Do you have lupus? If so, your doctor may have talked to you about a vaccine called Anifrolumab. This is a relatively new and advanced drug, so you may have a lot of questions about it. It's normal to think things like, "Will this cure the disease completely?", "Are there any side effects?". Don't worry, today we'll talk about this drug in a very simple way that you can understand.
What exactly is Anifrolumab (SAPHNELO)?
Simply put, Anifrolumab is a special vaccine used to treat lupus. It belongs to a class of drugs called `monoclonal antibodies.` Think of our body's defense system (immune system) as soldiers. In a disease like lupus, these soldiers go a little crazy and start attacking our own good cells.
This drug, called Anifrolumab, is like a skilled commando. It goes straight to the point and takes control of a specific part of the immune system that's malfunctioning. This helps to control the damage and symptoms caused by lupus.
The important thing is that Anifrolumab is not a cure for lupus. However, it is usually used in combination with other lupus medications to help control the disease.
Things you need to tell your doctor before taking this medicine
Before you start this treatment, it is very important to have a completely open conversation with your doctor. Your doctor should be aware of the following:
- If you have cancer or have had it before.
- If you currently have any infection, especially viral infections like chickenpox and herpes, you should tell your doctor.
- If you have recently received any vaccine, or are planning to receive one in the future.
- If you have an allergic reaction to this medicine (Anifrolumab) or any other medicine, food, or dye.
- If you are pregnant, or trying to get pregnant.
- If you are a breastfeeding mother.
It is very important for your safety to give this information to the doctor. So tell him everything without hiding anything.
How to use the medicine?
Anifrolumab is not a medicine you can take home. It is an intravenous infusion . This means that the medicine is given into your vein from a bottle, similar to saline. This treatment is done in a hospital or clinic under the supervision of trained medical staff.
It is very important that you receive your treatment on your scheduled dates. If for any reason you are unable to attend your scheduled date, call your doctor or clinic immediately and let them know.
What if I take too much medicine?
This is given in a hospital setting so the chances of this happening are very low. However, if you think you have taken too much of the medicine, inform the medical staff immediately. Alternatively, call the National Poisons Information Centre at the Colombo National Hospital . In an emergency, go to the nearest Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) .
Can there be problems with other medications? (Interactions)
Yes, some medications can interact with Anifrolumab. Therefore, you should tell your doctor about all the medications you are taking, including prescription medications, over-the-counter medications, herbs, and even vitamins.
| Drugs that may interact with Anifrolumab | |
|---|---|
| Do not take with these at all: | |
| Live virus vaccines | For example: MMR, chickenpox vaccine, etc. Ask your doctor about this. |
| Interactions may occur with these (inform the doctor): | |
| Other biologic drugs | Ex: adalimumab, etanercept, infliximab |
| Other Monoclonal antibodies | Ex: belimumab, rituximab |
| Cyclophosphamide | This is also a drug that controls immunity. |
What are the things to be careful about when taking medicine?
Risk of infection
Since this medicine suppresses your immune system to some extent, you may be at a slightly increased risk of developing infections. Therefore, if you experience symptoms such as fever, chills, sore throat, body aches, or burning when urinating, do not self-medicate and talk to your doctor immediately. Also, try to stay away from people who are sick.
Cancer risk
Doctors also consider the risk of certain types of cancer when taking these medications. There is no need to worry about this, but it is a good idea to talk to your doctor about this and get a clear understanding of the risks.
What side effects are possible?
Like any medicine, Anifrolumab can cause side effects in some people. These can be divided into two main categories.
| Side effects that should be reported to your doctor immediately | |
|---|---|
| Allergic Reactions | Skin rash, itching, hives, swelling of the face, lips, or tongue. |
| Signs of Infection | Fever, chills, cough, sore throat, urinary tract infection. |
| Difficulty breathing | If you are having difficulty breathing or feel tightness in your chest. |
| Low blood pressure | Dizziness, fainting, and unusual tiredness, especially when taking the medication. |
| Tell your doctor if it persists or is bothersome. | |
| Headache | (Headache) |
| Nausea | (Nausea) |
| Vomiting | (Vomiting) |
Take-Home Message
- Anifrolumab is not a cure for lupus, but it is a very effective treatment for controlling symptoms.
- Before taking this medicine, tell your doctor your complete medical history (including other medications you are taking).
- This is an injection given intravenously in a hospital. It is essential to receive treatment on the scheduled dates.
- Be very careful of signs of infection such as fever and cough during treatment. If you experience any of these, tell your doctor immediately.
- Don't be afraid to talk to your doctor about any side effects you experience, even if they are minor.
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