Shin ka taɓa shiga jirgin sama, kana tashi ko sauka, kuma ka ji kamar kunnuwanka sun toshe ko sun cika ba zato ba tsammani? Ko kuma wataƙila ka ji ɗan ciwo a kunnenka kuma ka ji wani irin rashin jin daɗi? Mutane da yawa sun taɓa fuskantar wannan. Wannan shine abin da muke kira "Kunnen Jirgin Sama." Amma ba wai kawai jiragen sama ba ne. Hakanan yana iya faruwa lokacin da kake cikin lif mai sauri, hawa duwatsu, ko nutsewa. A fannin likitanci, muna kiran wannan yanayin Kunne Barotrauma. Don haka a yau, bari mu yi magana game da shi a cikin sauƙi.
A taƙaice dai, menene barotrauma na kunne?
Barotrauma na kunne yana da lahani ga kunnuwanmu idan akwai bambanci tsakanin matsin lamba a cikin kunnuwanmu da matsin lamba na iska da muke ji a waje. Ka yi tunani a kai, akwai tsakiyar kunnuwanmu. Akwai ƙaramin bututu wanda ke haɗa wannan kunnen tsakiya zuwa bayan makogwaronmu. Wannan ana kiransa bututun Eustachian . Babban aikinsa shine kiyaye matsin lamba na iska a ɓangarorin dunƙule biyu a matakin ɗaya.
Ka yi tunanin, idan muka hau jirgin sama, matsin lamba na iska da ke kewaye da mu yana raguwa da sauri. Amma matsin lamba a cikin kunne ba ya raguwa a daidai wannan lokacin. Sannan akwai rashin daidaiton matsin lamba a ɓangarorin biyu na dodon kunne. Kamar balan-balan ne da aka hura. Matsin iska a ciki ya fi girma, kuma waje yana ƙasa. A lokacin ne bututun Eustachian ya buɗe, yana barin wasu iskar da ta wuce kima a cikin kunne ya kuma daidaita matsin lamba. Lokacin da jirgin ya sauka, akasin haka yake faruwa. Matsin lamba na waje yana ƙaruwa, kuma matsin lamba a cikin kunne yana raguwa. Sannan wannan bututun yana buɗewa, yana ɗaukar iska daga waje yana daidaita matsin lamba.
Amma wani lokacin saurin da wannan canjin matsin lamba ke faruwa yana da sauri sosai. Sannan wannan ƙaramin bututun Eustachian ba zai iya daidaitawa da wannan saurin ba. A lokacin ne muke jin matsin lamba, zafi, da kuma jin toshewar kunnenmu. Wannan shine abin da muke kira barotrauma na kunne.
Mene ne alamun wannan yanayin?
A mafi yawan lokuta, waɗannan alamomin ba su da tsanani sosai, amma wani lokacin suna iya zama mafi tsanani. Bari mu dubi manyan alamomin.
| Alamar | Yadda yake ji |
|---|---|
| Ciwon kunne/toshewa | Alamar da aka fi sani ita ce jin toshewar kunne ko kuma jin toshewar kunne. |
| Matsalar ji | Jin kamar ba za ka iya jin sautin da ke kewaye da kai yadda ya kamata ba, jin jiri. |
| Ciwon kunne | Ciwon kai mai tsanani a cikin kunne saboda matsin lamba. Wani lokaci wannan na iya zama mai tsanani. |
| Jin jiri | Idan daidaiton kunne ya shafi, za ka iya jin jiri. |
| Fitar ruwa daga kunne | Wannan abu ne da ba kasafai ake samunsa ba, amma idan ya faru, yana iya zama alamar fashewar kunne. |
Me yasa hakan ke faruwa? Menene manyan dalilan?
Kamar yadda muka tattauna a baya, babban abin da ke haifar da hakan shi ne rashin daidaito tsakanin matsin iska na waje da matsin lamba a tsakiyar kunne. Wannan ya fi faruwa ne saboda rashin aikin bututun Eustachian.
Ka yi tunanin kana da mura . Ko kuma hancinka ya toshe kuma ya cika da majina saboda rashin lafiyan jiki . A wasu lokutan irin waɗannan, bututun Eustachian shi ma zai iya kumbura ya toshe da majina. To wannan bututun ba zai iya buɗewa ko rufewa yadda ya kamata ba. Don haka idan ka tashi a irin wannan lokaci, matsi da ke cikin kunnenka ba zai iya daidaita ba yayin da matsi ke canzawa. To, haɗarin kamuwa da cutar barotrauma ta kunne yana da yawa sosai.
Shin wannan zai iya zama mai tsanani? Waɗanne matsaloli ne ke tattare da hakan?
A mafi yawan lokuta, wannan ba wata matsala ba ce mai tsanani. Yawanci yakan tafi da kansa cikin 'yan kwanaki ko kwana ɗaya ko biyu bayan tashi. Duk da haka, ba kasafai ake samun bambancin matsin lamba ba, yana iya haifar da fashewar kunne . Wannan yakan warware da kansa cikin 'yan makonni. Duk da haka, idan kuna da ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan alamun, ya kamata ku ga likita nan da nan :
| Lokacin da za a nemi shawarar likita nan take | |
|---|---|
| Rashin ji | Idan jinka ya ragu kwatsam. |
| Jin ƙara a cikin kunnuwa (tinnitus) | Idan kana ci gaba da jin sautin "ƙara" a cikin kunnenka ba tare da wani dalili ba. |
| Ruwa ko zubar jini daga kunne | Idan akwai ɗan ruwa, ƙaiƙayi, ko kuma fitar jini daga kunne. |
| Jin jiri mai tsanani (Vertigo) | Juyawar jiki mai tsanani da tashin zuciya wadda take jin kamar duniya tana zagaye da kai. |
Ta yaya likita zai gano wannan?
