ aɖe (kpeɖeŋutɔ T lãmenugbagbeviwo) va nɔa dɔa wɔm, si naa ƒuƒoƒo bubu (B lãmenugbagbeviwo) nyanya. Ƒuƒoƒo ma ƒe akpa aɖe yia aʋa me enumake (plasma cells), eye akpa bubu hã dzrana ɖo ɖe etsɔme ŋɔdzidonamewo ŋu (memory cells).

Afikae B lãmenugbagbeviwo le?

Afisi B lãmenugbagbeviwo le la toa vovo le woƒe tsitsi ƒe afɔɖeɖe nu. Bu eŋu kpɔ, ne fugboe nènye, si fia be le dawò ƒe dɔme la, wowɔa B lãmenugbagbeviwo le aklã me. Gake ne wodzi mí vɔ la, B lãmenugbagbeviwo va nɔa lãmenugbagbevi falɛfalɛ aɖe si le abe ƒumeŋuɖui ene me le míaƒe ƒuwo me. Emae míeyɔna be ƒumeŋuɖui. Wodzea egɔme abe ʋumenugbagbevi dzĩwo ene. Emegbe to mɔnu aɖe si woyɔna be hematopoiesis dzi la, wozua B lãmenugbagbeviwo. Ne wò B lãmenugbagbeviwo nya tsi bliboe ko la, wozɔa mɔ yia wò ʋukawo ƒe akpa veviwo. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, lãkusi kple ʋuka siwo me ʋu sina tona.

Nukawoe nye dɔléle siwo bɔ siwo ate ŋu adzɔ siwo do ƒome kple B lãmenugbagbeviwo?

Ne nane si mesɔ o dzɔ ɖe míaƒe B lãmenugbagbeviwo dzi la, ate ŋu ahe dɔléle siwo dɔlélenutsiŋutete wɔna kple kansa ƒomevi vovovowo vɛ. Na míalé ŋku ɖe nya ma ŋu.

Dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe dɔlélewo

Ɣeaɖewoɣi la, esiae dzɔna. Míaƒe B lãmenugbagbeviwo wɔa dɔlékuiwutikewo le dɔlékuiwutike siwo le mía ŋutɔwo ƒe lãmenugbagbevi siwo le lãmesẽ me ŋu. Emegbe, dɔlékuiwutike mawo dzea mía ŋutɔwo ƒe lãmenugbagbevi siwo le lãmesẽ me dzi abe ɖe wole dɔlékui si me afɔku le dzi dzem ene. Ele abe mía ŋutɔwo míaƒe ƒomea dzi dzedze ene. Emae nye nusi míeyɔna be autoimmune diseases. Kpɔɖeŋu ʋɛ aɖewoe nye esi:

• Lupus ƒe dɔléle
• Dɔléle si nye multiple sclerosis
• Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe ƒunukpeƒetetedɔ
• Suklidɔ ƒomevi 1 lia

Kansawo

Kansa ƒomevi vovovowo li siwo do ƒome kple B lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi si mesɔ o. Esia fia be B lãmenugbagbeviwo dzea dzidziɖedzi gɔme le mɔ si dzi womate ŋu aɖu o nu. Wo dometɔ aɖewoe nye:

• Ʋumenugbagbeviɣidɔ sesẽ si tsoa ʋumenugbagbeviɣidɔ me
• Ʋumenugbagbeviɣidɔ si nɔa anyi didi
• Hodgkin ƒe ʋumenugbagbeviɣidɔ
• Ʋumenugbagbeviɣidɔ si menye Hodgkin o
• B-lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe ʋumenugbagbeviɣidɔ `(B-lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe ʋumenugbagbeviɣidɔ)`
• Multiple myeloma ƒe dɔléle
• Waldenström ƒe ʋumenugbagbevi dzĩwo ƒe ʋumenugbagbeviɣidɔ

Nukae nye B lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe didime si sɔ?

Ʋumenugbagbevi dzĩ siwo ade 1,000 va ɖo 4,800 ye le ame tsitsi ɖeka si le mamã dedie nu le ʋu microlitre ɖeka me. B lãmenugbagbeviwo nye wò ʋumenugbagbevi dzĩwo katã ƒe 10% va ɖo 20%.

Gake ɖo ŋku edzi be ne wò B lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe xexlẽme sɔ gbɔ akpa alo bɔbɔ akpa ɣesiaɣi la, ate ŋu afia be dɔléle aɖe le ŋuwò. Ahiã be ɖɔkta nawɔ dodokpɔwo hafi anya kakaɖedzitɔe.

Nukawoe nye dodokpɔ siwo bɔ tsɔ léa ŋku ɖe nye B lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe lãmesẽ ŋu?

Wò ɖɔkta ate ŋu anya ʋumenugbagbevi agbɔsɔsɔme si le wò ŋutilã me to dodokpɔ bɔbɔe aɖe si woyɔna be Complete Blood Count (CBC) dzi. Gake menaa nyatakaka tso ʋumenugbagbevi dzĩ ƒomevi aɖewo koŋ, abe B lãmenugbagbeviwo kple T lãmenugbagbeviwo ene ŋu o.

