Shin kuna da Lymphoma na ƙwayoyin T (Peripheral T-cell Lymphoma)? Kada ku damu, bari mu yi magana a kai!

Wani lokaci, muna iya kamuwa da cututtuka waɗanda ba ma muke tunani a kansu ba, ko ba haka ba? Lymphoma na ƙwayoyin T na Peripheral, ko PTCL a takaice, yanayi ne mai rikitarwa, amma yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a san da shi. Ba cuta ɗaya ba ce, amma haɗuwa ce ta cututtuka da yawa. Shin za mu yi magana game da wannan a sauƙaƙe, ta hanyar da za ku iya fahimta?

Lymphoma na T-cell na Peripheral (PTCL) ba cuta ɗaya ba ce. Rukunin nau'ikan ciwon daji na jini da dama masu tsanani . Musamman ma, yana shafar tsarin lymphatic ɗinmu. Wataƙila kun ji labarinsa a matsayin "lymphoma na Non-Hodgkin", kuma shine abin da yake. Abu ɗaya game da PTCL shine yana iya yaɗuwa (metastasize) daga wani ɓangare na jiki zuwa wasu sassa . Wannan yana nufin cewa yana iya shafar kusan kowane ɓangare na jiki, don haka alamun na iya bambanta.

Labari mai daɗi shine likitoci zasu iya shawo kan nau'ikan PTCL da yawa cikin nasara. Duk da haka, wani lokacin cutar na iya sake dawowa . Shi ya sa masu binciken lafiya ke ci gaba da neman sabbin magunguna waɗanda zasu iya taimaka wa mutane su rayu tsawon rai tare da PTCL.

Shin wannan cuta da ake kira PTCL ta zama ruwan dare?

A'a, wannan ba cuta ce da aka saba gani ba . Wani bincike da aka gudanar a duk duniya ya nuna cewa kimanin mutane dubu ɗari biyu ne ke kamuwa da cutar PTCL. Kimanin kashi 10% na waɗanda ke kamuwa da cutar PTCL (Non-Hodgkin lymphoma) suna da cutar PTCL.

Ana ganin wannan yanayin sau da yawa a ƙasashen Asiya, Afirka, da Caribbean fiye da Amurka. Ya fi faruwa a cikin mutanen da suka haura shekaru 60. Duk da haka, wasu nau'ikan kuma na iya tasowa a cikin ƙananan yara da manya .

Mene ne manyan nau'ikan PTCL?

Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) ta gano nau'ikan PTCL sama da 20. Kowanne daga cikinsu yana da nasa alamun kwayoyin halitta na musamman. Bari mu dubi wasu daga cikin nau'ikan da aka fi sani.

Lymphoma na T-cell na gefe, wanda ba a ƙayyade shi ba (PTCL-NOS)

Wannan shine nau'in da aka fi sani . ``(PTCL-NOS)`` wani nau'i ne da ya ƙunshi shari'o'in da ba za a iya fayyace su daidai ba kuma ba su dace da sauran nau'ikan da aka bayyana ba. Kimanin kashi 30% na duk marasa lafiya na PTCL suna cikin wannan rukuni. Yana iya shafar ƙwayoyin lymph, ƙashi , saifa , ko hanta .

Lymphoma na T-cell na Angioimmunoblastic (AITL)

Wannan kuma yana faruwa ne a cikin kashi 15% zuwa 30% na marasa lafiya na PTCL a duk duniya. AITL kuma na iya shafar saifa, ƙashi, saifa, ko hanta.

Lymphoma mai girma na ƙwayoyin halitta (ALCL)

Akwai kuma nau'ikan `(ALCL)` daban-daban.

• Akwai wanda ake kira primary cutaneous ALCL , wanda ke shafar fata .
• Akwai kuma ɗaya.ALCL na tsari, wanda ke shafar huhu, fata, da sauran gabobin jiki. Wannan ALCL na tsari wani lokacin ana ƙara rarraba shi bisa ga canje-canje a cikin wani takamaiman kwayar halitta da ake kira ALK (anaplastic lymphoma kinase) . Kimanin kashi 15% na PTCL sun faɗi cikin wannan nau'in "(ALCL)".

Lymphoma na halitta na Extranodal killer/T-cell lymphoma, nau'in hanci

Wannan nau'in yana da ɗan tauri. Wannan nau'in galibi yana tasowa ne a cikin kyallen hancinka , ramukan sinus , da kuma makogwaro na sama . Amma wani lokacin yana iya yaɗuwa zuwa fata, hanyoyin narkewar abinci , da sauran gabobin jiki. Wannan nau'in yana da kusan kashi 10% na PTCL.

