Shin ka san wannan jijiyar jini mai daraja a wuyanka? (Jijiyoyin ƙashin baya) Bari mu yi bayani dalla-dalla!

Duk muna damuwa sosai game da lafiyar jikinmu. Yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a san game da tsarin jijiyoyin jini wanda ke ba da jini ga kwakwalwarmu da ƙashin baya. A yau za mu yi magana game da wani nau'in jijiyoyin jini mai matuƙar muhimmanci. Wannan shine abin da muke kira ''(Jijiyoyin ƙashin baya)''. A taƙaice, waɗannan suna kama da jinin rai wanda ke ciyar da ɓangaren sama na jikinmu.

Menene waɗannan `(Jijiyoyin Ƙafafu)`? Me suke yi a zahiri?

A taƙaice dai, 'Jijiyoyin Vertebral' manyan jijiyoyin jini ne guda biyu da ke cikin wuyanmu waɗanda ke ɗauke da jini zuwa kwakwalwa da kashin baya (babban jijiyar da ke ratsa kashin baya). Haka ne, akwai guda biyu, ɗaya a gefen hagu ɗayan kuma a gefen dama. Sunan 'Jijiyoyin Vertebral' ya fito ne daga gaskiyar cewa waɗannan jijiyoyin suna gudana tare da ƙasusuwan ƙashin baya, ƙasusuwan ƙashin baya. Waɗannan jijiyoyin guda biyu suna haɗuwa a gindin kwanyar don samar da babban jijiya da ake kira 'Jijiyoyin Basila'. Muna kuma kiran wannan tsarin gaba ɗaya 'Jijiyoyin Vertebrobasilar'.

Don haka, babban aikin waɗannan shine samar wa kwakwalwarmu iskar oxygen da abubuwan gina jiki da take buƙata . Shin kun san cewa kashi 20% na jimillar jinin da ke kwarara zuwa kwakwalwarmu ana samar da su ne ta hanyar waɗannan "Jijiyoyin Vertebral" ? Sauran kashi 80% kuma ana samar da su ne ta hanyar ɗayan babban jijiyar da ke wuya da ake kira "Jijiyoyin Carotid". Don haka ku yi tunanin yadda waɗannan suke da mahimmanci!

Waɗannan "(Jijiyoyin Ƙafafun Jijiyoyi)" suna fitar da ƙananan rassan da yawa. Mafi girma daga cikinsu ana kiransa "(Jijiyoyin Ƙafafun Jijiyoyi na Baya)". Wannan yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan jijiyoyin jini guda uku waɗanda ke ba da jini ga "Cerebellum" ɗinmu, wato, ƙaramin ɓangare na kwakwalwa (cerebellum). Wannan "Cerebellum" yana da matuƙar muhimmanci. Yana taimakawa wajen sarrafa abubuwa da yawa a jikinmu, kamar daidaito, motsi, magana, da gani.

To, ina waɗannan "Jijiyoyin Ƙafafu" suke?

Waɗannan jijiyoyin jini guda biyu (Vertebral Artery) suna farawa daga (Subclavian Artery)' a ƙarƙashin ƙashin wuyanmu, wato, a ƙarƙashin ƙashin "clavicle" na clavicle. Waɗannan jijiyoyin jini na Subclavian suna farawa daga "Aorta", wanda shine babban jijiyoyin jini a jikinmu. "Aorta" shine wanda ke ɗauke da jini daga zuciya zuwa ga dukkan jiki. A takaice dai, "Subclavian Artery" a gefen dama yana farawa daga "Brachiocephalic Artery" wanda ya fito daga "Aorta" na clavian. "Subclavian Artery" a gefen hagu yana farawa kai tsaye daga "Aorta" na clavian.

Sai waɗannan jijiyoyin jini guda biyu (Jijiyoyin ƙashin baya) daban-daban, suna hawa gefen hagu da dama na kashin bayanmu a wuya. Waɗannan jijiyoyin jini suna rufe da tsokoki da ake kira ''Tsokoki masu kama da juna'' a gindin kwanyar. Muna kuma kiran wannan yanki da ''(Alwatika mai kama da juna)''.

