Shin jaririnka yana fama da wannan matsalar? Bari mu yi magana game da Ciwon Edwards ko Trisomy 18.

Ga waɗanda daga cikinku ke tsammanin zama uwa, ko kuma suna tsammanin sabuwar memba ta shiga cikin iyalinku, wannan na iya zama kamar abin damuwa. Duk da haka, akwai wasu abubuwa da wani lokacin ba ma son ji, amma suna da matuƙar muhimmanci a sani. A yau za mu yi magana game da ɗaya daga cikin irin wannan yanayin. Wato Edwards Syndrome, wanda aka fi sani da Trisomy 18, wata cuta mai matuƙar tsanani ta kwayoyin halitta.

Menene Ciwon Edwards?

A taƙaice dai, ciwon Edwards cuta ce ta kwayoyin halitta da ke shafar girma da ci gaban jariri . Jariran da aka haifa da wannan yanayin galibi ana haihuwarsu da ƙarancin nauyin haihuwa. Haka kuma suna da nakasa daban-daban na haihuwa da kuma wasu halaye na zahiri. Abu ne na al'ada a ji baƙin ciki da tsoro idan aka ji wannan. Amma bari mu ci gaba da magana game da wannan, ko?

Wa zai iya kamuwa da cutar Edwards Syndrome (Trisomy 18)?

A gaskiya ma, ciwon Edwards (Trisomy 18) na iya faruwa ga jaririn kowa . Yana faruwa ba zato ba tsammani, ma'ana ba a yi hasashe ba, lokacin da aka sami ƙarin kwafin chromosome 18 a cikin ƙwayoyin jaririn. Duk da haka, an gano cewa yayin da mahaifiyar ta tsufa, wato, idan mahaifiyar ta wuce shekaru 35 a lokacin daukar ciki, haɗarin wannan yanayin ya fi girma . Amma ku tuna, idan yaro ɗaya yana da wannan yanayin, damar samun ɗa na gaba yana da ƙasa sosai (ƙasa da 1%).

Yaya cutar Edwards Syndrome (Trisomy 18) ta zama ruwan dare?

Wannan yanayin, Edwards Syndrome (Trisomy 18), yana faruwa a cikin kusan ɗaya cikin kowace haihuwa 5,000 zuwa 6,000 da rai. Duk da haka, a lokacin daukar ciki, wannan yanayin ya ɗan fi yawa, yana faruwa a cikin kusan ɗaya cikin kowace ciki 2,500. Abin baƙin ciki, matsalolin da ke tattare da wannan ganewar sau da yawa suna haifar da ɓacewar tayin a cikin mahaifa (ɓacewar ciki) ko kuma haihuwa a cikin mamaci .

Yaushe aka gano cutar Edwards Syndrome (Trisomy 18)?

Wannan cuta, wacce ake kira Edwards syndrome (Trisomy 18), an fara gano ta ne a shekarar 1960 ta hannun John Hilton Edwards da tawagarsa. Sun gano ta ne yayin da suke nazarin jariri wanda ke da matsaloli daban-daban na haihuwa da kuma matsalolin ci gaban hankali. Sun ce wannan cuta ta samo asali ne sakamakon ƙarin kwafin chromosome 18 na uku (shi ya sa ake kiranta trisomy 18).

Mene ne alamun cutar Edwards Syndrome (Trisomy 18)?

Alamomin jariri mai fama da cutar Edwards (Trisomy 18) yawanci ana ganin su kafin da kuma bayan haihuwa . Manyan alamomin sun haɗa da ƙarancin girma, lahani da yawa na haihuwa, da kuma jinkiri mai tsanani na ci gaba ko nakasa ta ilmantarwa .

Alamomin da ake gani yayin daukar ciki

Likitan ku zai duba waɗannan siffofi yayin daukar hoton ultrasound a lokacin daukar ciki:

• Motsin tayi kaɗan ne.
• Cibiyarka tana da jijiyar jini ɗaya kawai (yawanci akwai biyu).
• Mahaifa ƙanƙanta ne sosai.
• Kasancewar nakasu iri-iri na haihuwa.
• Yawan ruwan amniotic da ke kewaye da tayin ana kiransa "polyhydramnios".

Ko da yake ana haihuwar wasu jarirai masu fama da cutar Edwards da rai, galibi suna yin ɓarin ciki ko kuma su mutu a farkon watanni uku na ciki .