Lymphomas na T-cell na hanji

Sunan yana nuna hakan, ko ba haka ba? Wannan yana shafar tsarin narkewar abinci . Yana da kusan kashi 6% na PTCL. Hakanan yana da nau'ikan da ake kira enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma (EATL) da monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T-cell lymphoma (MEITL) .

Lymphoma/cutar sankarar bargo ta T-cell ta manya (ATLL)

Yana iya shafar fata da ƙashi. Akwai nau'ikan ATLL guda huɗu: mai tsanani, lymphoma, mai tsanani, da mai shan taba . Nau'ikan guda biyu da suka fi yawa sune mai tsanani da kuma lymphoma, waɗanda ke da ƙarfi. Nau'ikan ATLL na yau da kullun da masu shan taba suna girma a hankali. Kowane nau'in ATLL yana shafar sassa daban-daban na jiki.

Mene ne alamun PTCL?

Duk da cewa kowace irin PTCL tana da takamaiman alamomi, akwai wasu da aka saba gani. Bari mu duba menene su:

• Kumburin Lymph Nodes: Za ka iya samun kumburi ba tare da ciwo ba a wuyanka, hammata, ko kuma makwancinka. Ka yi tunanin ƙaramin kumburi a wuyanka wanda yake jin kamar yana ƙaruwa da sauri, amma ba ya ciwo. Shi ke nan.
• Rage nauyi mara dalili: Idan ka rasa kusan kashi 10% na jimlar nauyinka cikin watanni shida, ba tare da yin ƙoƙari sosai ba, abu ne da za a damu da shi.
• Ciwon ciki ko kumburi: Wannan na iya faruwa idan saifa ta yi girma. Yana iya jin rashin jin daɗi, kamar dai cikinka ya cika.
• Gajiya Mai Dorewa: Jin gajiya ba kamar yadda aka saba ba tsawon kwanaki da dama ba tare da wani dalili ba. Kamar dai gajiyar ba ta tafi ba komai yawan barcin da kake yi.
• Zazzaɓin da ba a iya bayyanawa ba: Sau da yawa, zazzaɓi yana faruwa ne lokacin da jiki ke yaƙi da kamuwa da cuta. Duk da haka, idan zazzaɓin da ya wuce digiri 39.5 na Celsius (103 Fahrenheit) ya ci gaba da kasancewa na tsawon fiye da sa'o'i biyu bayan an yi masa magani a gida, ko kuma idan zazzaɓin ya ci gaba da kasancewa na tsawon fiye da kwana biyu, yana iya zama alamar wani abu mafi tsanani.

Abu mafi mahimmanci shine kada ka damu da samun PTCL kawai saboda kana da waɗannan alamun. Suna iya kasancewa saboda wasu dalilai masu sauƙi. Amma idan waɗannan alamun suka ci gaba,Yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a ga likita a kuma nemi shawara.

Yanzu bari mu ga waɗanne alamomi ne ke zuwa tare da wasu takamaiman nau'ikan ƙari.

Ƙarin fasalulluka na lymphoma T-cell na gefe, wanda ba a ƙayyade shi ba (PTCL-NOS)

Baya ga alamomin da aka saba gani, kuna iya gani:

• Ragewar ƙwayoyin jinin ja (Anemia) - Wannan na iya haifar da faɗuwa da ƙaruwar gajiya.
• Ƙarancin adadin platelets a jini (Thrombocytopenia) - Wannan na iya haifar da zubar jini.
• Tabo masu ƙaiƙayi ja a fata.
• Idan ciwon daji yana cikin ƙirji , ciwon ƙirji ko wahalar numfashi (dyspnea).

Ƙarin fasaloli na lymphoma T-cell angioimmunoblastic (AITL)

Baya ga alamomin da aka saba gani:

• Gumi na dare - Gumi sosai yayin barci har zanen gado ya jike.
• Kurajen fata .
• Cututtukan garkuwar jiki kamar "Anaemia na jini mai hana garkuwar jiki" .

Ƙarin fasaloli na anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL)

Babban ALCL na fata (nau'in da ke shafar fata)

• Abubuwa kamar canza launin fata mai launin ja ko launin ruwan kasa, kumbura da ke ƙara girma akan lokaci.
• Kurajen fuska masu ƙaiƙayi, manya, zagaye .
• Waɗannan ƙumburi na iya zama masu ciwo da kuma ɓawon burodi.

