Madhuri, wata uwa mai shekaru 32 mai 'ya'ya biyu, wacce ta zo asibiti na a safiyar ranar, ta tambaye ni da tsananin son sani da fargaba.
"Dr. Priya, koyaushe ina dafa shinkafa ga iyalinmu a cikin tukunyar dafa shinkafa. Amma kwanan nan na ga a cikin jarida cewa shinkafa na iya ƙunsar arsenic, wani sinadari mai cutarwa ga jiki. Shin wannan gaskiya ne, likita? Shin wannan zai cutar da yarana ƙanana? Shin babu wata hanyar da za mu guji wannan?" Madhuri ta tambaya.
Na kwantar da hankalin Madhuri na ce, "Madhuri, tambayar da kika yi tana da matuƙar muhimmanci. A zamanin yau, kashi 95% na gidaje suna dafa shinkafa a cikin tukunyar shinkafa ta hanyar auna ruwa. Wannan hanyar dafa abinci ba tare da tace ruwa ba tana ƙara yiwuwar arsenic a cikin shinkafa ya shiga jikinmu. Don haka a yau, bari mu yi magana game da yadda arsenic ke shiga cikin shinkafa, yadda yake cutar da jikinmu, da kuma yadda za mu cire arsenic daga shinkafa ta amfani da hanyoyin kimiyya da kakanninmu suka yi amfani da su."
Ina ake samun arsenic a cikin shinkafa?
Arsenic sinadari ne da ke samuwa a zahiri a cikin ƙananan adadi a cikin ƙasa, ruwa, da iska. Duk da haka, ana samun arsenic a cikin adadi mai yawa a cikin magungunan kashe kwari da magungunan kashe kwari (maganin kashe kwari) da takin zamani da ake amfani da su a noma na zamani.
Tunda tsire-tsire na shinkafa suna shan ruwa fiye da sauran tsire-tsire yayin girma, arsenic da ke narkewa a cikin ƙasa da ruwa yana sha cikin sauƙi kuma yana shiga cikin hatsin shinkafa. Bincike ya nuna cewa shinkafa ita ce babbar hanyar abinci da arsenic ke shiga jikin ɗan adam. Arsenic galibi nau'i biyu ne:
1. Sinadarin Arsenic na Halitta: Yana da ƙarancin guba.
2. Sinadarin Arsenic mara tsari: Wannan shine sinadari mafi guba a cikin arsenic.
🚨 Jajayen Alamu na Gubar Arsenic Mai Yawa Da Ke Bukatar Maganin Gaggawa
Alamomin da ke ƙasa na iya faruwa saboda yawan taruwar arsenic a jiki (Guɓatar Arsenic), kuma a irin wannan yanayin, ya kamata a nemi taimakon likita nan take:
- Ciwon ciki mai tsanani da kuma amai mai ɗorewa.
- Gudawa mai ruwa tare da wani irin wari mai ban mamaki, kamar ƙamshin tafarnuwa.
- Jin jiri/ƙanƙancewa a hannuwa da ƙafafu.
- Tabo masu duhu a fata waɗanda ba a iya gani a fili ba da kuma tsokoki masu tauri da zafi.
Lalacewar jiki na dogon lokaci daga arsenic
Tarin arsenic mara amfani na dogon lokaci a cikin shinkafa na iya haifar da cututtuka masu tsanani:
1. Tasiri ga ƙananan yara:
Yara ƙanana suna da matuƙar saurin kamuwa da arsenic saboda yadda suke sarrafa metabolism ɗinsu da sauri idan aka kwatanta da girman jikinsu.
- Rage IQ (ƙimar hankali): Girman ƙwayoyin kwakwalwa na iya lalacewa, wanda ke haifar da rashin koyo da ci gaban hankali ga yara.
- Rauni a garkuwar jiki: Ƙara yawan kamuwa da rashin lafiya akai-akai.
2. Tasiri ga manya:
- Haɗarin Ciwon Daji: Shaƙar arsenic na dogon lokaci yana ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon daji na fata , ciwon huhu, da kuma ciwon daji na mafitsara .
- Ciwon zuciya da ciwon suga: Yana lalata bangon jijiyoyin jini, yana ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon zuciya, kuma yana lalata aikin insulin, wanda ke haifar da ciwon suga.
Binciken kimiyya kan hanyoyin girkin shinkafa
Masana kimiyya sun gudanar da gwaje-gwaje da dama kan adadin arsenic da aka cire yayin dafa shinkafa:
- Bincike daga Andrea Raab da tawagarsa: Sun nuna cewa idan muka yi amfani da mafi ƙarancin rabon ruwa da muke amfani da shi wajen dafa shinkafa a cikin tukunyar shinkafa (kamar kofuna 2.5 na ruwa ga kofi 1 na shinkafa), ba a cire sinadarin arsenic da ke cikin shinkafar kwata-kwata, kuma ana ƙara shi a jiki tare da shinkafar.
