Zai iya zama kamar abin mamaki a yi tunanin cewa ana amfani da najasar wani don magance rashin lafiyar wani, ko ba haka ba? Amma wannan hanya ce mai inganci da ake amfani da ita a fannin magani ga wasu cututtuka masu tsanani. A yau za mu yi magana game da wannan hanyar magani mai ban mamaki amma mai matuƙar muhimmanci, wadda ake kira dashen ƙwayoyin cuta na hanji (FMT).
Menene dashen najasa?
A taƙaice dai, wannan ya ƙunshi ɗaukar ƙaramin samfurin bayan gida mai lafiya a saka shi cikin hanjin wani da ke da wata cuta. Wannan na iya yin kama da abin da ba shi da daɗi. Amma samfurin bayan gida mai lafiya ya ƙunshi miliyoyin ƙwayoyin cuta masu amfani (microbiota). Lokacin da aka shigar da waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta cikin babban hanji mai cuta, za su iya yin abubuwan al'ajabi don dawo da lafiyarsa.
A halin yanzu, likitoci galibi suna ba da shawarar wannan maganin a matsayin maganin cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta masu tsanani a cikin hanji. Wannan dashen yana aika adadi mai yawa na ƙwayoyin cuta masu kyau don yaƙar ƙwayoyin cuta marasa kyau da ke haifar da cututtuka a cikin hanjin da ke fama da cutar. Idan waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta masu kyau suka ɓace, daidaiton tsarin ƙwayoyin cuta (ƙwayoyin cuta na hanji) a cikin hanjinmu zai dawo.
Ta yaya wannan yake aiki? Me ke faruwa a cikin cikinmu?
Ka yi tunanin hanjinka a matsayin kyakkyawan lambu. A cikin wannan lambun, akwai tsirrai masu kyau (ƙwayoyin cuta masu kyau) da muke buƙata, da kuma tsire-tsire marasa kyau (ƙwayoyin cuta marasa kyau). Muddin komai yana cikin daidaito, lambun yana da kyau, wanda ke nufin muna da lafiya.
Amma wasu daga cikin magungunan da muke sha, musamman magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta, wasu cututtuka, da sauran abubuwa na iya kashe shuke-shuke masu kyau da yawa a wannan lambun. Me zai faru a lokacin? Ciyawa, ko ƙwayoyin cuta marasa kyau, suna mamaye lambun gaba ɗaya kuma suna yaɗuwa da sauri. A lokacin ne hanjinmu ya lalace kuma muke rashin lafiya.
Dashen najasa kamar sake dasa lambun da ciyawa ta mamaye, wanda ke kawo dubban tsirrai masu lafiya (kyanwa masu kyau). Waɗannan sabbin ƙwayoyin cuta masu kyau suna fafatawa da ƙwayoyin cuta marasa kyau, suna kiyaye su, kuma suna dawo da daidaito mai kyau a cikin hanji.
Wadanne irin cututtuka ne ake amfani da wannan maganin?
A halin yanzu, wannan hanyar magani an tabbatar da ita sosai wajen magance kamuwa da cutar C. difficile (CDI), wani nau'in kamuwa da cuta ta hanji da kwayar cutar C. difficile ke haifarwa, wanda ke da wahalar shawo kansa koda da maganin rigakafi.Wani lokaci, idan maganin rigakafi ya kasa shawo kan wannan kamuwa da cuta, dashen najasa yana da sakamako mai ban mamaki.
Duk da haka, likitoci da masana kimiyya sun yi imanin cewa wannan hanyar magani na iya zama da amfani ga wasu cututtuka da yawa. Domin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin hanjinmu suna da babban tasiri ba kawai ga tsarin narkewar abinci ba, har ma da tsarin metabolism da garkuwar jiki. Saboda haka, ana ci gaba da bincike don ganin ko zai iya magance wasu cututtuka da yawa.
| Sauran yanayi da ake binciken maganin dashen nama | |
|---|---|
| Cututtukan tsarin narkewar abinci | - Ciwon kumburin hanji (IBD) - "Ciwon hanji mai ban haushi (IBS)" |
| Cututtukan rayuwa | - Kiba - Cutar hanta - Ciwon suga |
| Wasu yanayi | - Rashin lafiyar abinci - "Rashin Lafiyar Autism (ASD)" - Damuwa da Damuwa - 'Magungunan Sclerosis da yawa (MS)' |
Yaya ake yin dashen najasa? Wadanne hanyoyi ake bi?