ALCL na tsari (nau'in da ke shafar gabobin ciki)

A wannan yanayin, ana ganin alamun da aka saba gani ga PTCL.

Lymphoma na halitta na Extranodal killer/T-cell lymphoma, nau'in hanci

• toshewar hanci , jin kamar hancin ya toshe.
• Zubar da jini a hanci .
• Ciki na hancin ya zama mai kauri .
• Kumburin fuska mai zafi .
• Matsalolin ido kamar fitar ruwa daga idanu da ciwon ido.

Lymphoma/cutar sankarar bargo ta T-cell ta manya (ATLL)

Alamomin PTCL sun zama ruwan dare ga dukkan nau'ikan ATLL guda huɗu.

Mene ne ke haifar da PTCL?

A taƙaice dai, cutar sankarar T-cell lymphoma tana faruwa ne lokacin da ƙwayoyin T a jikinmu suka canza (`(suka canza)`) zuwa ƙwayoyin cutar kansa. Kamar yadda kuka sani, waɗannan ƙwayoyin T wani nau'in ƙwayoyin farin jini ne wanda ke kare mu daga mamaya kamar ƙwayoyin cuta da ke shiga jikinmu. Don haka, lokacin da waɗannan ƙwayoyin T suka canza, sai su zama ƙwayoyin cutar kansa su fara ninkawa ba tare da wata matsala ba . Idan suka ninka haka, sai su taru a cikin huhu, saifa, hanta, da sauran gabobin jiki kuma su samar da ciwace-ciwacen daji .

Har yanzu masana ba su gano wani dalili na musamman da ya sa waɗannan ƙwayoyin T ke canzawa haka ba.Duk da haka, bincike ya gano cewa yana da alaƙa da wasu yanayi na lafiya.

Misali:

• Wani bincike na duniya ya nuna cewa mutanen da ke fama da wata cuta da ake kira cutar celiac na iya samun ƙarin haɗarin kamuwa da nau'ikan PTCL da dama, ciki har da ALCL.
• Haka kuma, mutanen da suka kamu da cutar Epstein-Barr na iya samun ƙarin haɗarin kamuwa da cutar sankarar mahaifa ta extranodal (ƙwayar halittar da ke kashe ƙwayoyin halitta/ƙwayar halittar T).
• Mutane masu dauke da kwayar cutar `(Human T-cell lymphotropic virus Type 1 (HTLV-1))` suna cikin haɗarin kamuwa da `(cutar T-cell lymphoma/leukemia mai tsanani)`.

Ta yaya ake gano PTCL?

Likitoci na iya buƙatar yin gwaje-gwaje daban-daban domin gano takamaiman nau'in PTCL da ke haifar da matsalolin lafiyar ku. Waɗannan na iya haɗawa da gwaje-gwajen jini, gwaje-gwajen hoto, gwaje-gwajen biopsy , da gwaje-gwajen kwayoyin halitta don nazarin yanayin kwayoyin halittar da ke cikin ƙwayoyin cutar kansa.

Gwaje-gwajen jini

Likitoci suna yin gwajin jini don duba ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ƙila suna da alaƙa da PTCL. Waɗannan na iya haɗawa da:

• Cikakken ƙidayar jini (CBC)
• Cikakken kwamitin metabolism (CMP)
• Gwajin Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
• Gwaje-gwajen Hepatitis B da Hepatitis C
• Gwajin cutar HIV (ƙwayar cuta mai karya garkuwar jiki)
• Gwaje-gwajen ƙwayar cutar lymphotropic ta T-cell ta ɗan adam Nau'in 1 (HTLV-Type 1)

Gwaje-gwajen hoto

Waɗannan hotunan suna ba likitoci damar samun bayanai game da cikin jikinka, musamman inda akwai ƙwanƙolin ciwon daji.

• Kwafi da aka yi amfani da shi wajen daukar hoton kwamfuta (CT)
• Hoton daukar hoton iskar Positron (PET)
• Na'urar daukar hoton maganadisu (MRI)

Binciken ƙwayoyin halitta

Wannan ya ƙunshi ɗaukar ƙaramin yanki na nama daga wani wuri da ake zargi da cutar sannan a duba shi da na'urar hangen nesa. Wannan ita ce babbar hanyar tabbatar da cutar .

• Binciken ƙwayoyin lymph
• Binciken fata (biopsy)
• Binciken ƙwayoyin ƙashi

Mene ne matakai na PTCL?

