If you have lupus, your doctor may have told you about a new drug. It's called anifrolumab. The name may sound a bit complicated. But don't worry. In this article, we'll talk about the drug in a simple, friendly way, how it works, what it can do, and what you need to be aware of.
What is Anifrolumab?
Simply put, Anifrolumab is a vaccine that is given to treat certain types of lupus. Now, look, our body has something called the immune system. Its main function is to protect us from diseases by fighting germs and viruses that come from outside.
But, in diseases like lupus, something goes wrong. This immune system becomes overactive and starts attacking our own good cells. It's like our own army attacking us. What the Anifrolumab vaccine does is to control the speed of that overactive immune system. Then the inflammation and other symptoms of lupus gradually decrease.
Medically speaking, this is a drug that belongs to the group of drugs called monoclonal antibodies . This drug is most commonly available in Sri Lanka and the world under the brand name SAPHNELO .
Things you need to tell your doctor before taking this medicine
Before starting this treatment, it is extremely important to talk openly with your doctor about your complete health history. Be sure to tell them about any of the following, especially if they apply to you. Hiding these things can be harmful to you.
| Your situation | Why is that important? |
|---|---|
| Cancer | If you currently have cancer or have had it in the past, your doctor should be aware of it. |
| An existing infection | Tell your doctor about any infections, including viral infections such as chickenpox and herpes. This medicine suppresses the immune system, which can make infections worse. |
| A recent or scheduled vaccination (Vaccine) | Some vaccines may interact with this medication, so it is essential to inform your doctor about this. |
| Allergies | If you have any allergies to Anifrolumab or any other medicines, foods, or dyes, be sure to tell your doctor. |
| Being pregnant or trying to get pregnant | If you are pregnant or planning to have a baby, talk to your doctor before starting this medication. |
| Breastfeeding | If you are a breastfeeding mother, ask your doctor about how this medicine will affect your baby. |
How do you use this medicine?
This is not a medicine you can take home. Anifrolumab is an injection that is given into the body through a vein (intravenous infusion) . This means it is given in a hospital or clinic, under the supervision of a doctor or trained nursing staff.
What if you miss a dose?
If you miss your scheduled dose, don't skip it. Talk to your doctor as soon as possible to reschedule your next dose. Taking your doses on time is important for the success of your treatment.
What if the medication dose increases?
If you suspect that you have accidentally overdosed on this medicine, immediately call the National Poisons Information Centre at the Colombo National Hospital , or go to the Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) of the nearest hospital.
Other drugs that may interact with this medicine (Drug Interactions)
Some medications can cause problems when taken with Anifrolumab, so it's best to tell your doctor about all the medications you're taking (including vitamins and herbal remedies).
| Type of medicine | Description |
|---|---|
| Do not take Anifrolumab with these at all. | |
| Live virus vaccines | Avoid receiving live virus vaccines while taking this treatment. |
| Be sure to tell your doctor if you are taking this medication. | |
| Biologic drugs | Examples: Medicines like Adalimumab, Certolizumab, Etanercept, Golimumab, Infliximab. |
| Cyclophosphamide | This is another powerful drug that controls immunity. |
| Other Monoclonal antibodies | Examples: Medicines like Belimumab, Ocrelizumab, Ofatumumab, Rituximab. |
Things to consider during treatment
- Regular check-ups: While taking this medicine, it is important to have regular check-ups as directed by your doctor. Tell your doctor if your symptoms are getting worse or getting worse.
- Watch out for infections: This medicine suppresses your immune system, so you may be more likely to get infections . So if you have symptoms of a cold or other infection, such as fever, chills, cough, sore throat, pain when urinating, or sores that don't heal, don't self-medicate and call your doctor for advice. Try to stay away from people who are sick.
- Talk about cancer risk: There may be a slight increase in the risk of some types of cancer when taking this medicine. Don't be alarmed by this, but talk to your doctor about this risk to get a clear understanding.
What are the possible side effects?
Like any medicine, Anifrolumab can cause side effects in some people. Most of these are not serious, but there are some things we should be aware of.
| Side effect | What to do? |
|---|---|
| If you experience these symptoms, tell your doctor as soon as possible. | |
| Allergic reactions | Symptoms such as skin rash, itching, hives, swelling of the face, lips, tongue or throat. These can be serious. |
| Signs of infection | Fever, chills, cough, sore throat, non-healing wounds, urinary tract infections, and malaise. |
| These are usually not serious, but if they persist, tell your doctor. | |
| Cough | Tell your doctor if it persists or is bothersome. |
| Dizziness (vertigo) | Avoid driving or operating machinery until this condition resolves. |
| Fatigue | Get enough rest. If it persists, talk to your doctor. |
| Headache | You can consult your doctor and get a suitable painkiller. |
| Nausea | Eat simple meals. Avoid oily and spicy foods. |
| Sore throat | Drinking warm beverages can provide relief. |
If you notice anything unusual that isn't on this list, don't be afraid to talk to your doctor about it too.
Take-Home Message
- Anifrolumab is an injection for lupus that is given intravenously. It is given in a hospital or clinic.
- Before starting treatment, be sure to tell your doctor about all medications you take, any other illnesses you have, and whether you are pregnant.
- There is a slightly increased risk of infection when taking this medication, so if you develop symptoms such as fever and cough, inform your doctor immediately.
- If you experience allergic symptoms such as skin rash, itching, or facial swelling caused by the medication, it is an emergency. Seek medical advice immediately.
- If you have any questions about this medicine, never be afraid to ask your doctor. You have every right to know about your health.
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