Bari mu koyi game da dashen ƙwayoyin halitta na Allogeneic a cikin sauƙi.

Wataƙila likita ya yi magana da wani ɗan uwa ko aboki game da 'dashen ƙwayoyin halitta'. Ko kuma wataƙila an ba ku shawarar wannan maganin don wata cuta ta rashin lafiya kamar cutar sankarar bargo. Abu ne mai sauƙi a ji ɗan tsoro da fargaba idan aka ji wannan sunan. Amma wannan magani ne mai matuƙar muhimmanci wanda zai iya ceton rayuka da yawa. Don haka a yau, bari mu yi magana a sarari game da menene wannan 'Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant', yadda ake yi, da kuma haɗarin da ke tattare da shi.

A taƙaice dai, menene dashen ƙwayoyin halitta na allogeneic?

Wannan abu ne mai sauƙin fahimta. Dashen ƙwayoyin halitta na allogeneic shine lokacin da aka cire ƙwayoyin halitta masu rashin lafiya aka maye gurbinsu da ƙwayoyin halitta daga mai bayarwa mai lafiya da jituwa. Waɗannan ƙwayoyin halitta na asali wani nau'in ƙwayar halitta ne na musamman da ake samu a cikin ƙashin ƙashinmu wanda zai iya girma ya zama kowace irin ƙwayar jini (ƙwayoyin jini ja, fararen ƙwayoyin jini, platelets).

Idan waɗannan ƙwayoyin halitta masu lafiya da aka bayar suka shiga jikinka, suna tafiya zuwa ga bargon ƙashin ka kuma suna fara samar da sabbin ƙwayoyin jini masu lafiya. Wannan magani ne mai ƙarfi wanda zai iya warkar da wasu cututtuka masu tsanani gaba ɗaya. Likitoci galibi suna amfani da wannan maganin ne lokacin da wasu jiyya suka gaza ko kuma lokacin da cutar ta sake dawowa.

Wadanne yanayi ne ake amfani da wannan maganin?

Ana amfani da dashen ƙwayoyin halitta na Allogeneic galibi don cututtukan da suka shafi jini da tsarin garkuwar jiki.

Yaya ake shiryawa kafin a fara magani?

Tunda wannan babban magani ne, likitoci za su gudanar da gwaje-gwaje da dama don duba lafiyar jikinka kafin a fara aikin domin tabbatar da cewa za ka iya jure wa illolin maganin.

Manyan gwaje-gwaje da aka yi

Ƙungiyar likitocinku za ta yi gwaje-gwaje da dama, kamar:

• Cikakken Kididdigar Jini (CBC): Yana duba ƙwayoyin jinin ku na ja, ƙwayoyin jinin farin jini, da kuma matakan platelet.
• Echocardiogram: Duba yadda zuciya ke aiki yadda ya kamata.
• Electrocardiogram (EKG): Yana duba yanayin aikin zuciya.
• Gwaje-gwajen aikin hanta da koda.
• Binciken Maƙogwaro na Kashi: Idan kana da ciwon daji, za a ɗauki ƙaramin samfurin maƙogwaronka a gwada. Wannan yana taimakawa wajen tantance canje-canje a cikin cutar da kuma haɗarin sake dawowa bayan magani.

Kwandishan Kafin Dashen Furen

Bayan waɗannan gwaje-gwajen, za a kwantar da kai a asibiti kuma a ba ka magani da ake kira 'kwankwasawa'. Wannan ya ƙunshi amfani da maganin chemotherapy mai ƙarfi da/ko maganin radiation na jiki gaba ɗaya . Wannan yana da manufofi uku:

1. Rushe duk wani ƙwayar cutar kansa da ya rage a jikinka.

2. Samar da sarari a cikin bargon ƙashi don sabbin ƙwayoyin tushe su girma.

3. Rage karfin garkuwar jikinka. Wannan yana rage karfin jikinka na kai hari (ƙin) sabbin kwayoyin halitta.

Wannan tsari na gyaran jiki yakan ɗauki mako ɗaya ko biyu.