Likitoci suna amfani da tsarin tantance cutar kansa don tsara magani da kuma ba ku ra'ayin abin da za ku iya tsammani daga magani (hasashe). Wannan matakin yana ƙayyade ta nau'in PTCL da kuma inda ƙwayoyin T-cell masu ciwon daji suka bazu. Ga manyan matakai guda huɗu na PTCL:

• Mataki na I: Kwayoyin T masu ciwon daji suna cikin tantanin halitta ɗaya ko kuma tarin ƙwayoyin halitta guda ɗaya.
• Mataki na II: Ciwon daji ya shafi ƙwayoyin lymph guda biyu ko fiye a gefe ɗaya na jikinka (misali, a kowane gefen wuyanka, ko a gefe ɗaya a sama ko a ƙasa da diaphragm).
• Mataki na III: Ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa kyallen da ke sama da ƙasan diaphragm ɗinka.
• Mataki na IV: Baya ga ƙwayoyin halittar, ciwon daji ya kuma shafi wasu gabobin jiki, kamar huhu, hanta, ƙashi, ko tsarin narkewar abinci.

Menene hanyoyin magance PTCL?

Saboda akwai nau'ikan PTCL da yawa da kuma matakin cutar kansa, babu magani ɗaya mai girma ɗaya . Zaɓuɓɓukan magani na iya bambanta daga mutum zuwa mutum. Likitan ku zai tantance mafi kyawun magani a gare ku. Ga wasu daga cikin magungunan da aka fi amfani da su:

• Maganin Chemotherapy: Haɗakar nau'ikan magungunan chemotherapy daban-daban. Wannan shine babban maganin da aka fi amfani da shi.
• Maganin radiation: Wani lokaci ana amfani da wannan tare da chemotherapy, musamman idan ciwon daji ya yaɗu a yankin da aka sani.
• Maganin da aka yi niyya: Wannan magani ne da ke kai hari ga takamaiman canje-canje na kwayoyin halitta (maye gurbi) waɗanda ke sa ƙwayoyin halitta masu lafiya su zama ƙwayoyin cutar kansa. Wannan ya bambanta da maganin chemotherapy na gargajiya.
• Maganin Chemotherapy da dashen ƙwayoyin halitta na allogeneic: Ana iya amfani da wannan maganin ga PTCL wanda bai amsa maganin chemotherapy da radiation ba, ko kuma wanda ke sake dawowa bayan magani. Wannan magani ne mai ɗan rikitarwa.

Wani lokaci za ku iya shiga cikin gwaje-gwajen asibiti na sabbin magunguna na PTCL. Yi magana da likitan ku game da wannan.

Menene illolin da magani ke haifarwa akai-akai?

Yawancin magungunan ciwon daji na iya haifar da wasu illa. Duk da haka, ba kowa ne ke samun duk waɗannan illolin ba, kuma tsananin cutar na iya bambanta. Misali, illolin chemotherapy da radiation na iya haɗawa da:

• Gajiya
• Hazo a kwakwalwa da maganin chemotherapy ke haifarwa - jin hazo a kwakwalwa, rashin tunawa, da wahalar mai da hankali.
• Tashin zuciya da amai
• Asarar gashi
• Ciwon baki
• Mafi saurin kamuwa da cututtuka

Akwai hanyoyi da yawa da za a iya magance waɗannan illolin, don haka yi magana da likitanka game da hakan ma.

Mene ne hasashen PTCL?

Wannan ya dogara ne da nau'in PTCL, matakin ciwon daji, lafiyar jikinka gaba ɗaya, da kuma ko ciwon daji yana cikin sauƙi ('remission') bayan magani."Ragewar" yana nufin cewa ba ka da wata alama kuma ba za a iya samun alamun cutar kansa a gwaje-gwaje ba. A wasu lokuta, ana iya warkar da PTCL gaba ɗaya ta hanyar amfani da magunguna na yau da kullun.

Duk da haka, nau'ikan lymphoma na T-cell na gefe da yawa na iya dawowa (`(maimaituwa)`) . Idan wannan ya faru, kuna iya buƙatar ƙarin magani ko wani nau'in magani daban.

Abu ne na dabi'a mutum ya so ya san abin da zai yi tsammani daga maganin da zai yi masa. Likitan ku shine mutumin da ya fi dacewa ya sani game da yanayin ku. Don haka ku kasance masu gaskiya da gaskiya tare da shi game da wannan kuma kada ku ji tsoron yin tambayoyi.

Za a iya hana PTCL?

