Have you ever felt like your eyes were very dry, like there were grains of sand stuck in them? Or maybe your eyes are red and irritated from staring at the computer for too long? This is actually a common problem that many people have. So today we are going to talk about 'Artificial Tears', which are used as a solution to this. Let's simply understand what these are, how they are used, and whether there are any risks.
What are these artificial tears?
Simply put, artificial tears are eye drops, gels, or ointments that are used to moisturize your dry eyes. These can be purchased over the counter at a pharmacy without a prescription.
Think about it, our eyes are always kept moist, smooth, and protected by the natural tears that our eyes produce. These tears are not just water. They have an aqueous layer, an oily layer, and a mucus layer. These three layers together create a thin 'tear film' on our eyes. When for some reason the production of these tears decreases or their quality changes, our eyes begin to dry out.
So, what artificial tears do is exactly mimic the action of these natural tears. That is, they provide the eye with the necessary moisture and help keep it smooth.
In what situations are artificial tears used?
Artificial tears are mainly used to relieve the discomfort of dry eyes. Let's take a look at the main benefits of these.
| Usefulness | The process that takes place |
|---|---|
| Moisturizing the eye | It relieves dry eyes and irritation, providing comfort. |
| Reducing friction | It reduces the friction caused by the eyelids rubbing against the cornea and keeps the eye smooth. |
| Relieving discomfort | It relieves discomfort such as inflammation and itching and provides a cooling sensation to the eyes. |
| Reducing redness | Helps reduce symptoms such as eye redness and swelling. |
You may want to use these in situations like these:
- When in a windy, smoky, or dry environment.
- Eye strain occurs when you stare at a computer or mobile phone for too long.
- When taking certain medications (e.g. allergy pills, some antidepressants).
- This is because the moisture in the eye naturally decreases as we age.
But remember, if your eyes are constantly dry or irritated, don't ignore it. The best thing to do is see a doctor to find out what the real cause is.
Are there different types of artificial tears? Which one should I choose?
Yes, there are several types of artificial tears. They can be mainly divided into two categories.
1. With Preservatives: These contain preservatives, so you can use them for about 3-4 months after opening the bottle. However, for some people, these preservatives can cause eye discomfort and irritation.
2. Preservative-free: These come in small, single-use tubes. These are great for people with very sensitive eyes and those who need to use drops frequently. However, they should be discarded within 24 hours of opening.
In addition, there are special rewetting drops made specifically for some contact lens wearers.
The best thing to do is to ask your doctor about the type and brand that is best for your eyes. Because not everyone's eyes are the same. Your doctor will examine your condition and recommend the most appropriate one.
How exactly do you use these?
It is very important to do this correctly. If used incorrectly, it can cause eye irritation.
1. First, wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water.
2. Turn your head back a little and look up.
3. Gently pull down your lower eyelid with your index finger. It will form a small pouch.
4. With the other hand, hold the bottle above your eye and allow the amount prescribed by the doctor or the amount indicated on the package to fall into the bag.
5. Very important: Do not let the tip of the bottle or tube touch your eye, eyelid, or finger. Doing so can contaminate the medicine bottle itself.
6. After applying the medicine, close your eye and wait for about a minute. If you gently press the corner of your eye with your finger from the side of your nose, the medicine will stay well inside your eye.
7. Do not rub your eyes after applying the medicine.
8. If you used a thick gel or ointment, your vision may be blurred for a while. So, do not drive or operate machinery until your vision clears.
How much can these be used? Is there any risk?
Generally, it is not recommended to use preservatives more than 4-6 times a day. If you need to use more than that, it is safer to choose a preservative-free variety.
But if you need to use artificial tears regularly, like every day, it could mean that there is another underlying medical condition causing your dry eyes. So definitely see a doctor for advice.
Some people may experience minor side effects from artificial tears.
- Blurred vision: This is usually temporary.
- Eye irritation/itching: Do not rub your eyes during this time. It can make the condition worse.
- Allergies: Some people can develop severe allergies. If you experience severe symptoms (anaphylaxis) such as swollen eyes, itching, difficulty breathing, or dizziness, go to a hospital's emergency room (ETU) immediately. This is an emergency that should not be delayed.
When is it best to see a doctor?
Be especially careful about these things:
- If you use these every day without the advice of a doctor.
- If your eye discomfort does not improve or worsens even after using artificial tears.
- If there are side effects from using these.
- If you experience decreased vision, eye pain, or a severe allergic reaction , seek medical advice immediately.
Take-Home Message
- Artificial tears are a liquid that mimics natural tears and provides temporary relief from conditions such as dry eyes and inflammation.
- There are two types, with and without preservatives. If you use it frequently or have sensitive eyes, a type without preservatives is best.
- When using these, it is very important to use them cleanly, without letting the tip of the bottle touch your eyes.
- Dry eyes can sometimes be a symptom of another serious condition, such as diabetes or thyroid problems.
- Therefore, if the problem persists or gets worse, do not self-medicate and definitely see a doctor for proper advice and treatment.
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