Za mu yi magana game da tunanin cirewa?

Ka yi tunanin ka tashi da safe ka je kicin. Ka kunna makullin wutar, amma hasken bai kunna ba. Amma ka ga duk sauran fitilun gidan suna aiki. Nan da nan ka yi tunani, "Oh... kwan fitilar da ke cikin wannan ɗakin girki dole ne ta ƙone." Haka muke amfani da hujjoji masu alaƙa don cimma wani takamaiman ƙarshe, wanda kawai muke kira 'Ra'ayin Deductive'. Muna yin haka sau da yawa a rana ba tare da ma an sani ba. A yau za mu yi magana game da wannan baiwa mai ban mamaki.

A taƙaice dai, menene Ra'ayin Deductive?

'Dalilin Rage Hankali' tsari ne na tunani wanda muke amfani da shi don yanke shawara da magance matsaloli. A takaice dai, wani abu ne da ya shafi hankalinmu. A cikin wannan hanyar, muna isa ga wani takamaiman ƙarshe bisa ga ra'ayoyi ɗaya ko fiye na gama gari waɗanda muka yarda da su a matsayin gaskiya.

Kamar gina wani abu ne daga guntun Lego. Ra'ayoyin da muke da su a zukatanmu waɗanda muka yarda da su a matsayin "gaskiya ne" su ne guntun Lego ɗinmu. Ta hanyar haɗa waɗannan guntun, muna gina ƙarshe da muke ganin sabo ne kuma gaskiya ne.

Duk da cewa duk muna amfani da wannan kowace rana, wannan a zahiri wani tsari ne mai rikitarwa.

• Masu bincike suna nazarin wannan don fahimtar yadda mutane ke koyo, tunani, da kuma yanke shawara.
• Mutane kamar masana ilimin halayyar ɗan adam da kuma masana jijiyoyin jijiyoyi suma suna la'akari da wannan lokacin da suke auna iyawar fahimtar mutum .
• Wasu hukumomin samar da aikin yi na iya auna wannan ƙwarewar a gwaje-gwajen da suke yi kafin ɗaukar ma'aikata.

Ikon yin tunani mai ma'ana ta wannan hanyar ya dogara ne kawai akan kwakwalwa mai lafiya. Wasu cututtuka da raunuka da ke shafar kwakwalwa na iya rage wannan ikon. Wannan na iya sa ya yi wuya a fahimci bayanai da yanke shawara.

Za mu duba wasu misalai?

Shahararren misali na wannan ya fito ne daga masanin falsafar Girka Aristotle.

• Gaskiya ta farko: Duk mutane suna mutuwa. (Wannan gaskiya ce gama gari da muka sani).
• Batu na biyu: Socrates mutum ne. (Wannan kuma wani abu ne da muka sani).
• Kammalawa: Don haka, Socrates ya mutu.

Shin kun fahimta? Ta hanyar haɗa abubuwa guda biyu da muka sani, mun cimma matsaya ta ƙarshe.

Bari mu ɗauki misalin hasken da muka yi magana a kai a baya.

• Abu na farko: Hasken da ke sama da wannan ɗakin ba ya aiki.
• Abu na biyu: Idan ka kunna maɓallin wuta, wani haske zai sake fitowa (ma'ana ba matsala ba ce da wutar).
• Kammalawa: To, akwai wani abu da ba daidai ba game da wannan hasken da ba ya aiki (kamar an ƙone kwan fitila).

Muna amfani da wannan hanyar tun daga abubuwa masu sauƙi kamar haka har zuwa magance matsaloli masu rikitarwa.

Ta yaya kwakwalwarmu take yin wannan?

Masana kimiyyar jijiyoyi har yanzu suna gano ainihin abin da ke faruwa a cikin kwakwalwa idan muka yi tunani mai ma'ana ta wannan hanyar. Duk da haka, an yarda cewa gaban kwakwalwarmu na hagu yana da hannu a cikin wannan.

Bincike ya nuna cewa sassa daban-daban na gaban goshi suna aiki a matakai daban-daban na wannan tsarin tunani mai ma'ana. Wannan yana nufin cewa wannan ba abu ne da ke faruwa a lokaci guda ba, amma tsari ne da ke faruwa a matakai da dama.

Waɗanne yanayi na lafiya ne za su iya shafar wannan ikon?

Akwai cututtuka da dama da kuma wasu dalilai da za su iya shafar gaban kwakwalwarmu, da kuma ta hanyarsa, ikonmu na tunani mai ma'ana. Teburin da ke ƙasa ya lissafa wasu daga cikinsu.

Shin tsufa yana shafar wannan?

