He kiʻekiʻe anei ka cholesterol o kāu keiki liʻiliʻi? (Pediatric High Cholesterol) E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia!

Kamaʻilio pinepine mākou a pau e pili ana i ka cholesterol i nā pākeke, ʻo ia hoʻi, ke kiʻekiʻe o ka momona i loko o ke koko. Akā, ua ʻike anei ʻoe hiki i nā keiki liʻiliʻi ke loaʻa kēia pilikia cholesterol? ʻOiaʻiʻo, i kekahi manawa hiki ke lilo i mea koʻikoʻi iki. No laila, mai hopohopo. I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka cholesterol kiʻekiʻe i nā keiki liʻiliʻi, a i ʻole e like me ke kāhea ʻana o nā kauka, `(Pediatric High Cholesterol)`, no ke aha e hana ai, a me nā mea hiki iā mākou ke hana e pili ana i ia mea.

He aha ke ʻano o ka cholesterol kiʻekiʻe i nā keiki ʻōpio?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka cholesterol i nā keiki ʻo ia hoʻi ka nui o ka cholesterol i loko o ke koko o kāu keiki ma mua o ka maʻamau. ʻO kēia cholesterol kahi ʻano momona i loko o ko mākou koko i kapa ʻia ʻo `(Lipids)`. Aia kekahi ʻano momona ʻē aʻe i kapa ʻia ʻo `(Triglycerides)`, hiki ke kiʻekiʻe i kekahi mau keiki. ʻOiaʻiʻo, pono i ko mākou kino kekahi o kēia mau momona, no ka mea, kōkua lākou i nā hana like ʻole o ke kino. Eia nō naʻe, kū mai nā pilikia ke piʻi nui kēia mau mea.

I kēia manawa, ke noʻonoʻo nei paha ʻoe, "Pehea wau e ʻike pono ai inā he kiʻekiʻe ka cholesterol a i ʻole nā ​​triglycerides kiʻekiʻe o kaʻu keiki?" Hana nā kauka i kahi hoʻāʻo koko no kēia. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he "Lipid Panel." Hiki i kēia hoʻāʻo ke haʻi pololei iā ʻoe i ke ʻano o kēia mau pae momona. E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻokoʻa iki nā pae cholesterol maʻamau i nā keiki ʻōpio mai nā pākeke.

Eia kahi nānā i nā pae momona maʻamau, kaulike, a me nā ʻano ʻē i nā keiki ʻōpio.

(Maanei, he mea maʻamau ʻole inā emi wale ke ʻano cholesterol maikaʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo HDL cholesterol.)

| ʻAno Lipid | mg/dL maʻamau | mg/dL palena | mg/dL ʻano ʻē |

| :------------------------------------ | :------------------------ | :------------------------- | :-------------------------- | :-------------------------- |

| Huina Kolesterol | < 170 | 170 - 199 | ≥ 200 |

| Kolesterol LDL ("kolesterol maikaʻi ʻole") | < 110 | 110 - 129 | ≥ 130 |

| Kolesterol HDL ("kolesterol maikaʻi") | > 45 | 40 - 45 | < 40 |

| Nā Triglycerides (0-9 makahiki) | < 75 | 75 - 99 | ≥ 100 |

| Nā Triglycerides (10-19 makahiki) | < 90 | 90 - 129 | ≥ 130 |

Mea nui: Hiki ke loli iki kēia mau waiwai me ka makahiki, no laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kamaʻilio ʻana me kāu kauka e ʻike pono ai.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka cholesterol kiʻekiʻe i loko o kahi keiki?

ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ʻaʻole hōʻike ka pae cholesterol kiʻekiʻe o ke keiki i kekahi mau hōʻailona maopopo . ʻO kēia ka mea weliweli loa. Eia nō naʻe, inā kiʻekiʻe loa ka pae cholesterol, ʻoiai inā ma muli o nā kumu genetic, hiki i ke keiki ke ʻike i kēia mau mea:

• Nā puʻupuʻu ʻaila a momona hoʻi ma ka ʻili (Xanthoma)
• He ʻano melemele, e like me ka pehu ma luna a kokoke paha i ka lihilihi (Xanthelasma)
• ʻO Corneal Arcus: He apo keʻokeʻo a hina paha a puni ka cornea o ka maka.