Waɗanne sassa ne na musamman na jijiyar Vertebral a kan hanyarta?

Ka yi tunanin kamar doguwar hanya. Akwai mahadar hanyoyi daban-daban da wurare daban-daban a kan wannan hanyar. Haka nan aka raba wannan '(Jijiyoyin Ƙafa)' zuwa sassa huɗu ('sassan') bisa ga yankin da take tafiya. Bari mu ga menene su:

• Sashe na V1 (kafin-foraminal):Wannan shine kashi na farko da ya fara da "Subclavian Artery". Yana bayan "Carotid Artery", wani babban jijiyar a wuya.
• Sashen V2 (foraminal): Wannan sashe yana hawa tare da jijiyoyin ƙashi (jijiyoyin da ke ɗauke da jini) da jijiyoyi. Wannan "Jijiyoyin ƙashi" yana shiga ta wata hanya da ake kira "Transverse Foramen" a cikin ƙashin ƙashi na C6 (watau ƙashin ƙashi na shida a wuya) kuma yana fita ta cikin ƙashin ƙashi na C2 (ƙashin ƙashi na biyu a ƙarƙashin kwanyar).
• Sashe na V3 (na waje ko na waje): Wannan sashe yana lanƙwasawa da juyawa kaɗan yayin da yake wucewa ta kan ƙashin C1 (wanda kuma ake kira "Atlas", wanda shine ƙashin da ke saman kashin baya) kuma yana shiga cikin kwanyar.
• Sashe na V4 (cikin kwakwalwa ko cikin kwakwalwa): Wannan shine sashe na ƙarshe da ke shiga cikin kwanyar. Sannan dama da hagu `(Jijiyoyin Vertebral)` sun haɗu don samar da `(Jijiyoyin Basilar)` da aka ambata a baya.

Shin kun ga yadda waɗannan jijiyoyin suke da sarkakiya wajen samar da jini ga kwakwalwarmu?

Wadanne cututtuka da cututtuka ne zasu iya shafar jijiyoyin ƙashi (Vertebral Artery)?

To, yanzu bari mu ga irin matsalolin da waɗannan jijiyoyin jini masu daraja za su iya haifarwa.

A mafi yawan lokuta, matsaloli suna tasowa ne saboda tarin kitse da cholesterol a cikin waɗannan jijiyoyin jini, wanda muke kira da ''plaque''. Wannan kamar datti ne da tarkace da ke taruwa a cikin bututun ruwa akan lokaci. Muna kiran wannan yanayin ''(atherosclerosis)'' . Idan wannan ''plaque'' ya taru da yawa, jijiyar na iya toshe gaba ɗaya.

Idan `(Atherosclerosis)` ta taso a cikin `(Vertebral Artery)` kamar haka, ana kiranta `(Vertebral Artery Stenosis)`. Wannan yana nufin jijiyar ta yi ƙunci. Me zai iya haifar da hakan?

• Kumburin jini na iya tasowa. Guduwar jini na iya toshewa a waɗannan wurare masu ƙunci kuma kumburin jini na iya tasowa.
• Katsewar jinin da ke gudana a kwakwalwa na ɗan lokaci na iya haifar da "Attack Ischemic Attack - TIA". Muna kuma kiran wannan "ƙaramin bugun jini".
• Shanyewar jiki na iya faruwa. Wannan na iya faruwa idan toshewar jini ya toshe jijiyar kwakwalwa gaba ɗaya.
• Wani yanayi da ake kira "Vertebrobasilar insufficiency" na iya faruwa. Wannan yana nufin cewa kwakwalwa ba ta karɓar isasshen jini ba.

