Dark spots and blemishes on our skin are a problem for many people, right? Sometimes, it can be the scars left after acne heals, the spots that appear after sunburn, or the discoloration that appears on the face (melasma) due to hormonal changes such as during pregnancy. So, as a treatment for these things, you may have heard of Hydroquinone. This is sometimes called a "skin bleaching" cream. But before using it, it is very important to be fully aware of it. Let's talk about everything today.
What is Hydroquinone?
Simply put, this is a medicine that is applied to dark areas of the skin, that is, areas where there are spots and blemishes. The pigment that gives our skin its color is called melanin . Those dark spots and blemishes occur when this melanin pigment is produced in excess in one area of the skin.
So what this Hydroquinone does is control the activity of the cells that produce melanin and reduce the production of melanin. Then, gradually, the color of those dark areas turns light. This medicine can come in different forms such as cream, gel, and lotion/solution. Some brands have added sunscreen to this.
Things you need to tell your doctor before taking this medicine
This is a medication that should be used under medical advice. So before your doctor prescribes this to you, he will ask you about a few things. And it is very important for your own safety that you inform your doctor about these things.
- Do you have any allergies? That is, if you are allergic to this Hydroquinone, or to other types of sunscreen, other medications, foods, or certain pigments, be sure to tell us.
- Are you pregnant? (pregnant) or are you expecting a baby soon?
- Are you a breastfeeding mother? (breast-feeding)
Based on these factors, your doctor will decide whether this medicine is right for you or not.
How exactly do you use this?
To get the most out of a medicine, you need to use it correctly. Remember these steps carefully.
1. This is a topical medication only. Do not take it by mouth for any reason.
2. Wash your hands thoroughly with soap before and after applying the medicine.
3. Keep the area of skin where the medicine will be applied clean and dry.
4. Do not apply too much of the medicine. Apply a thin layer only to cover the affected spot or scar . Do not apply it to the surrounding healthy skin.
5. Rub slowly and gently until well absorbed into the skin.
6. Do not apply this medicine to sensitive areas such as the eyes, mouth, and nostrils , or to areas with wounds, cuts, or abrasions.
7. If you accidentally get it in your eyes, immediately open your eyes and rinse them thoroughly with water for several minutes. If your eyes still feel irritated or red, see a doctor.
8. If you are using other skin medications, do not apply them all at the same time. Apply them at different times of the day. Ask your doctor for advice on this.
9. Do not apply more than the doctor has prescribed. Doing so will not provide faster results and will only increase side effects.
Most importantly: It is essential to protect yourself from the sun while using hydroquinone. Otherwise, not only will you lose the results, but you may also damage your skin. So, whenever you go outside, use a good sunscreen with at least SPF 30 or higher. Also, wear a hat and use an umbrella.
What are the possible side effects?
Like any medication, Hydroquinone can cause side effects in some people. It's important to be aware of these.
| Type of side effect | Characteristics |
|---|---|
| Serious side effects that require immediate discontinuation of the medication and medical advice | |
| Severe skin allergy | Unbearable burning, itching, swelling, and dry, peeling skin where the medicine was applied. |
| Abnormal skin discoloration | A strange blue-black discoloration of the area where the medication was applied. This is called Ochronosis and is a rare but serious condition. |
| Side effects that are usually not serious, but should be reported to the doctor if they persist | |
| Mild itching or burning | A slight itching and burning sensation may occur in the first few days after applying the medicine. |
| Skin redness | Slight redness where the medicine was applied. |
What if there are no results after two months?
If you've been using the medicine consistently for about two months and there's no change in your scars, tell your doctor about it. He or she will then decide whether to continue using it or switch to another treatment.
Can there be problems with other medications?
Yes, there can be problems with some medications. In particular, products containing the ingredient Benzoyl Peroxide (commonly found in acne creams) can cause temporary discoloration of the skin if used together with Hydroquinone.
Therefore, tell your doctor about all the medications you are taking (not just those prescribed by your doctor, but also those you buy from the pharmacy, herbal products, and vitamins).
What if I accidentally use too much or someone drinks it?
Do not leave this medicine within the reach of children. If anyone, especially a small child, accidentally drinks this medicine, immediately contact the National Poisons Information Centre at the Colombo National Hospital . Or take the patient to the Emergency Department (ETU) of the nearest hospital.
Take-Home Message
- Hydroquinone is a medication that should only be used under medical advice. Don't use it just because a friend has used it.
- Sun protection is essential while using this medication. Always use a sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher.
- Apply the medicine only to the affected spots. Apply it in a thin layer.
- If you notice severe inflammation, swelling, or an unusual blue-black discoloration of the skin, immediately discontinue use and contact your doctor.
- Give your doctor a full description of all other products (creams, lotions, makeup) you apply to your skin.
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