Bari mu koyi game da Hepcidin, wanda ke sarrafa ƙarfe a jiki?

Shin kun taɓa jin sunan Hepcidin? Wataƙila ba ku taɓa jin sa ba. Amma wannan wani abu ne da ke taka muhimmiyar rawa a jikinmu. A taƙaice dai, wannan Hepcidin shine babban wanda ke sarrafa adadin ƙarfe a jikinmu. Don haka a yau, bari mu yi magana game da wannan Hepcidin, da kuma abin da yake yi wa jikinmu, cikin sauƙi da kuma cikin abokantaka.

Menene Hepcidin? A takaice dai...

Hepcidin wani sinadari ne da ake samarwa a jikinmu. Hormone kamar ƙaramin manzo ne wanda ke sarrafa kowane aiki a jikinmu kuma yana jigilar bayanai akai-akai. Don haka wannan sinadari mai suna hepcidin shine abin da ke tantance yadda jikinmu ke amfani da ƙarfe, adadin ƙarfe da jiki ke buƙata, da kuma adadin da yake buƙata don adanawa.

Iron wani muhimmin ma'adinai ne ga jikinmu. Shin kun san cewa ƙarfe muhimmin sinadari ne wajen samar da sinadarin haemoglobin na furotin a cikin ƙwayoyin jininmu na ja? Wannan sinadarin haemoglobin shine abin da ke ɗaurewa da iskar oxygen kuma yana kai shi ga kyallen jikinmu da gabobinmu a ko'ina cikin jiki. Yana aiki kamar motar iskar oxygen!

Ba wai kawai haka ba, ana buƙatar ƙarfe don samar da furotin mai suna myoglobin, wanda ke samar da iskar oxygen ga tsokoki da zuciyarmu.

Don haka, wani lokacin ana kiran wannan hepcidin "master of iron control." Dalilin haka shine yana sarrafa adadin ƙarfe da ƙwayoyinmu ke buƙata don yin abubuwa masu mahimmanci kamar samar da haemoglobin da ƙwayoyin jinin ja. Ka yi tunanin, me zai faru idan muna da ƙarancin ƙarfe? Rashin ƙarfe na iya tasowa. Wannan yana nufin jiki baya samar da isassun ƙwayoyin jinin ja. A gefe guda kuma, idan muna da ƙarfe da yawa fa? Wannan kuma yana da matukar illa ga jiki, kamar guba, wani lokacin ma yana barazana ga rayuwa.

Ina ake samar da wannan hepcidin a jikinmu?

Ana samar da Hepcidin ne galibi a cikin hanta . Da zarar an samar da shi, yana shiga cikin jininmu.

Menene Hepcidin yake yi a zahiri?

Mun taɓa cewa hepcidin shine "mai kula da tsarin ƙarfe." Wato, yana taimakawa wajen kiyaye yanayin ƙarfe a jikinmu, ma'ana ana kiyaye adadin ƙarfe a matakin da ya dace, ba ƙarami ko yawa ba.

Muna samun ƙarfe daga abincin da muke ci. Muna samun ƙarfe daga abinci kamar nama, kifi, kayan lambu, da goro. Duk da haka, ba kamar sauran ma'adanai ba, jikinmu ba shi da wata hanya ta dindindin ta kawar da baƙin ƙarfe mai yawa. Misali, idan muna da sodium da yawa, za a fitar da shi a cikin fitsari. Duk da haka, ƙarfe yana ɓacewa kaɗan ne kawai daga jikinmu, ko dai ta hanyar zubar jini ko lokacin da ƙwayoyin halitta suka mutu.

Madadin haka, jikinmu yana adana ƙarfe, don amfani da shi lokacin da ake buƙata. Muna da ƙarfe a wurare kamar ƙashin ƙashinmu, saifa, da hanta . Kimanin kashi 70% na jimlar ƙarfe a cikin jiki yana cikin haemoglobin a cikin waɗannan ƙwayoyin jinin ja da muka yi magana a kai a baya.

Don haka, wannan hepcidin shine abin da ke tallafawa hanyoyin da ke taimakawa wajen adana ƙarfe, motsa shi daga wuri ɗaya zuwa wani, da kuma sake amfani da shi. Yana yin hakan ta hanyar sarrafa ƙarfen da ke cikin ƙwayoyin halittarmu don ya kasance a shirye lokacin da ake buƙata, da kuma don kada ƙarfen da ya wuce kima ya zama matsala ga jiki.