Inā ʻike ʻoe i nā hōʻailona e like me kēia, pono ʻoe e ʻike koke i ke kauka.

No ke aha e piʻi ai ka nui o ka cholesterol i loko o ke keiki?

Aia kekahi mau kumu e kiʻekiʻe ai ke kiʻekiʻe o ka cholesterol o ke keiki. E nānā kākou i ko lākou ʻano:

• ʻAi a me ka mea inu: ʻO nā ʻano meaʻai a ke keiki e ʻai ai, ʻoiai hoʻi nā meaʻai momona a me nā meaʻai ʻono.
• Ka nui o ka hana kino: Ka nui o ka holo ʻana, ka lele ʻana, ka pāʻani ʻana, a me ka hoʻoikaika kino ʻana o ke keiki.
• Nā maʻi ʻē aʻe: Nā kūlana e like me ka momona, ka maʻi diabetes mellitus, a me nā maʻi puʻupaʻa (Nephrotic Syndrome).
• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau: Hiki i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻonui i ka cholesterol.
• Mana hoʻoilina: ʻO nā genes i hoʻoilina ʻia mai nā mākua mai kekahi kumu nui no kēia.

I ka manawa pinepine, loaʻa i nā keiki me ka cholesterol kiʻekiʻe kahi moʻolelo o ka cholesterol kiʻekiʻe i ko lākou makuahine a makuakāne paha, a i ʻole e lawe ana paha i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e kāohi i kā lākou cholesterol.

ʻO ke kolesterol kiʻekiʻe ma muli o nā kumu genetic

He kuleana koʻikoʻi ko nā genes i kēia pilikia. E nānā kākou pehea e hana ai kēlā.

ʻO ka Hypercholesterolemia ʻohana (FH)

He kūlana hoʻoilina kēia. ʻO ka mea e hana ʻia, ua hānau ʻia ke keiki me nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ka cholesterol "maikaʻi ʻole" (LDL Cholesterol). I ka hapanui o nā hihia, ua hoʻoilina ʻia kēia inā hoʻokahi wale nō o nā mākua i loaʻa ka gene.

Hiki i ke kauka ke kānalua i kahi keiki me ka pae LDL i wehewehe ʻole ʻia he 160 mg/dL a ʻoi aku paha. ʻO ka pae LDL o 130 mg/dL a ʻoi aku paha i loko o kahi keiki me nā mākua i loaʻa iā FH he kumu hopohopo nō hoʻi ia.

Nā kumu polygenetic

Aia kekahi mau kumu hoʻoilina ʻē aʻe ma waho aʻe o ka `(FH)`. ʻO ke keiki me ke kumu polygenic o ka cholesterol kiʻekiʻe ʻo ia hoʻi, hoʻoilina ke keiki i nā genes he nui mai nā mākua ʻelua e hoʻokiʻekiʻe ana i nā pae `LDL`. I kēia hihia, ua piʻi mālie paha nā pae `LDL` i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, a ʻaʻole paha e ʻike ʻia a hiki i ko lākou wā ʻōpiopio. ʻOiai ke hoʻonui nei kēia mau kumu hoʻoilina i ka pilikia o ka maʻi puʻuwai, ʻaʻole lākou e lilo i mea koʻikoʻi e like me `(FH)`. Pono nā keiki me `(FH)` e hoʻomaka i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma mua o nā keiki me nā kumu polygenic.

Lipoprotein (a)

ʻO ka `(Lipoprotein (a))` (i kapa ʻia ʻo "lipoprotein little A") he ʻano cholesterol kūikawā ia e hiki ke hoʻoilina mai nā mākua a i nā keiki. ʻO ka poʻe me nā pae kiʻekiʻe o `(Lipoprotein (a))` he ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻa coronary. Hiki iā ia ke kōkua i ka hanana kakaikahi o nā hahau i nā keiki.