Alamomin da ake gani bayan haihuwa

Bayan an haifi jaririn, jariri mai fama da cutar Edwards (Trisomy 18) na iya samun waɗannan halaye na jiki:

• Rage sautin tsoka (hypotonia) - jaririn yana jin taushi sosai.
• Ƙwayoyin kunne sun yi ƙasa da yadda aka saba.
• Gabobin ciki (kamar zuciya da huhu) ba za su iya samar da su yadda ya kamata ba ko kuma aikinsu na iya canzawa.
• Matsalolin ci gaban hankali (sau da yawa suna da tsanani sosai ).
• Yatsun ƙafa da aka tara a saman juna da/ko kuma ƙafafu da aka zana tare (`(ƙafafun ƙafa)`).
• Jiki, kai, baki, da muƙamuƙi ƙanana ne sosai.
• Kuka kaɗan da kuma rashin amsawa ga sautuka .

Alamomin tsanani na ciwon Edwards (Trisomy 18)

Saboda jikin jariri mai fama da cutar Edwards Syndrome (Trisomy 18) bai cika girma ba, illolin wannan yanayin suna da matuƙar tsanani, sau da yawa suna barazana ga rayuwa . Wasu daga cikinsu sun haɗa da:

• Ciwon zuciya da ciwon koda da aka haifa.
• Matsalolin numfashi (gazawar numfashi).
• Matsaloli da nakasar haihuwa na tsarin narkewar abinci (`(Tsarin ciki)`) da bangon ciki.
• Hernia (`(Hernia)`).
• Ciwon scoliosis.

Ka yi la'akari da wannan: Kimanin kashi 90% na jarirai masu fama da cutar Edwards Syndrome (Trisomy 18) suna da cututtukan zuciya. Wannan shine babban abin da ke haifar da mutuwar jarirai da wuri, bayan rashin isasshen numfashi.

Me ke haifar da ciwon Edwards (Trisomy 18)?

A taƙaice dai, ciwon Edwards (Trisomy 18) yana faruwa ne sakamakon kasancewar kwafi uku na chromosome 18 maimakon na yau da kullun guda biyu .

Yanzu, duba, dukkanmu muna da ƙwayoyin halitta guda 46 a jikinmu, waɗanda aka raba zuwa nau'i-nau'i 23. Waɗannan ƙwayoyin halitta suna ɗauke da DNA ɗinmu (umarnin da jikinmu ke buƙatar girma da aiki). Muna samun saitin ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan ƙwayoyin halitta daga mahaifiyarmu ɗayan kuma daga mahaifinmu.

Lokacin da aka samar da ƙwayoyin halitta, suna farawa ne a matsayin ƙwayoyin halitta da aka haɗa a cikin gabobin haihuwa (maniyyi a cikin maza, ƙwai a cikin mata). Waɗannan ƙwayoyin suna raba (a cikin wani tsari da ake kira "meiosis") kuma suna kwafi kansu don yin nau'i-nau'i. Tantanin da ke haifar da shi yana da rabin adadin DNA a matsayin tantanin halitta na asali, wato, 23 daga cikin chromosomes 46. Kowace tantanin halitta tana da lamba.

Idan ana tsammanin waɗannan nau'ikan chromosomes za su rabu yayin samuwar ƙwai da maniyyi, wani lokacin nau'i ɗaya na chromosomes ba ya rabuwa yadda ya kamata (kamar wani abu mai mannewa), kuma duka kwafin suna ƙarewa cikin ƙwai ɗaya ko maniyyi. Sannan, a lokacin hadi, suna haɗuwa da kwafin ɗaya daga ɗayan iyaye, suna yin jimillar kwafi uku . Irin wannan rashin daidaiton chromosome bazuwar ne, ba za a iya faɗi ba, kuma ba abin da iyaye suka yi ba kafin ko lokacin daukar ciki .

Idan aka ƙara kwafin uku na nau'in chromosome, ana kiransa trisomy. Trisomy yana nufin wani abu kamar "jiki uku." Wani da ke fama da cutar Edwards yana da kwafin uku na chromosome 18 a cikin ƙwayoyin halittarsa.

Ta yaya ake gano cutar Edwards Syndrome (Trisomy 18)?

Binciken Ciwon Edwards (Trisomy 18) yawanci yana farawa ne a lokacin daukar ciki . Ana tabbatar da ganewar cutar ko dai kafin ko bayan an haifi jaririn. Likitanka yawanci zai yi gwajin duban dan tayi don neman alamun Ciwon Edwards (Trisomy 18) ta hanyar duba motsin jaririn, adadin ruwan amniotic, da girman mahaifa. Idan aka sami alamun wannan yanayin kwayar halitta, likitanka zai ba da shawarar ƙarin gwaji don tabbatar da ganewar cutar.

Wadanne gwaje-gwaje ake amfani da su don gano cutar Edwards (Trisomy 18)?