- Binciken M. Azizur Rahman da tawagarsa: Sun gano cewa ta hanyar ƙara ruwa yayin dafa shinkafa sannan a tace sauran ruwan bayan an dafa shinkafar (Hanyar Magudanar Ruwa), ana cire fiye da kashi 50% na sinadarin arsenic mara halitta da ke cikin shinkafar tare da ruwan.
Hikimar kimiyya ta kakanninmu
Kakanninmu suna dafa shinkafa a kan murhu ta hanyar ƙara ruwa a babban tukunya. Bayan shinkafar ta dahu, sai su yi amfani da na'urar tacewa don tace ruwan bran da ya wuce kima (ruwan porridge na shinkafa).
Duk da cewa ba su san dalilin kimiyya na wannan a lokacin ba, binciken kimiyyar zamani ya tabbatar da cewa hanya mafi kyau kuma mafi koshin lafiya don cire arsenic daga shinkafa ita ce "hanyar tace porridge" da kakanninmu suka yi amfani da ita.
Matakai 5 da za a bi domin dafa shinkafa lafiya
Zaka iya rage yawan arsenic a cikin shinkafa a gida cikin sauƙi ta hanyar bin waɗannan matakan:
1. A wanke shinkafar sosai: Kafin a dafa, a wanke shinkafar sosai. Wankewa yana cire kusan kashi 10% na sinadarin arsenic a wajen shinkafar.
2. Jika Shinkafa: A jika shinkafar a cikin ruwa na tsawon akalla awanni 4-8 ko kuma dare ɗaya kafin a dafa. Sannan a tace sannan a sake wankewa.
3. Ƙara ruwa: Ƙara ruwa sau 6 na yadda aka saba (kofuna 6 na ruwa ga kofi 1 na shinkafa) sannan a dafa.
4. A tace ruwan da ya wuce kima: Bayan shinkafar ta dahu, a tace duk wani ruwan da ya wuce kima da ya rage a cikin tukunya ko tukunya sannan a cire shi gaba daya.
5. Yi amfani da ruwa mai tsafta: Idan kana zaune a yankunan da sinadarin arsenic ke da yawa a cikin ruwa (misali yankunan Rajarata), yi amfani da ruwan da aka tsarkake (Tace/Rot) maimakon ruwan rijiya don wankewa da dafa shinkafa.
Abubuwan da za a yi & waɗanda ba za a yi ba
| ✔️ Abubuwan da za a yi (Ayyuka) | ❌ Abubuwan da ba a so |
|---|---|
| Ƙara nau'ikan abinci ga abincin yaranku. Baya ga shinkafa, ku bayar da dankalin gida kamar kurakkan, thanahal, da rogo. | Kada a ba wa yara 'yan ƙasa da shekara 5 madarar shinkafa a matsayin madadin madarar farko. |
| Lokacin sayen shinkafa, yi ƙoƙarin zaɓar nau'ikan shinkafa na gida waɗanda ake nomawa ta hanyar halitta. | Kada a dafa shinkafa kai tsaye a cikin tukunyar shinkafa ba tare da an wanke ta sosai ba kuma an jiƙa ta. |
| Da zarar shinkafar ta dahu, kada a bar tukunyar shinkafar a wurin "Dumi" har sai ruwan ya bushe, amma a zubar da ruwan nan take. | A ƙarfafa manoma su takaita amfani da takin zamani da magungunan kashe kwari ba tare da wani dalili ba a fannin noma. |
❓ Wasu tambayoyi da za ku iya yi (FAQ)
Shin za a iya kawar da sinadarin arsenic gaba ɗaya ta hanyar wankewa da jiƙa shinkafa? ▼
A'a, ba za a iya cire shi gaba ɗaya ba. Yayin da wankewa da jiƙawa za su cire wasu, yawancin sauran za a iya cire su ta hanyar dafawa da ruwa mai yawa sannan a tace ruwan.
Me ya sa bai dace a bai wa yara ƙanana madarar shinkafa ba? ▼
Madarar shinkafa tana ɗauke da sinadarin arsenic mai yawa. Wannan adadin arsenic, idan aka kwatanta da nauyin jikin yara ƙanana, na iya haifar da mummunar illa ga ci gabansu da kwakwalwarsu, don haka bai kamata a bai wa yara 'yan ƙasa da shekara 5 ba.
Shin kabeji ja yana ɗauke da sinadarin arsenic fiye da farin kabeji? ▼
Eh, gabaɗaya, saman shinkafar (bran/husk) ya fi saurin taruwar arsenic. Duk da cewa shinkafa ja ko shinkafar launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa yana da abinci mai gina jiki, sinadarin arsenic na iya ɗan fi shinkafar fari girma. Saboda haka, yana da mahimmanci a jiƙa da tace ruwan yayin dafa shinkafar bran.
Yadda ake dafa shinkafa a cikin tukunyar shinkafa ba tare da arsenic ba? ▼
Za ka iya dafa shinkafa a cikin tukunyar shinkafa ta hanyar ƙara ruwa. Idan shinkafar ta dahu sosai, kashe tukunyar shinkafa, zubar da ruwan da ya wuce kima, sannan ka kunna tukunyar (a yanayin dumi) don ta busar da shinkafar kaɗan.
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