Èse Ʋu-Ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe Mɔxenu, si nye wò ahɔhɔ̃ takpɔnu gãtɔ kekeake ŋu nya kpɔa?

Ahɔhɔ̃e nye ŋutinu si xɔ asi wu eye wòsesẽ wu le míaƒe ŋutilã me, alo? Eyata ahɔhɔ̃ sia léle ɖe asi le lãmesẽ me le vevie ŋutɔ. Abe ale si ko gli kple agbo le míaƒe aƒea ŋu be wòakpɔ eta ene la, dedienɔnɔ ƒe ɖoɖo tɔxɛ aɖe le míaƒe ahɔhɔ̃ hã ŋu. Emae nye nusi míeyɔna be ʋu-ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe mɔxenu alo ``Ʋu-Ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe Mɔxenu'', ``(BBB)'' kpuie. Egbea, mina míaƒo nu tso ametakpɔnu wɔnuku sia ŋu tsitotsito vie .

Nukae nye ʋu kple ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe mɔxenu?

Kpuie ko la, wò ʋu kple ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe mɔxenu (BBB) ​​nye lãmenugbagbevi siwo kpɔa ame ta siwo le ʋuka siwo le wò ahɔhɔ̃ me ƒe eme. Enye míaƒe ahɔhɔ̃ kple lãmekawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe akpa vevi aɖe ŋutɔ.

Togbɔ be ŋkɔa gblɔ be "mɔxenu" hã la, le nyateƒe me la, menye gli koe wònye o. Eɖi nusi wotsɔna tsia nu me wu, abe dzɔla si le ahɔhɔ̃a me ene . Eƒe dɔ vevitɔe nye be wòaɖe nu siwo gblẽa nu le ame ŋu la ɖa eye wòanɔ nyuiawo me. Ekpɔa alesi atike vovovowo (siwo míewɔna kple esiwo míexɔna tso egodo siaa) gena ɖe ahɔhɔ̃a me hedona le eme hã dzi. Ðe esia mewɔ nuku oa?

Nukae dzɔna le ʋu kple ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe mɔxenu (BBB) ​​gbɔ?

Le míaƒe ʋukawo me la, lãmenugbagbevi tɔxɛ aɖe si woyɔna be endothelium la le eme. Gake le ʋuka siwo le ahɔhɔ̃a me me la, endothelium sia to vovo vie.

Lãmenugbagbevi siawo siwo le ahɔhɔ̃a me siwo le ʋuka siwo le eme la ƒo ƒu ɖe wo nɔewo ŋu sesĩe ale gbegbe be teƒe sue aɖe gɔ̃ hã megali o. Aleae wò ʋu kple ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe mɔxenu (BBB) ​​la dzɔnae. Woƒo lãmenugbagbevi siawo nu ƒu sesĩe ale gbegbe be naneke mate ŋu ato wo me kpekpeɖeŋu manɔmee o. Wotsɔa nusiwo me ami le wɔa lãmenugbagbevi siawo ƒe gotagome lãkusi. Esia nye nya vevi aɖe ŋutɔ, eye mina míakpɔ nusitae ɖa.

Nukawoe nye nusiwo ate ŋu ato ʋu kple ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe mɔxenu (BBB) ​​me?

Nu aɖewo le sue ŋutɔ, si fia be woate ŋu ato `(BBB)` sia me. Nu bubu aɖewo ateŋu ato eme elabena wole `(lipid-soluble)` . Eyae nye be, ʋu kple ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe mɔxenu si me ami le ate ŋu axɔ wo evɔ womaɖe wo ɖa o. Ke hã, esesẽna na nusue siwo lolo wu, alo na nusue siwo me tsi le, be woato `(BBB)` sia me le wo ɖokui si.

Bu eŋu kpɔ, nu suesuesue gãwo mate ŋu ato lãmenugbagbevi mawo siwo le lãmenugbagbeviwo me siwo wobla ɖe wo nɔewo ŋu sesĩe la me o, elabena teƒe mesɔ gbɔ o. Esesẽna na nusiwo me tsi le be woato BBB la me, elabena BBB ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe lãkusiwo nye esiwo me ami le, eye wonya nusiwo me tsi le. Eyata ne nu gã siwo me tsi le abe nunyiame ene di be yewoage ɖe ahɔhɔ̃a me la, wohiã na ʋuɖoɖo ƒe kpekpeɖeŋu tɔxɛ aɖe .

