Has your doctor prescribed a special injection to control a sudden bleeding episode for you or a family member? You might be a little confused by the name. But don't worry. We're talking about that medication today. It's usually used to control bleeding in a rare condition called Acquired Hemophilia A. Let's talk about it simply and clearly.
What is Acquired Hemophilia A?
Simply put, this is a problem with our body's blood clotting process. Normally, when we get injured, our blood clots and stops bleeding. This is helped by special proteins in our blood, such as Factor VIII .
However, in Acquired Hemophilia A, our own immune system mistakenly starts attacking this protein called Factor VIII. We also call these antibodies . This reduces the ability of the blood to clot, and sometimes leads to excessive bleeding for no reason or even from a minor injury. This is not like congenital hemophilia, but a condition that can occur at any time in life.
So how does this vaccine (OBIZUR) work?
Now you understand that the problem is that our own antibodies attack our own Factor VIII. So doctors give this special vaccine as a solution to this.
Although the name of this medicine is long, what it says is very important:
- Antihemophilic Factor: This means something that counteracts the condition of hemophilia, or promotes blood clotting.
- Porcine Sequence: This is the special thing. "Porcine" means something related to pigs. This vaccine is made in a way that is similar to the sequence of the blood clotting factor of pigs. Why is it done that way? Because, while the antibodies in our body recognize and attack the human Factor VIII, they do not recognize the structure similar to this pig factor. Therefore, they can help the blood clotting process without attacking it.
- Recombinant: This means that the drug is not obtained directly from animals, but is produced in a laboratory using biotechnology (recombinant DNA technology) in a very clean and safe manner.
Simply put, what this vaccine does is control excessive bleeding by providing a factor that your body needs to clot without being affected by antibodies.
Things you need to tell your doctor before taking this medicine
Because this is a specialized medication, it is extremely important to inform your doctor about your complete medical history before starting treatment.
| What you need to know | Why is that? |
|---|---|
| Allergies | Be sure to tell your doctor if you are allergic to this medicine, pork protein, hamster protein (used in the manufacture of some medicines), or any other medicine, food, or dye. |
| Pregnancy or breastfeeding | It is very important to inform your doctor if you are pregnant, trying to get pregnant, or breastfeeding. |
How do you use this medicine?
This is not a medicine that you swallow like a regular pill. This is an intravenous injection . This treatment is usually given in a hospital or clinic by a trained doctor or nurse. This is because you need to be closely monitored while the treatment is being given.
Very rarely, some patients are instructed to receive this vaccine at home. If so, you will be instructed on how to prepare and inject it properly. Never take more than the doctor has instructed or take the medicine earlier than the prescribed time.
What to do if the medication dose is increased?
If you think you have taken more than the prescribed dose, immediately call the National Poisons Information Centre at the Colombo National Hospital or go to the Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) of the nearest hospital.
What if I miss a dose?
It is very important to take the dose on time during this treatment. If you miss an appointment at the hospital, call your doctor immediately for advice. If you are taking the medicine at home, take the missed dose as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and take the next dose at the scheduled time. Do not take a double dose for any reason.
Things to consider during treatment
- Blood Tests: While taking this medication, your doctor will order regular blood tests to check if it is working properly, how your blood is clotting, and whether your body is making new antibodies against the medication. It is very important not to skip these tests.
- Medical monitoring: While you are in the hospital, the medical staff will monitor you closely. They will be constantly on the lookout for signs of bleeding and allergic reactions.
- Medical ID: If you have hemophilia, it is very important to always carry a medical ID card or bracelet/chain that lists your condition, the medications you take, the dosage, and the times. It could help save your life in an emergency.
What are the possible side effects?
Like any medicine, this medicine can cause side effects, although not everybody gets them. If you experience any of the following symptoms, tell your doctor or nurse immediately.
| Type of side effect | Symptoms |
|---|---|
| Serious Allergic Reactions | Skin rash, itching or hives, swelling of the face, lips, tongue or throat, difficulty breathing. These can be very serious and should be reported immediately. |
| Inhibitor Development | If you can't control the bleeding even after taking the medicine, it means your body may have started to make antibodies against this medicine as well. Tell your doctor about this. |
If you experience any other unusual symptoms not mentioned on this list, talk to your doctor about them as well.
Interactions with other medications
Other medications you are taking may interact with this vaccine. You should be especially careful when using it with other blood clotting medications, such as Factor VIIa .
Therefore, give your doctor a complete list of all the medications you are taking (prescription medications, vitamins, herbal remedies, and supplements). Also, tell your doctor if you smoke or drink alcohol.
Take-Home Message
- This vaccine is used to control excessive bleeding in a rare condition called Acquired Hemophilia A.
- This is a special treatment that is injected into a vein, usually given in a hospital.
- Be sure to tell your doctor about all your allergies and all other medications you are taking.
- If you experience serious allergic symptoms (skin rash, swelling, difficulty breathing), seek medical advice immediately.
- Don't skip blood tests and appointments prescribed by your doctor.
- This medicine is for you only. Never share it with others. If you have any questions, talk to your doctor.
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