Hepcidin yana da hannu a cikin:

• Sarrafa shan ƙarfe: Shan ƙarfe shine hanyar da ƙarfe daga abincin da muke ci ke shiga cikin jininmu daga ƙaramin hanjinmu. Sai bayan ya isa jinin jiki ne jiki zai iya amfani da ƙarfen. Don haka, hepcidin yana sarrafa adadin ƙarfen da ke shiga cikin jinin da kuma adadin da ake adanawa.
• Sake Amfani da Iron a cikin Macrophages: Macrophages wani nau'in farin jini ne wanda yake kama da sojojin tsaftace jikinmu. Su ne waɗanda ke lalata tsoffin ƙwayoyin jinin ja, waɗanda ke mutuwa kuma suke ba da hanya ga sabbin ƙwayoyin jinin ja. Bargon ƙashinmu yana samar da sabbin ƙwayoyin jinin ja kusan duk bayan kwana 120. Don haka, lokacin da macrophages ke lalata waɗannan tsoffin ƙwayoyin jinin ja, suna kama ƙarfen daga haemoglobin da ke cikinsu. Hepcidin yana yanke shawara ko an adana wannan ƙarfe a cikin macrophages ko kuma an sake shi cikin jiki.
• Sakin ƙarfe da aka adana: Ana adana ƙarfe a cikin ƙwayoyin hanta (wanda ake kira hepatocytes) da kuma cikin ƙwayoyin ƙananan hanjinmu (wanda ake kira enterocytes ). Hepcidin yana sarrafa ko wannan ƙarfen yana cikin waɗannan ƙwayoyin ko kuma an sake shi don amfani.

Ta yaya hepcidin ke sarrafa shan ƙarfe?

Abin da ke da ban sha'awa shi ne cewa hepcidin ba ya daidaita shan ƙarfe ta hanyar fara kowace hanya. Madadin haka, yana yin hakan ta hanyar dakatar da hanyoyin da ke taimakawa wajen shan ƙarfe.

Hepcidin yana aiki da wani furotin da ake kira ferroportin . Wannan ferroportin yana kama da "mai jigilar ƙarfe" a jikinmu. Aikinsa shine sakin ƙarfe daga wuraren ajiyarsa (macrophages, hepatocytes, enterocytes) da kuma motsa ƙarfe a tsakanin ƙwayoyin jiki. Ferroportin shine abin da ke jigilar ƙarfe daga ƙaramin hanji zuwa cikin jini don jiki ya iya amfani da shi.

Hepcidin yana manne da wannan ferroportin. Sannan ferroportin ya lalace. Idan hakan ta faru, ƙarfen da ferroportin zai iya ɗauka zuwa cikin jini yana makale a wuraren da aka adana shi.

Ka yi tunani game da shi ta wannan hanyar:

* Idan hepcidin ya ƙaru , yana da wuya ferroportin ya jigilar ƙarfe zuwa jini. Wannan yana nufin cewa shan ƙarfe yana raguwa.

* Lokacin da hepcidin ya yi ƙasaFerroportin na iya jigilar ƙarfe cikin jini cikin sauƙi. Wannan yana nufin cewa shan ƙarfe yana ƙaruwa.

Ka fahimta? Abu ne mai sauƙi, ko ba haka ba?

Wadanne abubuwa ne ke shafar adadin Hepcidin a jikinmu?

Nawa hepcidin da kake da shi a jikinka yana faruwa ne ta hanyar siginar da jikinka ke aikawa. Saboda dalilai daban-daban, jikinka yana karɓar siginar yin hepcidin.

Ga wasu irin waɗannan abubuwa:

• Jimlar ƙarfe a jiki: Idan jiki ba shi da ƙarancin ƙarfe, yana nuna wa jiki cewa ya rage samar da hepcidin. Idan jiki yana da yawan ƙarfe, yana nuna wa jiki cewa ya ƙara samar da hepcidin.
• Samar da ƙwayoyin jinin ja: Idan jiki yana buƙatar ƙarin haemoglobin don samar da ƙwayoyin jinin ja, matakan hepcidin suna raguwa. Wannan shine lokacin da ferroportin zai iya fitar da ƙarfe ya kuma taimaka wajen samar da sabbin ƙwayoyin.
• Ƙarancin iskar oxygen (Hypoxia): Hypoxia shine lokacin da kyallen jikinka ba sa samun isasshen iskar oxygen. Idan matakan iskar oxygen suka yi ƙasa, jiki yana aika saƙo ga jiki don rage Hepcidin. Wannan yana fitar da Ferroportin, wanda ke fitar da ƙarfe don samar da haemoglobin. Hemoglobin shine abin da ke ɗaukar iskar oxygen ta cikin ƙwayoyin jinin ja.
• Kumburi da rauni ko kamuwa da cuta ke haifarwa: A irin waɗannan lokutan, matakin hepcidin yana ƙaruwa. Dalilin haka shine dakatar da sakin ƙarfe cikin jiki. Yawancin ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa, kamar ƙwayoyin cuta, suna amfani da ƙarfe don girma. Don haka ta hanyar ƙara hepcidin, rage ƙarfe, kuna hana waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta samun ƙarfe. Wayo, ko ba haka ba?

Wadanne yanayi ne ke faruwa idan matakan hepcidin ba su da kyau?

Yanzu ka san muhimmancin hepcidin. Don haka, idan ya yi yawa ko ya yi ƙasa sosai, zai iya haifar da matsala.

Idan akwai hepcidin da yawa , jiki ba zai iya shan isasshen ƙarfe ba, wanda ke haifar da yanayi kamar ƙarancin ƙarfe.

Idan hepcidin bai isa ba , jiki zai iya shan ƙarfe da yawa, wanda hakan zai haifar da yawan ƙarfe.

Cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da ƙarancin sinadarin hecidin

Idan matakan hepcidin suka yi ƙasa, ana iya ganin waɗannan yanayi:

• Rashin ƙarfe a jini: Wannan shine nau'in rashin ƙarfe da aka fi sani da shi wanda ke da alaƙa da raguwar hepcidin. Wani lokaci matakan hepcidin ba za a iya gano su ba. Wannan yana nuna cewa jiki yana ƙoƙarin jigilar ƙarfe zuwa jini ta hanyar sakin ferroportin.
• Haihuwar hemochromatosis:Wannan cuta ce ta kwayoyin halitta. Saboda maye gurbi a cikin ƙwayoyin halitta, hanta tana samar da ƙarancin adadin hepcidin. Sakamakon haka, jiki yana shan ƙarfe da yawa. Wannan ƙarfen da ya wuce kima yana ajiyewa galibi a cikin zuciya, hanta, da pancreas.
• Ciwon jini mai ɗauke da ƙarfe: Waɗannan nau'in ciwon jini ne. Duk da haka, a wannan yanayin, ba rashin ƙarfe ba ne, amma yawan ƙarfe ne. Matsalolin da ke tattare da samar da ƙwayoyin jinin ja suna haifar da raguwar samar da hepcidin. Sakamakon haka, ferroportin yana fitar da ƙarfe da yawa.
• Hepatitis C: Wannan kamuwa da cuta ce ta hanta wadda kwayar cuta (HCV) ke haifarwa. Wannan kwayar cutar tana rage karfin jiki na samar da hepcidin.
• Ciwon suga na nau'in 2: Wasu bincike sun nuna cewa mutanen da ke fama da ciwon suga na nau'in 2 sun rage yawan sinadarin hepcidin, wanda hakan ke haifar da yawan sinadarin iron. Insulin, maganin da aka saba yi wa ciwon suga, na iya zama sanadin hakan.

Cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da ƙaruwar matakan hecidin

Ƙara yawan sinadarin hepcidin yana da alaƙa da rashin sinadarin ƙarfe wanda ba shi da sinadarin ƙarfe. Wato, rashin sinadarin ƙarfe wanda ba ya faruwa ba tare da rashin sinadarin ƙarfe ba. Waɗannan na iya faruwa ne saboda yanayin kwayoyin halitta, wanda ke haifar da yawan samar da sinadarin hepcidin.

Matakan Hepcidin suma suna ƙaruwa a cikin yanayi da ake kira anemias of inflammation ko anemia of chronic disease (ACD) . A cikin ACD, kumburi yana sa jiki ya fitar da furotin da ake kira cytokine . Wannan furotin yana ƙara matakan hepcidin.

Wasu cututtuka da ka iya alaƙa da ACD sun haɗa da:

• Cututtuka masu tsanani
• Cutar Crohn
• Ciwon daji
• Ciwon koda na yau da kullun

Don haka za ku iya gani, Hepcidin abu ne mai matuƙar muhimmanci wanda ke sarrafa amfani da ƙarfe a jikinmu. Ta hanyar dakatar da fitar da baƙin ƙarfe, Hepcidin yana sarrafa ikon jikinmu na samar da haemoglobin da ƙwayoyin jinin ja. Ta wannan hanyar, Hepcidin yana shafar yawan iskar oxygen da ake samu a cikin jiki a kaikaice. Hepcidin kuma yana hana jiki shan ƙarfe da yawa. Domin yawan ƙarfe na iya haifar da matsaloli masu tsanani a cikin dogon lokaci.

Abubuwan da ya kamata mu tuna daga wannan labarin (Saƙon Gida)

To, mun yi magana sosai game da Hepcidin a yau, ko ba haka ba? A taƙaice:

• Hepcidin wani hormone ne da ake samarwa a cikin hanta.
• Wannan shine babban mai daidaita adadin ƙarfe a jikinmu. Yana kama da "Iron Lord."
• Muna buƙatar ƙarfe don samar da haemoglobin, wanda shine abin da ke ɗaukar iskar oxygen a cikin jiki.
• Matsayin Hepcidin,Ana sarrafa sha, adanawa, da kuma sakin ƙarfe ta hanyar wani furotin da ake kira ferroportin.
• Idan hepcidin ya yi ƙasa , za a iya shanye ƙarfe mai yawa , wanda hakan zai haifar da yawan ƙarfe . Wannan na iya haifar da yanayi kamar haemochromatosis na gado.
• Idan hepcidin ya yi yawa , shan ƙarfe na iya raguwa, wanda ke haifar da ƙarancin ƙarfe (wani lokacin kumburi yana haifar da shi).
• Domin samun lafiya, dole ne a daidaita matakan ƙarfe na jiki da matakan Hepcidin.

Don haka, idan kana da wata matsala da sinadarin iron, ko kuma idan kana da alamun kamar rashin jini, ya fi kyau ka ga likita ka nemi shawara. Haka kuma yana da matukar muhimmanci ka san abubuwa kamar haka.

Hepcidin , baƙin ƙarfe, anemia, hormones, haemoglobin, hanta, ferroportin