Idan ka je ganin likita mai waɗannan alamomin, zai fara yi maka wasu tambayoyi.
- Ta yaya aka fara samun waɗannan alamun?
- Shin kwanan nan ka yi tafiya a jirgin sama? Ko kuma ka yi nutsewa?
- Har yaushe wannan rashin jin daɗi ya kasance?
Bayan haka, likita zai yi amfani da ƙaramin kayan aiki da ake kira otoscope don duba cikin kunnenka. Wannan zai iya taimakawa wajen duba lalacewar da ta faru a cikin kunnenka ko kuma kamuwa da cuta a cikin kunnenka. Idan akwai matsalar ji, za a iya tura ka zuwa wurin likitan ji don yin gwajin ji.
Menene hanyoyin magance wannan?
A mafi yawan lokuta, wannan ba ya buƙatar wani magani na musamman. Duk da haka, idan alamun sun yi tsanani ko kuma ba su inganta da sauri ba, likitanka zai iya rubuta magunguna kamar:
- Maganin toshewar hanci: Idan hancinka ya toshe kuma yana da majina, waɗannan na iya taimakawa wajen rage shi da kuma buɗe bututun Eustachian.
- Corticosteroids: Waɗannan suna taimakawa wajen rage kumburi a cikin bututun Eustachian.
- Tiyata: Idan akwai rami a cikin dodon kunne kuma baya warkewa da kansa , to ana iya yin tympanoplasty idan akwai rami a cikin kunnen kunne kuma ba ya warkar da kansa.Ana iya yin ƙaramin tiyata don rufe ramin. Amma ba kasafai ake yin wannan ba.
Ta yaya zan iya hana hakan kafin jirgin sama?
Wannan shine mafi mahimmancin ɓangaren. Ya fi sauƙi a hana rashin lafiya fiye da a yi maganinsa. Idan za ku yi tafiya a jirgin sama, ku gwada waɗannan abubuwan.
| Hanyar | Abin da za a yi |
|---|---|
| Hadiyewa da haɗiyewa | Ci gaba da haɗiyewa da share makogwaro yayin da jirgin sama ke tashi da sauka. Waɗannan ayyukan suna buɗe bututun Eustachian. Taunawa kuma hanya ce mai kyau ta yin hakan. |
| Ga ƙananan yara | Idan kuna tafiya da ƙaramin jariri, ku ba wa jaririn ku kwalban madara, ruwa, ko abin sawa a jiki yayin da kuke hawa jirgin sama da kuma sauka daga jirgin. Haɗiyar tana taimakawa wajen rage matsin lamba a kunne. |
| Hanyar Valsalva | Wannan abu ne mai sauƙi. Rufe bakinka sosai, matse hancinka da yatsun hannunka, sannan ka yi ƙoƙarin hura iska ta hancinka. Za ka ji sautin "pop" yana fitowa daga kunnuwanka kuma kunnuwanka za su buɗe. Kana buƙatar yin hakan a hankali. |
| Maganin sanyi | Idan kana da mura ko rashin lafiyan jiki, yi amfani da maganin feshi na hanci kamar awa ɗaya kafin ka tashi. Ka nemi shawarar likita game da wannan. |
| Maɓallan kunne | Akwai na'urorin kunne na musamman (masu tace kunne) waɗanda aka tsara musamman don tafiye-tafiyen sama waɗanda ke daidaita matsin lamba. Amfani da waɗannan na iya taimakawa wajen rage rashin jin daɗi ta hanyar rage canjin matsin lamba. |
Yaushe kake buƙatar ganin likita?
Wannan yanayin yawanci na ɗan lokaci ne. Duk da haka,
- Idan ciwon kunne da jiri bai tafi ba ko da bayan kwana ɗaya ko biyu bayan tafiyarka,
- Idan ciwon kunne ya ci gaba,
Tabbas ka ga likitanka .
Gaggawa: Idan akwai ruwa ko jini da ke fitowa daga kunne, yana iya zama alamar fashewar kunne. A irin wannan yanayin, a je Sashen Gaggawa na Asibiti (ETU) nan take.
Saƙon Ɗauka Gida
- Barotrauma na kunne yanayi ne da kunne ke lalacewa sakamakon canjin matsin lamba a iska. Wannan abu ne da ya zama ruwan dare a lokacin tafiye-tafiyen sama da nutsewa.
- A mafi yawan lokuta, wannan ba abu ne mai tsanani ba kuma zai warke da kansa.
- Ana iya hana wannan ta hanyar guje wa haɗiyewa, taunar cingam, da sauran abubuwa yayin tashi da sauka.
- Idan kana da mura ko rashin lafiyan jiki, za ka iya rage haɗarin kamuwa da cutar ta hanyar shan magunguna masu dacewa a ƙarƙashin shawarar likita kafin ka tashi.
- Idan alamun suka ci gaba da wanzuwa na tsawon kwanaki da dama, ko kuma idan kun fuskanci alamun kamar fitar kunne, ciwo mai tsanani, ko kuma tsananin jiri, ku nemi likita nan take.
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