Abin takaici, a'a, gwargwadon sani, babu wata takamammiyar hanyar hana wannan . Wannan lymphoma yana faruwa ne sakamakon rashin kyawun ƙwayoyin T kuma suna zama masu cutar kansa. Babu abin da za mu iya yi don hana faruwarsa. Duk da haka, guje wa wasu abubuwan haɗari (misali, ƙwayar cutar HTLV-1) na iya rage haɗarin kamuwa da nau'ikan PTCL masu alaƙa.

Ta yaya zan kula da kaina? (Zama da PTCL)

Lymphoma na ƙwayoyin T na Peripheral wani nau'in ciwon daji ne mai saurin girma. Idan kuna da PTCL, ga wasu nasihu don taimaka muku rayuwa da wannan yanayin:

• Yi la'akari da kulawar rage radadi: Wannan kulawar na iya taimaka maka wajen magance alamun cutar da kuma illolin da ke tattare da magani. Bugu da ƙari, ƙungiyar kula da rage radadi za ta iya tallafa maka wajen magance ƙalubalen motsin rai (baƙin ciki, tsoro, damuwa) waɗanda ke tattare da rayuwa da irin wannan mummunan rashin lafiya.
• Nemo tallafi: Domin PTCL ciwon daji ne mai saurin yaduwa, za ka iya jin kamar kai kaɗai ne ke fama da shi. Amma ba lallai ne ka yi shi kai kaɗai ba. Yi magana da ƙungiyar likitocinka ka gano game da ƙungiyoyin tallafi inda za ka iya hulɗa da wasu waɗanda ke fuskantar irin wannan matsalar kamar kai. Raba abubuwan da suka faru da kuma samun tallafi daga wasu yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a wannan lokacin.
• Ku ɗauki lokaci don kanku (Kula da Kai): Ciwon daji yana da matuƙar damuwa. Kula da kai yana da matuƙar muhimmanci lokacin da kuke zaune tare da PTCL. Yi magana da ƙungiyar kula da lafiyar ku game da hanyoyin magance damuwa (bimbini, motsa jiki na numfashi, shiga cikin sha'awa), da kuma yadda za ku ƙirƙiri abinci mai gina jiki don kiyaye ku ƙarfi a duk lokacin magani. Ku sami isasshen barci.

Wadanne tambayoyi ya kamata in yi wa likitana?

Kada ka manta ka yi waɗannan tambayoyin idan ka ga likitanka:

• Wane irin lymphoma na Peripheral T-cell nake da shi? Me ake kira shi?
• Menene matakin cutar ta? Har yaushe ta yaɗu?
• Wadanne hanyoyin magani nake da su? Menene fa'idodi da rashin amfanin kowace magani?
• Wane irin nasara za a iya tsammani daga waɗannan jiyya?
• Menene illolin magani? Ta yaya za a iya magance su?
• Shin ya kamata in yi la'akari da sabon magani bisa bincike (`(gwajin asibiti)`)? Shin sun dace da ni?
• Waɗanne canje-canje nake buƙatar yi a rayuwata?

Saƙon Ƙarshe na Ɗauka Gida

Lymphoma na ƙwayoyin T na kewaye (PTCL) wani nau'in ciwon daji ne na jini da ba kasafai ake samu ba amma mai mahimmanci. Yana faruwa ne lokacin da ƙwayoyin T da ke kare jikinmu suka rikide suka zama masu cutar kansa. Duk da cewa suna da dalili ɗaya tilo, tsarin kwayoyin halittar kowannensu ya bambanta. Saboda PTCL yana shafar sassa daban-daban na jiki, wani lokacin yana iya zama ƙalubale a gano da kuma magance shi.

Amma, ku kasance da bege! Masu binciken lafiya suna ci gaba da neman sabbin magunguna masu inganci waɗanda ke mayar da hankali kan canje-canjen kwayoyin halitta a cikin PTCL. Idan an gano kuna da PTCL, kada ku firgita, kuma ku yi magana a fili tare da ƙungiyar likitocin ku . Tambayi ko akwai sabbin magunguna bisa bincike (gwaji na asibiti) waɗanda suka dace da takamaiman yanayin ku. Tare da bayanai masu dacewa da goyon bayan ƙaunatattunku, za ku sami ƙarfin fuskantar wannan ƙalubalen!

Lymphoma na T-cell na gefe, PTCL, Lymphoma, Lymphoma na T-cell, Ciwon daji, Ciwon jini, Lymphoma, alamun PTCL, maganin PTCL