Atike kple nu ƒomevi aɖewo siwo ate ŋu ato BBB la me (wo ɖeɖe alo kpekpeɖeŋu nana wo):

• Ahasesẽ
• Atike siwo naa alɔ̃dɔdɔ ame
• Blanuilélenutsitikewo
• Dzimaɖitsitsinutsitikewo
• Atike siwo tsia tagbɔdɔléle nu
• Atike siwo daa alɔ̃madɔmadɔ alo asrãdɔ
• Caffeine si woyɔna be caffeine
• Acetaminophen kple atike geɖe siwo me steroid mele o siwo tsia dzodzodzoetsitsi nu (NSAIDs) .
• Alɔ̃dɔdɔtikewo kple atike siwo naa ame ƒe dzi dzea eme (e.g., barbiturates, benzodiazepines) .

Atike ƒe hatsotso ʋɛ aɖewo siwo ate ŋu atso BBB la koe le xexlẽdzesi sia me. Atikewo ƒe hatsotso bubu geɖe ate ŋu awɔ esia. Le nyateƒe me la, nusiwo ate ŋu atso BBB la ƒe ŋkɔwo didi ŋutɔ. Le mɔnu siwo li fifia nu la, wode dzesi atike ƒomevi 5,000 kloe (atikewo hã le eme) siwo ate ŋu atso BBB la. Wozãa kɔmpiutadziɖoɖo kple ɖoɖowɔɖi siwo sesẽ ŋutɔ tsɔ dea dzesi esiawo.

Eyata nukae mate ŋu ato ʋu kple ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe mɔxenu (BBB) ​​me o?

Zi geɖe la, dɔlékuiwo , abe dɔlékuiwo alo dɔlékuiwo ene, kpakple aɖi geɖe mate ŋu ato BBB la me o. Esiae nye ametakpɔkpɔ gãtɔ kekeake si le BBB si.

Nɔnɔme kawoe bɔ siwo gblẽa nu le ʋu kple ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe mɔxenu ŋu?

Togbɔ be wò ʋu kple ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe mɔxenu (BBB) ​​le dedie ŋutɔ hã la, mede blibo 100% o. Nɔnɔmewo abe dɔdzẽ ene ate ŋu ana wòagbɔdzɔ. Atikewɔwɔ ƒe nɔnɔme bubuwo hã ate ŋu aɖe BBB ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dzi akpɔtɔ. Ne edzɔ alea la, nu gbegblẽwo alo dɔlékuiwo ate ŋu age ɖe ahɔhɔ̃a me. (Gake ɣeaɖewoɣi la, esia ate ŋu aɖe vi. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, dɔlékuiwutikewo abe penicillin si wozãna tsɔ daa ahɔhɔ̃medɔlélewo ene ate ŋu age ɖe eme bɔbɔe wu ne BBB la gbɔdzɔ.)

Nɔnɔme siwo gbɔdzɔa BBB ƒe blibonyenye dometɔ aɖewoe nye nɔnɔme siwo nu sẽ kple esiwo nɔa anyi didi siaa.

Nɔnɔme siwo ɖea `(BBB)` ƒe ŋusẽ dzi kpɔtɔna enumake

Esiawo nye lãmesẽkuxi siwo doa mo ɖa kpata alo esiwo do mo ɖa nyitsɔ laa. Kpɔɖeŋu aɖewoe nye:

• Ahɔhɔ̃ me dɔdzẽwo
• Ahɔhɔ̃ me dɔlélewo (e.g., Tagbɔdɔléle, Tagbɔdɔléle) .
• Ta ƒe abixɔxɔ, vevietɔ ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe ʋuʋu kple ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe abi si nu sẽ (TBI) .
• Carbon dioxide ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si le ʋu me ƒe dzidziɖedzi (Hypercapnia) .
• Cerebral hypoxia (oxygen ƒe anyimanɔmanɔ na ahɔhɔ̃a le esi oxygen ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si le ʋu me mesɔ gbɔ o ta) .
• Gbagbãdᴐ
• Alɔ̃madɔmadɔ, vevietɔ alɔ̃madɔmadɔ ƒe nɔnɔme si nɔa anyi ɖaa si woyɔna be ``Status Epilepticus''.