Me ke faruwa a lokacin dashen ƙwayoyin halitta?

Wannan ba abin ciwo ba ne. Ƙungiyar likitocinku za su saka ƙaramin bututu da ake kira catheter na tsakiyar jijiyoyin jini (CVC) a cikin babban jijiyar da ke saman ƙirjinku. Za a ba wa jikinku sabbin ƙwayoyin tushe ta wannan bututun.

Wannan tsari yana ɗaukar kimanin mintuna 30 zuwa 60. A wannan lokacin, ƙungiyar likitoci za su zauna kusa da kai su sa ido kan alamun lafiyarka. Haka kuma za su sa ido sosai don ganin duk wani sakamako mai illa. Illolin ba su da yawa kuma yawanci ba su da yawa. Misali, za ka iya jin ɗan rawa, wahalar numfashi, ko zazzaɓi.

Menene babban matsalar wannan maganin?

Mafi tsanani da kuma mummunan matsala ta dashen allogeneic shine cutar graft-versus-host (GVHD) .

A taƙaice dai, wannan shine lokacin da sabbin ƙwayoyin garkuwar jiki masu lafiya daga mai bayarwa (dashen) suka fara kai hari ga ƙwayoyin lafiya da kyallen jikinka (mai masaukin baki). Kamar sabuwar runduna ce ke kai hari ga mutanen ƙasarka. Wannan yanayin na iya shafar fata, hanta, da tsarin narkewar abinci. Amma ba kwa buƙatar damuwa, likitoci za su iya ba ku magungunan da suka dace don sarrafawa da magance wannan yanayin.

Me ke faruwa bayan magani? Tsawon wane lokaci ake ɗauka kafin a warke?

Bayan dashen, za ku buƙaci ku zauna a asibiti na tsawon makonni kaɗan. A wannan lokacin, ƙungiyar likitoci za ta kula da ku sosai. Za ku ci gaba da karɓar magungunan rage garkuwar jiki don hana jikinku ƙin sabbin ƙwayoyin da aka dasa. Haka kuma kuna iya buƙatar ƙarin jini har sai sabbin ƙwayoyin sun sami damar samar da sabbin ƙwayoyin jini.

Tsarin da sabbin ƙwayoyin halitta ke bi wajen shiga cikin ƙashi da kuma fara samar da sabbin ƙwayoyin jini ana kiransa 'engraftment' . Wannan na iya ɗaukar kimanin kwanaki 10 zuwa 14. Duk da haka, yana iya ɗaukar watanni da dama zuwa shekara ɗaya ko fiye kafin tsarin garkuwar jikinka ya murmure gaba ɗaya. A wannan lokacin, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ka kare kanka daga kamuwa da cuta.

Zai iya ɗaukar shekaru biyu ko fiye kafin ya warke gaba ɗaya, don haka wannan tafiya ce da ke buƙatar haƙuri da bin umarnin likitanka.

Waɗanne alamomi ne ke buƙatar ganin likita nan take?

Idan ka koma gida bayan magani, ya kamata ka kula da jikinka sosai. Idan ka fuskanci ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan alamun, kira ƙungiyar likitocinka nan da nan .

Mene ne bambanci tsakanin dashen allogeneic da autologous?

Babban bambanci tsakanin su biyun shine tushen ƙwayoyin tushe.

Dashen Allogeneic na iya warkar da wasu cututtuka masu barazana ga rayuwa. Sau da yawa wannan yana yiwuwa ne ta hanyar alherin baƙi. Waɗannan su ne mutanen da ke ba da gudummawar ƙwayoyin halitta. Wani lokaci masu ba da gudummawa 'yan uwa ne. Akwai haɗarin da ke tattare da karɓar ƙwayoyin halitta da aka bayar. Ɗauki lokaci don fahimtar fa'idodi da haɗarin wannan aikin. Likitanka zai iya taimaka maka ka auna haɗari da fa'idodi don ka ji kwarin gwiwa a cikin shawararka.