You may have heard of the HPV vaccine. Many people know it as the "cervical cancer vaccine." Although there are various rumors circulating in society about this vaccine, it is very important for you to know accurate and clear information about it. This knowledge is especially valuable for a mother or father with a young daughter, as well as for anyone who cares about their health. So, without any fear or doubt, let's talk about this in detail today.
Simply put, what is this HPV vaccine?
This is actually a vaccine. To be precise, it is a vaccine that protects our bodies from 9 main types of the virus called Human Papillomavirus (HPV) . This HPV virus is the main cause of cervical cancer, vaginal and external genital cancer, anal cancer, and genital warts.
- For women: This vaccine significantly reduces the risk of cervical, vaginal, and anal cancers and the risk of genital warts.
- For men: Reduces the risk of rectal cancer and genital warts.
The most important thing is this: This vaccine is not a cure for an HPV infection or cancer that you already have in your body. Its role is to prepare our body's immune system to fight against this virus in the future. Simply put, this is a 'preventive' measure. In our country, this vaccine is most commonly seen under the brand name `(Gardasil 9)`.
Things you need to tell your doctor before getting vaccinated
Before getting this vaccine, it is very important to give your doctor a complete description of your health condition. Then he or she can decide whether this vaccine is right for you or not. If you have any of the following conditions, be sure to tell them about them.
| Situation you need to report | Why is that important? |
|---|---|
| Having a current fever or infection | A mild cold is not a problem. But if you have a high fever, it is best to wait until you are completely recovered before getting the vaccine. |
| Having an allergy to yeast or a previous HPV vaccine | This is very important. If you have had a severe allergic reaction to any dose of this vaccine or to yeast in the past, this vaccine may not be suitable for you. |
| Weakened immune system (e.g. HIV/AIDS, cancer treatment) | If your immune system is weak, the way you respond to the vaccine may change. This means you may not get full protection from the vaccine. |
| Bleeding disorders (e.g., hemophilia) or low platelet count | There may be a risk of bleeding from the injection site. Therefore, when the doctor is informed about it, he can take the necessary precautions. |
| Being pregnant, trying to get pregnant, or breastfeeding | This vaccine is not usually given during pregnancy. Therefore, it is essential to inform your doctor about this. He or she will give you the most appropriate advice. |
Vaccine administration method and dosing schedule
This vaccine is given as an injection into a muscle , usually in the upper arm. It is given by a doctor or a trained health professional.
To be fully protected from this vaccine, you must complete the prescribed number of doses. Usually, a 2- or 3-dose schedule is followed. This may vary depending on your age and the day you receive the first dose. Your doctor will explain the exact schedule that is right for you.
It's a good idea to set a reminder on your phone or calendar when it's time to take your next dose, as it's easy to forget. The most important thing is to complete the entire dose without skipping a single one.
Is this suitable for young children?
Yes. It is recommended that children be vaccinated from as young as 9 years of age. The vaccine is also given to girls through the School Health Program in Sri Lanka. If you have any questions about giving your child this vaccine, it is best to talk to a pediatrician.
Other medications that may interact with the vaccine
If you are taking medication for other conditions, you should also tell your doctor about it. Some medications can affect the effectiveness of this vaccine.
- Steroid medicines - e.g. Prednisone, Cortisone
- Medicines to treat cancer
- Medicines for organ transplant
- Some medications for arthritis
This list is not complete. So tell your doctor about all the medications you take, including vitamins, herbal remedies, and supplements .
What are the possible side effects?
As with any vaccine, there are some minor side effects that can occur after getting the HPV vaccine. Most of these are not serious and usually go away on their own within a day or two. However, it is important to be aware of some of the more serious symptoms.
| Serious side effects that require immediate medical attention | |
|---|---|
| Severe allergic reactions Skin rash, itching, swelling of the face, lips, tongue. | These are rare but can be dangerous. Go to the nearest hospital emergency room (ETU) immediately. |
| Difficulty breathing | Go to the Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) immediately. |
| Dizziness , fainting, loss of consciousness and falling | Sometimes this can occur as a reaction to the vaccination process. See a doctor immediately. |
| Common, non-serious side effects (inform doctor if they persist) | |
| Pain, redness, or swelling where the injection was given | This is the most common side effect. It usually subsides in 1-2 days. Ice application can provide relief. |
| Headache, slight fever, nausea | These are also common. Drink plenty of water and rest. If they last more than a few days, tell your doctor. |
Because this vaccine is given at a hospital or clinic, you do not have to take it home with you. Also, this vaccine is for you only. Do not share it with anyone else.
Take-Home Message
- The HPV vaccine is a very effective way to prevent several types of cancer, including cervical cancer, and genital warts.
- This is a preventive vaccine , not a medicine that cures an existing disease.
- It is essential to take all doses on time to achieve full protection.
- Before getting the vaccine, tell your doctor honestly about all your health conditions and other medications you are taking.
- Most side effects are minor, but if you experience severe allergic symptoms (difficulty breathing, facial swelling), go to a hospital immediately.
- If you have any questions or concerns, talk to your doctor at any time.
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