Nɔnɔme siwo ɖea `(BBB)` ƒe ŋusẽ dzi kpɔtɔna le ɣeyiɣi aɖe megbe

Esiawo nye nɔnɔme siwo nɔa anyi ɣeyiɣi didi, ɣeaɖewoɣi ɣleti geɖe, ƒe geɖe, alo woƒe agbemeŋkekewo katã gɔ̃ hã. Kpɔɖeŋuwo:

• Alzheimer ƒe dɔlélea
• Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) ƒe dɔléle si woyɔna be Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) ƒe Dɔléle .
• Hypercapnia si nɔa anyi didi si nɔnɔmewo abe COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) ene hena vɛ .
• Aɖuɖɔtoedɔ
• Frontotemporal Tagbɔdɔléle
• Ʋusɔgbɔdɔ (Hypertension) .
• Sukli ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ fũ le ʋu me (Hyperglycemia) kple nɔnɔme siwo do ƒome kplii abe Suklidɔ Ƒomevi 2 ene
• Ʋumemi ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si sɔ gbɔ ɖe ʋu me (Hyperlipidemia) .
• Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe Dɔléle si woyɔna be Multiple Sclerosis
• Ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe Dɔléle (NMO) .
• Parkinson ƒe dɔlélea

Eŋutinunyalawo susui be dɔléle bubu geɖe siwo nɔa anyi didi ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe BBB la dzi, gake numekuku bubuwo hiã be woatsɔ aɖo kpe esia dzi.

Dzesi alo dzesi kawoe nye ʋu kple ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe mɔxenu (BBB) ​​ƒe gbagbã ƒe dzesi alo dzesi siwo bɔ?

Le nyateƒe me la, mɔ aɖeke meli si me kɔ fifia si dzi woato anya kuxi aɖe le BBB la ŋu tẽ o. Dodokpɔ aɖewo siwo wowɔna le nudokpɔƒe, vevietɔ esiwo doa ahɔhɔ̃mekawo kpɔna, ate ŋu afia be kuxi aɖe le BBB la ŋu le mɔ si mele tẽ o nu. Gake zi geɖe la, wokpɔa nɔnɔme siwo me BBB ƒe gbagbã le la kple dzesi bubu siwo medo ƒome kple mɔxenua o.

Fifia eŋutinunyalawo le agbagba dzem be yewoakpɔe ɖa be yewoate ŋu agbɔdzɔ BBB la hena ɣeyiɣi aɖe to mɔnu aɖe si woyɔna be magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound zazã me hã. Ne woate ŋu awɔ ema la, ahɔhɔ̃a me nu suesuesue aɖewo ate ŋu atsaka kple ʋua eye woate ŋu ade dzesi wo bɔbɔe. Ðewohĩ nu suesuesue mawo ate ŋu anye nu vevitɔ si ana woade dzesi nuwo abe ahɔhɔ̃mekansa, Alzheimer-dɔléle, kple Parkinson-dɔléle ene kaba. Ate ŋu akpe ɖe atike aɖewo hã ŋu be woage ɖe ahɔhɔ̃a me atsɔ ada nuwo abe kansa ene. Gake numekuku sia gakpɔtɔ le eƒe gɔmedzedze. Numekuku geɖe wu hiã be woatsɔ anya nenye be esia anya wɔ ŋutɔŋutɔ.

Ðe atikewɔmɔnu siwo bɔ siwo tɔa ŋku ʋu kple ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe mɔxenu (BBB) ​​li?

Fifia la, atikewɔmɔnu aɖeke meli si ku ɖe wò ʋu kple ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe mɔxenu (BBB) ​​ŋu tẽ o. Ke boŋ ɖɔktawo daa atikewɔwɔ me nɔnɔme siwo le ete siwo ate ŋu agblẽ nu le BBB la ŋu. Kpɔɖeŋu aɖewoe nye esi:

• Atike siwo wozãna na ʋusɔgbɔdɔ, ʋumemi, alo sukli ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si sɔ gbɔ ɖe ʋu me.
• Atikewɔwɔ be ʋua nagazɔ ayi ahɔhɔ̃a me le ʋusɔgbɔdɔ si dzɔna ne ʋu ƒe sisi yi ahɔhɔ̃a ƒe akpa aɖe nu tso le ʋuka aɖe ƒe xexe ta.
• Atike siwo wozãna tsɔ tsia ʋuʋudedi nu.
• Ahɔhɔ̃ me kansa dada.