Inā loaʻa i kāu keiki kekahi a ʻoi aku paha o nā kumu pilikia ma lalo nei, hiki i ke kauka ke kauoha i kahi hoʻāʻo koko e nānā i ko lākou pae `(Lipoprotein (a))`:

• Ua ʻike ʻia me ka "Familial Hypercholesterolemia".
• Ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hahau ischemic ma mua o ke kumu i ʻike ʻole ʻia.
• Loaʻa nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ka `(Lipoprotein (a))` i loko o ka makuahine a i ʻole ka makuakāne.
• He kaikaina a makua paha i loaʻa i ka hāʻule puʻuwai i ka wā ʻōpiopio.

No ke aha e piʻi ai nā pae triglyceride o kahi keiki?

ʻO nā kumu nui o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka triglycerides i nā keiki:

• Momona
• Maʻi diabetes
• Kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau

Hiki i nā triglycerides kiʻekiʻe ke loaʻa nā kumu genetic, akā ʻaʻole lākou i maʻamau e like me FH. Inā hōʻike ka hoʻāʻo koko hoʻokē ʻai (hoʻokē ʻai 12 hola) o kahi keiki i nā triglycerides o 500 mg/dL a ʻoi aku paha no ke kumu ʻē aʻe, hiki i nā kauka ke kānalua he kumu genetic.

He aha nā pilikia e hiki mai ana ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka cholesterol i nā keiki?

Hiki i nā keiki me ke kolesterol kiʻekiʻe (`LDL` cholesterol) ke loaʻa nā pilikia olakino i ko lākou wā ʻelemakule. ʻO ke kumu nui o kēia mau mea he mau waihona momona (atheroma) i loko o nā kīʻaha koko, hiki ke ālai i ke kahe koko. Hiki i kēia ke hōʻemi i ke kahe koko i ka puʻuwai, ka lolo, a i ʻole nā ​​​​wāwae. Ua lohe paha ʻoe i kēia mau kūlana:

• Maʻi hohola
• Hahau
• Maʻi ʻAʻai Peripheral

E noʻonoʻo wale, inā e kāohi ʻia kēia mau pilikia i ka wā ʻōpiopio, pehea ka nui o ke kōkua iā ʻoe e pale aku i kēlā mau maʻi koʻikoʻi ke ulu ʻoe!

He aha nā pilikia e hiki ke kū mai ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻia o nā triglycerides i nā keiki?

Inā kiʻekiʻe loa ka pae o `(Triglycerides)`, hiki i ke keiki ke loaʻa i `(Pancreatitis).` Inā kiʻekiʻe ka pae o `(Triglycerides)` no ka manawa lōʻihi, hiki iā ia ke kōkua i ka waiho ʻana o ka momona i loko o nā aʻa i kekahi ʻano. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole ia he hopena nui e like me ka `(LDL)` cholesterol.

Pehea e ʻike ai nā kauka i ka cholesterol kiʻekiʻe i nā keiki?

Hiki i nā keiki kula ke nānā ʻia ko lākou pae cholesterol me kahi hoʻāʻo koko maʻalahi. I kekahi mau hihia, pono paha ʻoe e hoʻokē ʻai no ka liʻiliʻi he 12 mau hola ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo koko. E nīnau i kāu kauka inā pono kēia.

He mea nui loa ka hana ʻana i kēia hoʻāʻo inā loaʻa i kekahi o ka ʻohana ka maʻi puʻuwai, a inā he kiʻekiʻe nā pae cholesterol o nā mākua. Hiki i nā hopena o ka hoʻāʻo koko ke haʻi inā kiʻekiʻe ka cholesterol a i ʻole nā ​​triglycerides o ke keiki.

Pehea e mālama ai i ka cholesterol kiʻekiʻe i nā keiki?