Ne wò ɖɔkta susui be dɔléle aɖe le ŋuwò si do ƒome kple nusi mesɔ o le wò B lãmenugbagbeviwo me la, ate ŋu adɔ dodokpɔ bubu siwo ana nyatakaka tso ʋumenugbagbevi dzĩ ƒomevi aɖewo koŋ ŋu, abe ʋumenugbagbeviɣi ƒe nɔnɔme (T kple B lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe xexlẽme), alo B-cell leukemia/lymphoma panel ene.

Nukae míate ŋu awɔ be míaƒe B lãmenugbagbeviwo nanɔ lãmesẽ me?

Dzɔdzɔmemɔ aɖeke meli si dzi ame geɖe da asi ɖo be woatsɔ ‘ado ŋusẽ’ B lãmenugbagbeviwo o. Gake nanewo li nàte ŋu awɔ be wò dɔlélenutsiŋutete nanɔ lãmesẽ me eye nàkpɔ B lãmenugbagbevi siwo le asiwò xoxo la ta. Nu siawo dometɔ geɖe adze abe susu nyui ene, gake le nyateƒe me la, woxea mɔ na wò ŋutilã ƒe B lãmenugbagbeviwo, kple dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe nunɔamesi xɔasi bubuwo, be woagagblẽ o. Abe alesi ko míaƒe ʋuwo nɔa anyi didi wu ne wodzra wo ɖo nyuie ene.

Àte ŋu awɔ nusiawo be wò dɔlélenutsiŋutete nanɔ lãmesẽ me:

• Na atikewɔmɔnu siwo katã wokafu.
• Ƒo nuɖuɖu nyui si da sɔ.
• Dzra wò nuteɖeamedzia dzi nyuie.
• Ƒo asa na ahanono, alo nàzãe le mɔ si sɔ nu.
• Ƒo asa na atamanono (sigaret, vaping). Ne èwɔe la, dzudzɔ.
• Dɔ alɔ̃ gaƒoƒo adre va ɖo enyi ya teti zã sia zã.
• Mikpɔ gome le kamedede si sɔ me aɖabaƒoƒo 150 ya teti kwasiɖa sia kwasiɖa.
• Klɔ asi edziedzi kple adzalẽ alo zã asikɔklɔtike.

Vovototo kae le T lãmenugbagbeviwo kple B lãmenugbagbeviwo dome?

T lãmenugbagbeviwo, B lãmenugbagbeviwo, kple B lãmenugbagbeviwo siaa kpɔa mía ta tso dɔlékui siwo hea dɔléle vɛ la si me. Gake wowɔa akpa vovovowo le dɔlélenutsiŋutete me. T lãmenugbagbeviwo ɖoa dzesi siwo kpɔa dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dzi (woyɔa esiawo be kpeɖeŋutɔ T lãmenugbagbeviwo) alo wogblẽa dɔlékuiwo alo lãmenugbagbevi siwo ŋu dɔlélea le tẽ (woyɔa esiawo be cytotoxic T cells).

Gake B lãmenugbagbeviwo wɔa protein siwo woyɔna be dɔlékuiwutikewo tsɔ wɔa dɔ ɖe dɔlékuiwutikewo dzi, siwo nye dzesi siwo gblɔna na ŋutilãa be amedzidzela aɖe ge ɖe ŋutilãa me. Nu vevitɔe nye be menye B lãmenugbagbevi lae xea mɔ na amedzidzela la tẽ o, ke boŋ dɔlékuiwutike siwo B lãmenugbagbevi la wɔnae.

Mlɔeba la, nu siwo dzi wòle be woaɖo ŋkui

Eyata ne menye B lãmenugbagbeviwoe o la, míaƒe ŋutilã mate ŋu awɔ dɔlékuiwutikewo o. Dɔlékuiwutike siawo nye protein vevi ŋutɔ siwo kpena ɖe ame ŋu wòwɔa avu kple dɔlékui siwo gblẽa nu le ame ŋu. Tsɔ kpe ɖe ʋumenugbagbevi dzĩ bubuwo kple ʋumenugbagbevi ɣiwo ŋu la, wò B lãmenugbagbeviwoe nana nèvo tso dɔléle me eye wokpɔa tawò tso lãmenugbagbevi siwo mesɔ o me.

Eyata, lé be na wò B lãmenugbagbeviwo. Wɔ nu siwo akpe ɖe ŋuwò nàna wò dɔlélenutsiŋutete bliboa nanɔ lãmesẽ me gbesiagbe. Abe alesi míegblɔe va yi ene la, ɖu nu nyuie, dɔ alɔ̃ nyuie, de kame, ɖe nuteɖeamedzi dzi kpɔtɔ, eye nàdo wò atikewo ɖe game dzi. Nu bɔbɔe siawo ana dzɔla sue siawo siwo le wò ŋutilã me nado ŋusẽ gã aɖe.

` B lãmenugbagbeviwo, B ʋumenugbagbevi dzĩwo, dɔlékuiwutikewo, dɔlélenutsiŋutete, ʋumenugbagbevi dzĩwo, dɔlékuiwo, ʋumenugbagbevi dzĩwo, ŋkuɖodzi lãmenugbagbeviwo