Nukae mate ŋu awɔ be nye ʋu kple ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe mɔxenu (BBB) ​​ƒe lãmesẽ nanɔ anyi?

Le nyateƒe me la, mɔ aɖeke meli si dzi woato axe mɔ ɖe tɔtɔ siwo ava `(BBB)` la nu tẽ o. Ke boŋ nu nyuitɔ si woawɔe nye be nàƒo asa na nɔnɔme alo nɔnɔme siwo ate ŋu agblẽ `(BBB)` la me. Nu siwo nàte ŋu awɔ dometɔ aɖewoe nye esi:

• Ðu nuɖuɖu si da sɔ eye nàlé wò lolo si naa lãmesẽ me ɖe asi. Nɔnɔme siwo gblẽa nu le ʋu ƒe sisi ƒe lãmesẽ ŋu, vevietɔ ʋusɔgbɔdɔ, ate ŋu agblẽ ʋu kple ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe mɔxenu me. Kpekpeme si sɔ na wò me léle ɖe asi kple asitɔtrɔ le wò nuɖuɖu ŋu le wò ɖɔkta ƒe aɖaŋuɖoɖo nu le vevie ŋutɔ. Esiawo ate ŋu akpe ɖe ame ŋu be woaxe mɔ ɖe ʋusɔgbɔdɔ nu, alo ne mede ɖeke o la, woahe eƒe sesẽ ɖe megbe alo aɖe edzi akpɔtɔ. Ekpena ɖe ŋuwò hã be nàkpɔ wò BBB ta.
• Mègaŋe aɖaba ƒu dɔlékuiwo dzi o.Dɔlékui siwo le teƒewo abe ŋku kple to ene ate ŋu akaka eye wòana abi nadze ame dzi, si agblẽ BBB la me. Ne edzɔ alea la, dɔlékuia ate ŋu age ɖe ahɔhɔ̃a me eye wòahe nɔnɔme sesẽwo vɛ, eye wòawu ame gɔ̃ hã.
• Do dedienɔnɔ ƒe nuzazãwo. Ta ƒe abi ate ŋu agblẽ nu le BBB la ŋu. Dedienɔnɔ ƒe dɔwɔnuwo dodo – vevietɔ gakuku kple zikpuimeka (alo dedienɔnɔ ƒe ka bubuwo) ne èle ʋuwo me – ate ŋu akpe ɖe ŋuwò nàxe mɔ ɖe ta ƒe abi siwo ate ŋu agblẽ nu le wò BBB ŋu nu.
• Dzra wò lãmesẽnyawo ɖo. Nɔnɔme siwo nɔa anyi didi abe Suklidɔ Ƒomevi 2, ʋusɔgbɔdɔ, ʋumemi ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ, kple asrã ate ŋu agblẽ nu le BBB kple ʋuka siwo ƒo xlãe ŋu. Nɔnɔme siawo dzi ɖuɖu, eɖanye atike alo atike bubuwo zazã o, nye afɔɖeɖe vevi aɖe si nàte ŋu aɖe atsɔ akpɔ wò ʋu kple ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe mɔxenu ta.

Aleke ɖɔktawo zãa nusi wonya tso ʋu kple ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe mɔxenu (BBB) ​​ŋui?

Wò ``(BBB)`` nye nu vevi aɖe ŋutɔ ne èle atikewɔwɔ ƒe nɔnɔme geɖewo dam le ahɔhɔ̃a me kple egodo. Elabena, ne atikewɔwɔ geɖe – vevietɔ atikewo – ateŋu ato ``(BBB)`` me la, ateŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe wò ahɔhɔ̃ dzi le mɔ si mele tẽ o nu.

Ɣeaɖewoɣi la, ele be ɖɔktawo nawɔ dɔ tso BBB la ŋu. Esia le alea elabena ɣeaɖewoɣi la, BBB wɔa nusi tututu wòle be wòawɔ! Ðewohĩ atike siwo ate ŋu ada dɔlékuiwo alo kansa le ahɔhɔ̃a me mate ŋu ato BBB la me o.

Abe egbɔkpɔnu ene la, eŋutinunyalawo le atike siwo wowɔ etɔxɛe be woato BBB la zãm. Abe "Trojan sɔ ƒe mɔnu" ene la, wotsɔa atikeawo "dea agba" ɖe dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo alo nusue bubu siwo ateŋu ato BBB me eye woatsɔ wo ayi ahɔhɔ̃a me. Aɖaŋutɔe ŋutɔ, alo?

