Sometimes your feet hurt even when you walk for a while, right? Or do you have a terrible pain in your heels when you get out of bed in the morning? Do you also have problems like this? In fact, our daily work is very disrupted due to various kinds of pain in our feet. So is there no solution to this? That's where the Orthotics we are going to talk about come to the rescue.
Simply put, what are Orthotics?
Orthotics are special devices that we use to help relieve various pains, problems, and discomforts in your feet, ankles, and lower legs. These range from small `inserts` that fit inside your shoes to `custom` devices that are made specifically for your feet.
If your foot pain is not severe and is at a moderate level, your doctor may recommend that you try a generic orthotic, which you can buy at a pharmacy. However, if the pain is persistent or getting worse, then they may recommend that you use a custom orthotic. One of the main advantages of using these is that they can sometimes delay or even completely prevent the need for major treatment, such as surgery.
What kind of foot problems require orthotics?
If you have any of the conditions below, your doctor may recommend orthotics. You may have heard of some of these.
| Disease status | A simple explanation |
|---|---|
| Bunions (Hallux Valgus) | Painful bumps that protrude forward from the joint of the big toe. |
| Corns and Calluses | A condition in which the skin thickens due to being trapped in shoes or pressure on a single area. |
| High Arch Feet | Some people have a higher position than the middle part of the bottom (arch). |
| Flat Feet | A condition where the entire bottom touches the ground, without an arch at the bottom. |
| Plantar Fasciitis | Severe heel pain in the morning due to inflammation of the tissue that runs from the heel to the toes. |
| Sprained Ankle | If you frequently roll your ankle, provide support. |
| Diabetes-related foot complications | For foot ulcers and other problems caused by diabetes. |
What are the signs that you need orthotics?
Think about whether you feel these things too. If you do, you might find relief from an orthotic.
- Legs hurt and swell even during normal activities: If your legs hurt and swell even after just standing for a while or walking a little.
- Morning heel pain: Sharp pain in the heel, especially when you first get up in the morning and take the first few steps. This is a major symptom of `Plantar Fasciitis`.
- Flat feet or high arches: If you are experiencing pain due to your feet being flat or too high, or if your feet roll inwards (overpronation).
- Balance problems: If you lose your balance and fall due to a weak arch in your foot.
- Shoes that only wear on one side: Look at the soles of your shoes. Is it heavier on one side and worn unevenly? That's a sign of a problem with the way you walk.
- Problems caused by diabetes: For complications in the feet if you have diabetes.
What actually happens with orthotics?
Simply put, orthotics perform three main functions:
1. Supporting the legs and ankles: These help keep the bones and joints of our legs in the correct position.
2. Preventing and treating foot deformities: These help prevent changes in the shape of the foot due to certain medical conditions.
3. Improves overall foot and ankle function: By reducing pain and helping you walk properly, the overall function of the leg improves.
Imagine you have flat feet. When you put an arch support inside your shoe, it artificially creates the arch that your foot needs. This stops the weight from going to unnecessary places on your foot and reduces pain.
What are the main types of orthotics?
There are many different types, from small `inserts` that you can buy at a regular pharmacy to `custom` devices that are made specifically for you. Let's look at a few of the main types.
| Orthotic type | What happens to it? |
|---|---|
| Foot Pads | It's like a small cushion that you put between your shoe and your foot. It helps reduce pain in places like corns. |
| Heel Liners (Heel Cups) | Provides extra cushioning and support to the heel. A good solution for the natural fat layer in the heel that thins as we age. |
| Arch Supports | Provides arch support. Very useful for those with flat feet or high arches. |
| Insoles (Shoe Inserts) | It's like a full-length insole that goes inside the shoe. It's made of various materials like foam, gel, and plastic. |
| Ankle Braces | A device that is placed around the ankle before putting on shoes. It provides support if you frequently sprain your ankle. |
Custom Orthotics made especially for you
These are the most advanced and successful methods. Your doctor will examine your foot and create custom orthotics that are specifically designed to fit the shape of your foot, the way you walk, and your problem .
There are several ways to make these:
- A plaster mold of your leg will be taken.
- Place the leg on a foam box and mark the shape of the leg.
- Computer technology uses a `3D` scan of your leg to create an image.
There are two main types of these `custom orthotics`:
1. Functional Orthotics: These are made of slightly stronger materials (e.g. `graphite`, `plastic`). The main purpose of these is to control the movements of the leg, stop the leg from moving incorrectly and reduce pain.
2. Accommodative Orthotics: These are made of very soft, flexible materials. They conform to the shape of the foot, providing good cushioning and comfort. They are especially good for conditions such as diabetic foot ulcers.
True, custom orthotics are a bit more expensive than regular inserts, but they last much longer and provide much more comfort and support for your feet.
How long should orthotics be used?
When you start using orthotics, it takes a while for your feet to get used to them. It could be two to three weeks or a month. That's normal.
The important thing is that orthotics are not a cure for your foot condition. They are a management system that controls symptoms and provides you with relief. So, once you find an orthotic that works for you, you should continue to use it for as long as your doctor tells you to. If you stop using it, the pain may return or get worse.
A custom orthotic can usually last for several years, but its durability depends on several factors:
- Material: Made of strong materials, it lasts longer.
- Your activities: If you engage in high-impact activities like running, they can wear you down quickly.
- Body weight: If your weight increases or decreases significantly, you may need to change your orthotic.
- Proper care: They should always be kept clean and should not be exposed to extreme heat or cold.
When should I see a doctor?
This is the most important part.
If you have a little pain or discomfort, you can buy a regular `shoe insert` from a pharmacy and try using it for a few days. If it provides relief, there's no problem.
However, if your pain is severe, persistent, or getting worse, you should definitely see a doctor. It's best to see a doctor who specializes in foot and ankle problems.
Your doctor will listen to your symptoms and examine your feet carefully. They will then diagnose your condition and prescribe treatment. This may include using a custom orthotic made specifically for you.
Take-Home Message
- Orthotics are devices that help manage foot and ankle pain and discomfort, not a cure.
- There are many different types, from regular shoe inserts to custom orthotics that are made specifically for your foot.
- A simple `insert` may be enough for minor pain. But if you have severe, persistent pain, definitely see a doctor.
- Orthotics take some time for your feet to get used to them, and they can last longer if you keep them properly clean.
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