A lokacin daukar ciki, idan jaririn ya nuna alamun cutar Edwards Syndrome (Trisomy 18), likita zai iya ba da shawarar gwaje-gwaje daban-daban don tabbatar da ganewar cutar, kamar:

• Amniocentesis : Tsakanin makonni 15 zuwa 20 na ciki, likitanku zai ɗauki ƙaramin samfurin ruwan amniotic ya gwada shi don tantance lafiyar jaririnku.
• Sampling na Chorionic villus (CVS) : Tsakanin makonni 10 zuwa 13 na ciki, likitan ku ya ɗauki ƙaramin samfurin ƙwayoyin halitta daga mahaifa ya gwada su don neman yanayin kwayoyin halitta.
• Gwaje-gwaje : Bayan makonni 10 na ciki, za a iya gwada samfurin jinin ku don ganin ko jaririn ku yana da wasu matsalolin chromosome da aka saba gani, kamar trisomy 18.

Bayan an haifi jaririn, likita zai duba zuciyar jaririn ta hanyar amfani da na'urar daukar hoton ultrasound, ya gano duk wata matsala ta zuciya da wannan ganewar ta haifar, sannan ya dauki matakai don magance ta.

Ta yaya ake magance matsalar Edwards Syndrome (Trisomy 18)?

A mafi yawan lokuta, wannan yanayin yana da tsanani sosai har jarirai da aka haifa da rai ana ba su kulawar jin daɗi.Wannan yana nufin taimaka wa jaririn ya ji daɗi kuma ya rabu da ciwo. Duk da haka, maganin cutar Edwards (Trisomy 18) ya bambanta ga kowane jariri, ya danganta da tsananin cutar . Babu maganin cutar Edwards (Trisomy 18) .

Maganin cutar Edwards (Trisomy 18) na iya haɗawa da:

• Maganin cututtukan zuciya : Kusan dukkan jarirai masu fama da cutar Edwards (Trisomy 18) suna fama da cututtukan zuciya. Duk da cewa ba dukkan jarirai za a iya yi musu tiyata ba, wasu za a iya yi musu.
• Tallafin ciyarwa : Jarirai masu fama da cutar Edwards (Trisomy 18) na iya fuskantar wahalar cin abinci akai-akai saboda jinkirin ci gaba. Suna iya buƙatar a ba su abinci ta hanyar bututun ciyarwa don taimakawa wajen magance matsalolin ciyarwa tun suna ƙanana.
• Maganin Kashi : Jarirai masu fama da cutar Edwards (Trisomy 18) na iya samun matsalolin baya, kamar scoliosis. Waɗannan na iya shafar motsin jaririn. Maganin kashin baya na iya haɗawa da ƙarfafa gwiwa ko tiyata.
• Tallafin Ilimin Halayyar Dan Adam da na zamantakewa : Samun jariri mai fama da cutar Edwards (Trisomy 18) yana buƙatar tallafi a gare ku, iyalinku, da jaririnku. Za ku buƙaci tallafi don jure baƙin cikin rashin jaririnku, musamman idan kun rasa jaririnku, ko kuma don magance matsalar da jaririnku ke fama da ita.

Ta yaya zan iya rage haɗarin kamuwa da cutar Edwards Syndrome (Trisomy 18)?

Tunda ciwon Edwards (Trisomy 18) a zahiri sakamakon maye gurbi ne na kwayoyin halitta, babu wata hanyar da za a iya hana wannan yanayin . Duk da haka, idan kun cancanci gwajin kwayoyin halitta da gwajin tayi (gwajin kwayoyin halitta kafin a dasa) tare da hadi a cikin vitro (IVF), za ku iya rage damar samun jariri mai ciwon Edwards (Trisomy 18). Idan kuna shirin yin ciki, yi magana da likitan ku game da shawarar kwayoyin halitta don koyo game da haɗarin samun jariri mai yanayin kwayoyin halitta.

Me zai faru idan kana da ɗa mai ciwon Edwards (Trisomy 18)?

Babu maganin cutar Edwards Syndrome (Trisomy 18). Yawancin ciki suna ƙarewa ne da zubar da ciki ko kuma haihuwa gawa . Daga cikin ciki da ke rayuwa har zuwa watanni uku na uku, kusan kashi 40% na jarirai masu fama da cutar Edwards Syndrome (Trisomy 18) ba sa rayuwa bayan haihuwa, kuma kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na waɗanda suka rayu ana haihuwarsu ne kafin lokacin haihuwa.

Adadin rayuwar jariran da aka haifa tare da Edwards Syndrome (Trisomy 18) kamar haka:

• Tsakanin kashi 60% zuwa 75% suna rayuwa a mako na farko.
• Tsakanin kashi 20% zuwa 40% suna rayuwa a watan farko.
• Fiye da kashi 10% ba sa bikin zagayowar ranar haihuwarsu ta farko.