Akwai hanyoyi da dama na shigar da wannan samfurin bayan gida mai lafiya a cikin babban hanjin majiyyaci. Likitan ku zai zaɓi hanyar da ta fi dacewa da yanayin ku.
| Hanyar magani | Bayani mai sauƙi |
|---|---|
| Colonoscopy | Ana saka siririn bututu mai kyamara (colonoscope) ta dubura sannan a ratsa babban hanji. Ta wannan bututun, ana iya allurar ruwan bayan gida kai tsaye cikin hanji. Wannan ita ce hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita kuma take da nasara. |
| Babban Endoscopy | Ana saka bututu (endoscope) a cikin ciki ko ƙaramin hanji ta baki ko hanci. Duk da haka, wannan hanyar ba ta da nasara sosai saboda ƙwayoyin cuta dole ne su yi tafiya mai nisa ta cikin ƙaramin hanji kafin su isa babban hanji. |
| Enema | Ana shigar da ruwan najasa ta hanyar ƙaramin bututu da aka saka a cikin dubura. Wannan hanyar ta fi nasara saboda ƙwayoyin cuta suna tafiya kai tsaye zuwa babban hanji. An bayar da samfurin farko da FDA ta amince da shi a Amurka, Fecal Transplant, ta wannan hanyar. |
| Kapsul na Baki | Wannan ita ce sabuwar hanya kuma mafi sauƙi. Kuna haɗiye ƙwayoyin da ke ɗauke da busassun ƙwayoyin cuta da suka daskare da ruwa. An tsara waɗannan ƙwayoyin don su kasance ba sa narkewa har sai sun isa babban hanji. |
Ina ake samun bayan gida don wannan maganin?
Don wannan dalili, ana karɓar bayan gida daga masu sa kai masu lafiya (masu ba da gudummawa) . Kafin a zaɓi wani a matsayin mai ba da gudummawa, ana yin gwaje-gwajen likita masu tsauri. Suna tabbatar da cewa babu wasu ƙwayoyin cuta ko ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin bayan gida na mutumin.
Bayan an tattara samfurin bayan gida, ana aika shi zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje, a tsaftace shi, a gauraya shi da ruwa kamar saline, a tace shi, sannan a yi shi da ruwa. Wani lokaci ana daskare shi don amfani daga baya, ko kuma a busar da shi a yi shi da kapsul.
Wanene bai cancanci zama mai bayar da kujera ba?
Wannan zai ba ku ra'ayin adadin gwaje-gwajen da ake yi kafin a dasa bayan gida ga wani mutum. Ba za a zaɓi duk wanda ke da waɗannan sharuɗɗan a matsayin mai bayarwa ba.
- Idan kun yi amfani da maganin rigakafi kwanan nan.
- Idan akwai wasu cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta masu haɗari kamar 'E. coli'.
- Idan kana da cututtukan da suka shafi ƙwayoyin cuta kamar su hepatitis, HIV, ko COVID-19.
- Idan akwai ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin hanji.
- Idan kana amfani da magunguna.
- Idan kana da cututtukan hanji masu kumburi (IBD) ko kuma cututtukan da ke shafar garkuwar jiki.
- Idan akwai wani a cikin iyali da ke da tarihin ciwon daji.
Menene fa'idodi da haɗarin wannan maganin?
Babban fa'idar
Wannan maganin yana da tasiri daga kashi 80% zuwa 95% wajen hana sake kamuwa da cututtukan C. diff. Wannan babban bege ne ga wannan cuta, wadda ta kasance mai rauni har ma da magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta sun kasa shawo kanta.
Illolin da haɗari ke haifarwa
Ƙaramin rashin jin daɗi na iya faruwa na tsawon kwana ɗaya ko biyu bayan magani.
- Kumburin ciki, kumburin ciki
- Tashin zuciya ko amai
- Ciwon ciki
- Zazzabi da sanyi ga wasu mutane
Waɗannan ba su da tsanani kuma suna raguwa cikin kimanin kwana biyu.
Babban haɗarin da ya fi tsanani shine yiwuwar, kodayake ba kasafai ake samunsa ba, cewa wata cuta mai cutarwa da aka sarrafa a jikin mai bayarwa za ta iya shiga jikin mai karɓar magani da ta raunana ta haifar da kamuwa da cuta. Amma don rage wannan haɗarin, ana tantance masu bayar da gudummawar sosai kuma ana tsaftace samfuran bayan gida sosai. Wannan haɗarin yana da ƙasa sosai idan aka yi amfani da samfuran da aka amince da su a yau.
Ko da yake wannan maganin yana iya yin kama da abin mamaki, akwai kimiyya da yawa a bayansa. Babban misali ne na yadda ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta a jikinmu za su iya shafar lafiyarmu. Ga marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar C. diff, wannan magani ne da ke canza rayuwa da gaske.
Saƙon Ɗauka Gida
- Dashen najasa na iya yin kama da abin mamaki, amma magani ne mai tasiri ga cututtuka masu tsanani kamar sake dawowar C. diff.
- Wannan ya ƙunshi shigar da 'kyankyasai masu kyau' daga najasar mutum mai lafiya zuwa cikin hanjin mara lafiya, yana maido da daidaiton ƙwayoyin cuta a wurin.
- Ana yin gwaje-gwaje masu tsauri a kan samfuran bayan gida da ake amfani da su don magani don tabbatar da cewa ba su da wata cuta, don haka ana yin taka tsantsan game da aminci.
- Wannan ba abu ne da za ka iya yi a gida ba. Wannan wani aiki ne na musamman da likitoci masu ƙwarewa ke yi a asibiti ko asibiti.
- Idan kai ko wani da ka sani yana fama da cututtukan hanji masu sake dawowa waɗanda ba a sarrafa su da maganin rigakafi ba, yi magana da likitanka game da wannan zaɓin magani.
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