Míezãa mía ŋutɔwo ƒe dzɔdzɔme atikewo hã tsɔ toa BBB la ŋu. Esia ƒe kpɔɖeŋu nyui aɖee nye atike si nye levodopa zazã atsɔ ada Parkinson ƒe dɔlélea. Parkinson ƒe dɔlélea dzɔna ne atike si nye dopamine, si hiã be woatsɔ akpɔ lãmekawo ƒe ʋuʋu dzi la mesɔ gbɔ ɖe ahɔhɔ̃a ƒe akpa aɖewo o. Dopamine mate ŋu atso BBB la o, gake levodopa ya ate ŋu atsoe. Ne enya ge ɖe ahɔhɔ̃a me ko la, levodopa trɔna zua dopamine. Esia ɖea Parkinson ƒe dɔlélea ƒe dzesiwo dzi kpɔtɔna.

Amekae ke ɖe ʋu kple ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe mɔxenu (BBB) ​​ŋu? Aleke wowɔ va ke ɖe eŋu ne ele sue nenema gbegbe?

Nyatakakatsoƒe geɖe gblɔ be dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunyalawo abe Paul Ehrlich alo Max Lewandowsky ene ye ke ɖe mɔxenua ŋu le ƒe 1800 ƒeawo ƒe nuwuwu kple ƒe 1900 ƒeawo ƒe gɔmedzedze. Gake wozã nya "ʋu-ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe mɔxenu" zi gbãtɔ le ƒe 1921 me agbalẽ aɖe si Lina Shtern (si woŋlɔna ɣeaɖewoɣi be "Stern") si tso Russia (si nye Latvia fifia) kple Switzerlandtɔ atikewɔla Raymond Gautier ŋlɔ me.

Elektrɔnik nusuekpɔmɔ̃ ƒe nɔnɔmetata gbãtɔ siwo woɖe le ƒe 1960 kple 1970 ƒeawo me, siwo ɖɔ BBB ƒe wɔwɔme le lãwo kple amegbetɔwo ƒe ahɔhɔ̃ me kɔte la ɖo kpe Stern kple Gautier ƒe numekukua dzi.

Mlɔeba la, nusi dzi nàɖo ŋkui (Take-Home Message) .

Wò ʋu kple ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe mɔxenu (BBB) ​​nye lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe ƒuƒoƒo si ƒo xlã ʋuka siwo le wò ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe akpa geɖe eye wòwɔa dɔ abe nusi wotsɔna tsia ʋu me ene. Enye gli vevi aɖe ŋutɔ si kpɔa míaƒe ahɔhɔ̃ ta. Ekpena ɖe ame ŋu be nu gbegblẽ geɖe nado le eme eye nu nyui geɖe hã nage ɖe eme.

Ke hã, esia mede blibo o. Atikewɔwɔ ƒe nɔnɔme geɖe ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe esia dzi. Azɔ hã, ele be ɖɔktawo nakpɔ nyuie le ``(BBB)`` sia ŋu ne wole dɔléle aɖe dam le ŋutilã ƒe akpa ɖesiaɖe, ke menye ahɔhɔ̃ ɖeɖeko o.

Togbɔ be eŋutinunyalawo ke ɖe nu geɖe ŋu tso BBB ŋu hã la, ehiã be woawɔ numekuku geɖe wu be woase alesi wòwɔa dɔe gɔme bliboe. Eƒe dɔwɔwɔ ememetɔ gɔmesese ate ŋu aʋu mɔ na ahɔhɔ̃medɔ geɖe siwo do ƒome kple ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe atike nyuiwo didi. Ekema, ɖeko wò BBB anye mɔxenu na nusiwo le nu gblẽm le ŋuwò, eye menye mɔxenu na atikewɔwɔ siwo le kpekpem ɖe ŋuwò o. Eyata, mègaŋlɔ be o be wò lãmesẽ bliboa dzi kpɔkpɔ akpe ɖe ŋuwò le mɔ si mele tẽ o nu be nàkpɔ BBB sia ƒe lãmesẽ ta o!

` Ʋu-Ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe Mɔxenu, Ahɔhɔ̃ Takpɔkpɔ, Ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe Ʋukawo, Lãmetsiŋusẽ, Ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe Atikewo, BBB Dɔwɔwɔ