Jariran da aka haifa da cutar Edwards (Trisomy 18) suna buƙatar kulawa ta musamman nan da nan bayan haihuwa, wanda aka tsara shi bisa ga takamaiman alamun cutar.Damar tsira ba ta da yawa, musamman idan jaririn ya yi jinkirin ci gaban gabobi ko kuma wata matsala ta zuciya da aka haifa. Daga cikin kashi 10% da suka tsira daga ranar haihuwarsu ta farko, wasu yara suna rayuwa mai gamsarwa tare da babban tallafi daga iyalansu da masu kula da su. Amma sau da yawa ba sa koyon tafiya ko magana.

Yaushe ya kamata in ga likita?

Idan jariri mai fama da cutar Edwards (Trisomy 18) yana cikin mahaifa, akwai haɗarin zubar da ciki ko rasa ciki. Idan kina da juna biyu, ki nemi likita nan da nan idan kina da alamun zubar da ciki :

• Ciwon ciki.
• Idan kana jin sanyi kuma kana da zazzaɓi.
• Ciwon baya.
• Idan kana zubar da jini fiye da yadda aka saba (zubar da jini mai yawa).
• Ciwon ciki na ƙasa.

Yaushe ya kamata in je ɗakin gaggawa?

Idan jaririn da aka haifa da ciwon Edwards (Trisomy 18) yana da ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan alamun, kai shi ɗakin gaggawa nan da nan, ko kuma a kira 1990 :

• Idan kana numfashi da sauri ko kuma a hankali, ko kuma ba ka numfashi kwata-kwata.
• Idan fatar ko lebe ta yi launin shuɗi ko shunayya.
• Idan bugun zuciyar yana da sauri sosai.
• Idan yana da wahalar ci.
• Idan dukkan jiki ya kumbura.

Wadanne tambayoyi ya kamata in yi wa likitana?

A wannan yanayin, kuna iya samun tambayoyi da yawa. Tambayi likitan ku game da abubuwa kamar:

• "Menene haɗarin da ke tattare da samun ɗa mai matsalar kwayoyin halitta?"
• "Waɗanne magunguna za a iya bayarwa don alamun jaririna?"
• "Me zan iya yi don tabbatar da cewa jaririna yana cikin koshin lafiya a lokacin daukar ciki?"

Ganewar cutar Edwards Syndrome (Trisomy 18) na iya zama abu mai matuƙar wahala. Matsalolin da ke tattare da wannan yanayin na iya zama masu wahala. Likitan ku zai taimaka muku da iyalan ku ta wannan tafiya , ko dai yana magance cutar da aka gano daga jaririn ku ko kuma yana jure rashin jaririn ku. Idan kuna shirin yin ciki, ku yi magana da likitan ku game da shawarar kwayoyin halitta don ku san game da haɗarin haihuwar jariri mai yanayin kwayoyin halitta.

Muhimman abubuwan da ya kamata a tuna (Saƙon Kai Gida)

To, bari in taƙaita wasu daga cikin abubuwan da muka tattauna a kansu waɗanda nake ganin za su yi muku mahimmanci:

• Ciwon Edwards, ko Trisomy 18, cuta ce mai tsanani da ke shafar kwayoyin halitta .
• Wannan yana faruwa ne sakamakon ƙarin kwafin chromosome 18. Wannan daidaituwa ne, ba laifin iyaye ba.
• Ana iya gano wannan ta hanyar daukar hoton da kuma wasu gwaje-gwaje na musamman (`(Amniocentesis)`, `(CVS)`) da aka yi a lokacin daukar ciki.
• Babu maganin wannan matsalar, magani yana da nufin magance alamun cutar da kuma sanya jaririn ya ji daɗi.
• Jarirai da yawa ba sa rayuwa tsawon rai , amma wasu yara suna rayuwa tare da ƙauna da goyon bayan iyalansu.
• Idan kina da juna biyu kumaIdan kina nuna alamun zubar ciki, ki nemi shawarar likita nan take.
• Idan an gano kana da wannan yanayin, ba kai kaɗai ba ne . Nemi taimako daga likitoci, iyali, da kuma masu ba da shawara.

Ina fatan wannan bayanin zai taimaka muku. Yana da wuya a yi magana game da irin waɗannan batutuwa masu mahimmanci, amma yana da kyau a sani.

Ciwon Edwards, Trisomy 18, Cututtukan Halitta, Kwayoyin Halitta, Ciki, Lafiyar Jariri, Lalacewar Haihuwa