Who is an oncologist? Let's talk all about it!

If you've ever been told by a doctor to see an oncologist , a cancer specialist, it's normal to feel a little scared and nervous, right? "Do I have cancer?" or "What will happen now?" You may have many questions running through your mind. But don't worry. You're not alone in this situation. Today, let's talk about who exactly an oncologist is, what they do, and how they can help you on your journey.

Who is this cancer doctor (Oncologist)?

Simply put, an oncologist is a doctor who specializes in cancer. In medicine, the branch of medicine that studies, diagnoses, and treats cancer is called ``Oncology.'' So, an oncologist is someone who has in-depth knowledge of this field called ``Oncology.''

One of the biggest benefits of seeing an oncologist is that you get to talk to a specialist who understands exactly what you're going through. These doctors can also help you deal with the stress and anxiety that comes with knowing you may have cancer. They are ready to help you, and they will be with you every step of the way.

What exactly does an oncologist do?

An oncologist can help you in many ways. Let's take a look at what they mainly do:

• Testing to determine if it is cancer: Depending on your symptoms , tests (such as ``Imaging tests'' or ``Lab work'') will be performed to help confirm whether or not you actually have cancer.
• Getting a second opinion on an existing diagnosis: You may have already been diagnosed with cancer. You may want to get a second opinion to confirm the diagnosis or to learn about other treatment options.
• Identifying the right treatment options for you: Not all cancers are the same, and not all treatments are the same for everyone. We will help you find the best treatment for your situation.
• We will discuss the benefits and side effects of each treatment option with you: We will clearly explain to you the pros and cons of each treatment option, as well as any possible side effects.
• Monitoring your cancer treatment: After you start treatment, you will be regularly checked to make sure everything is going well and that you are tolerating the treatment.
• Post-treatment care management: You will need to monitor your health even after cancer treatment is complete. He/she will also inform you about related advice and necessary tests.

Imagine, when you are lost on a dark road, an oncologist helps you like someone who knows the way well, gives you a hand, and says, "Don't be afraid , I will show you the way."

If I see an oncologist, does that mean I have cancer?

No, you can't say that. Just because you've been referred to see an oncologist doesn't mean you definitely have cancer. Maybe you're being referred because some of your symptoms are similar to those of cancer, so you're being referred to make sure.

If your family doctor or other specialist refers you to an oncologist, please do not delay your appointment. It is very important to get a diagnosis as soon as possible, as many cancers can be successfully treated if detected early.

Are there different types of oncologists?

Yes, cancer is a complex disease. That's why cancer patients often have multiple oncologists with different expertise working together to plan their treatment. We call this a multidisciplinary approach . When working this way, each person focuses on different aspects of the treatment based on their expertise. Everyone's common goal is to provide you with the best, most compassionate care.

Oncologists can be mainly categorized by the treatment methods they specialize in and the types of cancer they treat.

Specialist doctors according to treatment methods

• Surgical Oncologists : If your biopsy shows cancer cells, these doctors will perform surgery to remove any cancer cells that have not spread. They will remove the cancer and any surrounding tissue. They will also help you with any advice and care you need before and after surgery.
• Medical oncologists: These doctors treat cancer using chemotherapy, hormonal therapies, immunotherapy, and other targeted treatments. Many people consider this medical oncologist their primary oncologist because they are the ones they see most often. Many medical oncologists also specialize in hematology, which is the diagnosis and treatment of blood diseases and blood cancers.
• Radiation oncologists: These doctors use radiation therapy to treat cancer. Radiation can be used to shrink tumors before surgery or to kill any remaining cancer cells after surgery. Radiation therapy may be given alone or in combination with other treatments.

Specialists by cancer type

Some oncologists specialize in specific types of cancer.

• Gynecologic oncologists: These doctors treat gynecologic cancers in women, such as cervical cancer, uterine cancer, and ovarian cancer.
• Pediatric oncologists: These doctors treat cancers that are more common in children than in adults, such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Ewing sarcoma, and childhood brain tumors.
• Neurological oncologists: These specialists treat people with brain tumors and cancers that affect the nervous system.

What to expect on the first day of seeing an oncologist?

When you first meet with an oncologist, you may feel a lot of uncertainty. "Do I have cancer? How long have I had this? What will my life be like now?" If these questions are running through your mind, you are not alone. Your oncologist is there to help you deal with these feelings.

At your first appointment, the oncologist will do the following:

• Ask about your symptoms in detail.
• Does a physical examination.
• Your medical records, family medical history, and current/previous health conditions will be reviewed.
• You will be given tests (e.g., imaging tests or lab work) to learn more about your symptoms.
• They will decide whether you need a biopsy, a tissue test.

After gathering the necessary information in this way, the doctor:

• They will talk to you about the results of your tests.
• His findings will also be reported to the doctor who referred you.
• It will tell you whether you have cancer, and if so, what type it is.
• They will talk to you about different treatment options.
• I listen to your fears, doubts, and anxieties.
• Provides information about other resources and support groups that can help you.

Your first oncology appointment may last about three hours. In addition to talking with your medical oncologist, you may also meet with counselors, social workers, or other cancer specialists.

How are follow-up visits?

During cancer treatment, you will need to see your oncologist regularly. How often you need to see your oncologist will depend on the type of cancer you have and the treatment you are currently receiving. Your oncologist will explain this to you at your first appointment.

What questions should I ask my oncologist?

Here are some questions you can ask your oncologist:

• Where is my tumor? How big is it?
• What stage of cancer do I have?
• What is the survival rate based on my diagnosis?
• How long will my treatment take?
• Can I go to work while receiving treatment?
• Will the treatment affect my fertility?
• Do I need to do more tests?
• How often do I have follow-up visits?
• How should I take care of myself during treatment?
• Are there support groups?
• How do I tell my family about my diagnosis?

These questions are just examples. Don't hesitate to ask your doctor anything you have on your mind, no matter how small. You have the right to know everything clearly.

When should I talk to my oncologist?

If you have already started cancer treatment under an oncologist, you should call your doctor immediately if certain things happen. Call your doctor right away if any of the following happen:

• If you have a fever over 38 degrees Celsius (100.4 Fahrenheit).
• If any new symptoms appear.
• If there is a sudden change in current symptoms.
• If you have pain that doesn't go away even after taking medicine.
• If you experience symptoms of a `stroke` (sudden loss of consciousness on one side of the face, loss of consciousness, dizziness, severe headache, vision problems).
• If you experience symptoms of a heart attack (chest pain, nausea, shortness of breath, shoulder pain).

How much do you need to study to become an oncologist?

The journey to becoming an oncologist begins with a bachelor's degree and a medical degree. Oncologists who specialize in areas such as medical oncology, surgical oncology, radiation oncology, or hematology oncology must complete residencies and fellowship programs before becoming licensed and certified. Overall, it takes between 14 and 16 years to become an oncologist.

Finally, things to remember (Take-Home Message)

It's normal to feel scared when you go to see an oncologist, or worried about what the future will hold if you are diagnosed with cancer. You may also feel frustrated because you have many questions that don't have easy, straightforward answers.

But remember, your oncologist understands all of these feelings. They are there to help you in any way they can. They are ready to listen to your questions, support you, and guide you through this challenging journey. Never feel like you are alone.

We hope you find this information useful. Stay healthy!

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