Baya ga wannan, akwai wasu yanayi da ke shafar waɗannan jijiyoyin:

• Ragewar Jijiyoyin Jijiyoyin Ceri: Wannan tsagewa ce a bangon ko dai jijiyar carotid ko vertebral a wuya. Wannan na iya faruwa ne sakamakon rauni, ko kuma a cikin mutanen da ke da raunin jijiyoyin jini saboda wasu matsalolin haɗin gwiwa (kamar Fibromuscular Dysplasia).
• `(Juyawan jijiyoyin jini na Vertebral Stenosis)`: Wannan yanayi ne da ba kasafai ake samunsa ba. Yawanci yana faruwa ne lokacin da aka matse `(Jijiyoyin Vertebral)` saboda girman ƙashi da ba a so, wanda ke hana kwararar jini zuwa kwakwalwa. Wannan kuma ana kiransa `(Ciwon Bowhunter)` saboda wannan matsi wani lokacin yana ƙaruwa yayin da ake matsa kibiya.

To ta yaya za mu kiyaye waɗannan "jijiyoyin ƙashi na ƙashi" masu daraja lafiya?

Wannan shine mafi mahimmanci. Idan muka yi ƙananan canje-canje a rayuwarmu, za mu iya rage haɗarin kamuwa da cututtuka kamar ''(Vertebral Artery Stenosis)'' sosai. Duba ko za ku iya yin waɗannan abubuwan:

• Ka kasance mai motsa jiki a mafi yawan ranakun mako. Wannan yana nufin motsa jiki. Ko da ɗan gajeren tafiya yana da kyau.
• Ku ci abinci mai kyau ga zuciya. Abincin da ke da ƙarancin kitse, cholesterol, da gishiri ya fi kyau. Ku ci ƙarin kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itatuwa, hatsi cikakke, da abinci mai yawan fiber.
• Kiyaye nauyin da ya dace da tsayinki yana da matuƙar muhimmanci.
• Idan kana da cututtuka kamar ciwon suga, hawan jini, ko kuma yawan sinadarin cholesterol, ka kula da su sosai. Ka bi umarnin likitanka daidai.
• Idan kana shan taba, to ka daina. Shan taba yana da matukar illa ga jijiyoyin jini.

Ka tuna, waɗannan abubuwan ba wai kawai suna taimakawa wajen kiyaye "Jijiyoyin ƙashin ƙugu" ba, har ma da dukkan tsarin jijiyoyin jikinka lafiya.

Yaushe ya kamata ka ga likita?

Akwai wasu alamomin da, idan sun bayyana, ya kamata ka ga likita nan take, domin suna iya zama alamun wata mummunar cuta.

• Alamomin bugun jini: Musamman,
• Juyawar ƙashi mai tsanani
• Rashin daidaito a jiki (rashin daidaito)
• Gani biyu ko asarar gani
• Inna
• Idan kakan faɗi akai-akai ba tare da wani dalili ba `(Ba a yi bayani ba)`

Idan kai ko wani da ka sani yana fuskantar wannan, kada ka ɓata lokaci ka nemi shawarar likita nan take. Da zarar ka magance wata cuta kamar ''(Bugun jini)'', sakamakon zai fi kyau.

To, bari mu tuna da muhimman abubuwan da muka tattauna? (Saƙon Gida)

Yanzu kun san cewa "Jijiyoyin ƙashin baya" da muka yi magana a kansu a yau muhimmin tsarin jijiyoyin jini ne waɗanda ke samar da jini ga kwakwalwarmu da ƙashin baya. Kiyaye waɗannan lafiyayyun yana da mahimmanci don ingantaccen aikin "tsarin jijiyoyi" ɗinmu.

Ciwon jijiyoyin ƙashi, ko kuma rashin isasshen jini, yana faruwa ne sakamakon tarin plaque a cikin jijiyoyin. Wannan yana takaita kwararar jini kuma yana ƙara haɗarin bugun jini da TIA.

Amma labari mai daɗi shine za mu iya rage wannan haɗarin sosai ta hanyar yin canje-canje a salon rayuwa mai kyau. Hanya mafi kyau ta yin hakan ita ce cin abinci mai kyau, motsa jiki akai-akai , guje wa shan taba, da kuma kula da yanayin lafiya da ake ciki (kamar ciwon suga da hawan jini) .

Don haka, ku kula da lafiyarku. Domin babu abin da ya fi lafiya muhimmanci!

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