Eh, yana iya yin wani tasiri. Yayin da muke tsufa, jikinmu yana canzawa, haka nan kwakwalwarmu ma take canzawa. Misali, gaban kwakwalwa na iya raguwa kaɗan bayan tsufa. Wannan na iya shafar hanyoyin tunani kamar tunani mai ma'ana. Amma wannan ba ya faruwa ga kowa da kowa ta hanya ɗaya.

Ta yaya likita ke gano irin waɗannan yanayi?

Idan likita ya yi zargin cewa kana da wata matsala ta lafiya da ke shafar ikonka na tunani da hankali, zai iya yin odar gwaje-gwaje da dama don gano ainihin dalilin. Ba kowa ne zai buƙaci duk waɗannan gwaje-gwajen ba. Likitanka zai yanke shawara kan waɗanne gwaje-gwaje ne ake buƙata dangane da alamun cutar da yanayinka.

Menene maganin waɗannan yanayi?

Zaɓuɓɓukan magani sun dogara ne akan tushen dalilin rashin lafiyar hankalinka. Likitanka zai tsara maganinka bisa ga wannan dalili. Ga wasu daga cikin magungunan da aka fi amfani da su.

• Gyaran Fahimta: Wannan ya ƙunshi horo kan dabaru daban-daban waɗanda ke taimaka maka wajen gudanar da ayyukan yau da kullum cikin sauƙi, kamar hanyoyin tsara abubuwa.
• Maganin Halayyar Fahimta (CBT): Maganin da aka yi amfani da shi wajen magana wanda ke taimakawa wajen magance matsalolin barci da matsalolin yanayi.
• Magunguna da ilimin halayyar ɗan adam: Waɗannan magunguna guda biyu galibi ana amfani da su tare don matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa.
• Maganin sana'a:Wannan maganin yana taimaka wa mutane su shawo kan ƙalubalen jiki, tunani, da zamantakewa da suke fuskanta a rayuwarsu ta yau da kullum.
• Maganin motsa jiki: Wannan magani yana taimakawa wajen inganta motsi da aikin jiki.
• Maganin magana da harshe: Yana ba da darussa da horo don inganta ƙwarewar magana da harshe.

Me za mu iya yi don mu ci gaba da yin amfani da basirarmu ta tunani mai zurfi?

Hanya mafi kyau don kiyaye ƙarfin tunani da ikon tunani shine kula da kwakwalwarka sosai. Akwai wasu halaye masu sauƙi na rayuwa da za ku iya bi don yin hakan.

• Rage barasa: Idan kana shan barasa, ka rage ta. Shawarar ita ce a rage ta zuwa raka'a biyu a rana ga maza da raka'a ɗaya a rana ga mata.
• Ku ci abinci mai kyau: Ku cika farantin ku da kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itatuwa, wake, furotin marasa kitse (kifi, kaza, ƙwai), da kuma mai mai kyau.
• Motsa kwakwalwarka: Yin abubuwa kamar wasanin gwada kalmomi, wasanin gwada jigsaw, da wasannin neman kalmomi hanya ce mai kyau ta ci gaba da aiki da kwakwalwarka. Koyon wani sabon abu kuma babban motsa jiki ne ga kwakwalwarka.
• Kiyaye jikinki: Motsa jiki na yau da kullum yana taimakawa wajen kiyaye lafiyar jikinki gaba daya, har da kwakwalwarki.
• Samun isasshen barci: Yi ƙoƙarin samun akalla sa'o'i 7-8 na barci mai kyau kowace dare. A lokacin barci ne kwakwalwa ke gyara kanta.
• Kare kwakwalwa: Za ka iya kare kwakwalwa daga haɗari ta hanyar sanya bel ɗin kujera yayin hawa a cikin abin hawa da kuma sanya kwalkwali yayin yin wasanni ko yin ayyuka masu haɗari.
• A guji shan taba: Shan taba yana ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da bugun jini. Wannan yana shafar aikin kwakwalwa kai tsaye.

A ƙarshe, duk lokacin da ka tattara bayanai, ka yanke shawara, ko ka warware wata matsala, kana amfani da wannan baiwar da ake kira 'Deductive Reasoning'. Wannan muhimmin tsari ne na tunani wanda kwakwalwarmu ke gudanarwa. Kiyaye lafiyar kwakwalwarka zai iya taimakawa wajen kiyaye wannan baiwar kaifi.

tunani mai zurfi, tunanin rashin fahimta, tunani mai ma'ana, aikin kwakwalwa, yanke shawara, warware matsala, gaban goshi, aikin fahimi