Sometimes the cough and snot just won't stop, right? It's also very hard on the body. Along with the fever, the eyes become red and itchy. When you have a cold, allergy, or a cold like this, a doctor may prescribe this medicine syrup for you. This is not a single medicine, but a combination of three medicines. So let's see what this is, how exactly to use it, and what things to be careful about.
What does this medicine contain?
Simply put, this is a medicine made by combining three main ingredients, each of which does a different job.
- Codeine: This is an opioid cough suppressant. It works by blocking the signal from our brain to cough, which helps control even the most painful coughs.
- Dexchlorpheniramine: This is an antihistamine . It controls the symptoms of allergies such as runny nose , sneezing, and itchy eyes and nose.
- Phenylephrine: This is a decongestant . It is a medicine given to treat nasal congestion. It constricts the blood vessels inside the nose, reducing nasal congestion and making it easier to breathe.
It is the combination of these three that controls many of the annoying symptoms of the common cold.
Things you need to tell your doctor before taking this medicine
Before your doctor prescribes this medication, it is very important to know your complete medical history. Be sure to tell your doctor if you have any of the conditions listed below.
| Disease or condition | Reason to be concerned |
|---|---|
| Problems related to the brain or nervous system (e.g., brain tumor, head injury, epilepsy/ seizures ) | This medication may cause drowsiness, dizziness, and may worsen the condition. |
| Heart disease, high or low blood pressure | Phenylephrine can change blood pressure and heart rate. |
| Lung or respiratory disease (e.g. asthma) | Because codeine can slow breathing, it can be dangerous if you already have breathing problems. |
| Kidney or liver disease | The process of removing drugs from the body may be affected. |
| Diabetes, thyroid disease, Addison's disease | This drug can affect sugar levels and hormones in the body. |
| Glaucoma, difficulty urinating, prostate problems | The antihistamine component of this medication may worsen these conditions. |
| A history of alcohol or drug addiction | Codeine is a drug with a risk of addiction. |
| If you are pregnant, trying to get pregnant, or breastfeeding | Medical advice is essential as this medicine may affect the baby. |
| If you have taken an MAOI medication in the past 14 days | It is strictly forbidden to take this because it can cause a very dangerous interaction. |
How should I use this medicine?
This is very simple, but very important.
- Correct measurement: Measure the exact amount prescribed by your doctor. Use only the measuring cup or spoon that comes with the medicine. Do not use household teaspoons or tablespoons, as they are not accurate.
- Before or after food?: This can be taken with or without food. However, if you feel an upset stomach, take the medicine with a small meal.
- Take it on time: Take the prescribed amount at the prescribed time. Do not take more or more frequently than your doctor tells you to.
- If given to children: This medicine is not usually recommended for children. However, if a doctor prescribes it for a specific reason, give it only as directed.
- If you miss a dose: Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take the next dose at the next scheduled time. Never take two doses at the same time.
Attention: Overdose
If you think you have taken too much of this medicine, immediately call the National Poisons Information Centre at the Colombo National Hospital or go to the Emergency Department (ETU) of the nearest hospital. This medicine has been prescribed for you only. Do not give it to anyone else.
Things to consider when taking medication
Drowsiness and dizziness
This medicine may make you feel very sleepy and dizzy . Therefore , avoid driving, operating machinery, or doing anything that requires alertness until you know how this medicine affects you. Especially if you are an elderly person, avoid getting up from a sitting position or getting out of bed suddenly. Otherwise, you may feel dizzy and fall. Avoid drinking alcohol completely. Taking this medicine with alcohol can greatly increase drowsiness and side effects.
Constipation
It is common for this medicine to cause constipation due to the codeine in it. Try to maintain a bowel movement at least every 2-3 days. If you have not had a bowel movement for three days, talk to your doctor. Drinking plenty of water and eating high-fiber foods (fruits, vegetables) can help.
Dry mouth and eyes
Dry mouth is another side effect of this medication. Chewing sugar-free gum and drinking plenty of water can help. Your eyes may also feel dry and your vision may be a little blurry. If you wear contact lenses, you may experience discomfort. Ask your doctor about using lubricating drops.
What are the possible side effects?
Like any medicine, this one can cause side effects in some people. Some of them are serious, some are common.
| Side effects that should be reported to your doctor immediately | |
|---|---|
| Allergic reactions | Skin rash, itching, swelling of the face, lips, tongue or throat. |
| Slow breathing (CNS depression) | Slow or shallow breathing, difficulty breathing, excessive sleepiness, loss of consciousness. |
| Changes in blood pressure | High blood pressure or low blood pressure (dizziness, blurred vision). |
| Changes in heart rate | Feeling like your heart is beating fast and pounding. |
| Eye problems | Sudden eye pain, blurred vision, seeing rings around lights. |
| Difficulty urinating | Inability or difficulty urinating. |
| Side effects that are usually not serious (but tell your doctor if they persist) | |
| Drowsiness, dizziness, constipation, dry mouth, headache, nausea, vomiting, insomnia, restlessness. | |
Take-Home Message
- Use this medicine only in the amount and manner prescribed by your doctor. Never take more than the prescribed amount.
- Use only the measuring spoon/cup provided for measuring the medicine.
- Avoid driving and activities that require alertness, as this medication may cause excessive drowsiness.
- Inform your doctor about all other medications, vitamins, and medical conditions you are taking.
- This is a medicine prescribed for you only. Do not share it with others for any reason.
- After use, store the medicine bottle in a safe place out of the reach of children and pets.
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