ʻO ka hana mua i ka kaohi ʻana i ka cholesterol kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ia ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ʻai a kāu keiki a hoʻonui i ka nui o ka hana kino a lākou e hana ai.E aʻo aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe i kēia. Inā ʻaʻole kēia mau hoʻololi wale nō e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā pae cholesterol o kāu keiki i kahi pae palekana, hiki i ke kauka ke ʻōlelo i ka lāʻau lapaʻau (no nā keiki ma luna o 8 mau makahiki).

Pono anei kaʻu keiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau?

He mea pono paha. Paipai nā kauka i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a ka poʻe loea mai nā hui e like me ka National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute a me ka American Heart Association. Eia kekahi mau kūlana kahi e hāʻawi ai ke kauka i kāu keiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau:

• Inā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka LDL ma mua o 190 mg/dL:
• Inā ʻaʻohe kumu pilikia ʻē aʻe o ke keiki no ka maʻi cardiovascular.
• Inā he 160 mg/dL a ʻoi aku paha kou pae LDL, a loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau mea:
• He mau mea pilikia ko ke keiki no ka maʻi cardiovascular.
• Ua loaʻa i kekahi o nā mākua ka hāʻule puʻuwai i kona wā ʻōpiopio, a i ʻole he mau waihona momona i loko o nā aʻa o ka puʻuwai (coronary artery plaque).
• Inā ʻaʻole i hiki i kāu pae cholesterol i ka pae i makemake ʻia ma hope o ʻeono mahina o ka hoʻololi ʻana i kāu meaʻai a me ka hoʻoikaika kino.
• Inā ʻoi aku kou pae LDL ma mua o 130 mg/dL, loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau mea:
• Ua loaʻa kekahi o nā mākua i ka maʻi `(FH)`.
• Loaʻa i ke keiki nā mea pilikia o ka maʻi cardiovascular e like me ka momona, ke koko kiʻekiʻe, ka puhipaka (keiki a i ʻole ka poʻe a puni iā ​​​​lākou), nā pae HDL haʻahaʻa, ka mōʻaukala o ka maʻi Kawasaki, ka maʻi puʻupaʻa, ka hoʻoili ʻana i nā kino, Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis, Lupus, a i ʻole HIV.
• Inā ʻoi aku kou pae LDL ma mua o 100 mg/dL, loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau mea:
• Loaʻa i ke keiki ka maʻi diabetes ʻAno I a i ʻole ʻAno II.
• Loaʻa i ke keiki ka maʻi Kawasaki, ka mea e hoʻoulu ai i nā aneurysms o ke aʻa coronary.

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hāʻawi ʻia i nā keiki no ka cholesterol?

ʻO Statins ke koho mua no nā keiki me nā pae LDL kiʻekiʻe. Eia kekahi laʻana:

• ʻAtorvastatin (Lipitor®)
• ʻO Rosuvastatin (Crestor®)
• Simvastatin (Zocor®)

Penei ke ʻano o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana o nā lāʻau statin i nā pae LDL o ke keiki:

• Hoʻōki i ke akepaʻa mai ka hana ʻana i ka cholesterol.
• Hoʻopau ia i ka cholesterol keu mai ke koko a kōkua i ke kino e hoʻohana pono iā ia.

He lāʻau lapaʻau laina lua ʻo Ezetimibe e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā pae LDL. Hana ia ma ke ālai ʻana i ka omo ʻana o ka cholesterol mai nā ʻōpū i loko o ke koko.

Ka mālama ʻana i ka Lipoprotein kiʻekiʻe (a)

ʻAʻole nui ka hopena o nā loli o ke ʻano nohona i nā pae `(Lipoprotein (a))` e like me nā pae `(LDL)`. I kēia manawa, ʻaʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau kikoʻī e mālama ai i nā pae `(Lipoprotein (a))` kiʻekiʻe. Eia nō naʻe, ke hana ʻia nei nā hoʻokolohua lāʻau. Inā kiʻekiʻe nā pae `(Lipoprotein (a)` o kāu keiki, hiki i ke kauka ke ʻōlelo aku e kālele lākou i ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā kumu pilikia ʻē aʻe no ka maʻi ʻaʻa coronary. ʻO kēia mau mea:

• Ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai olakino no ka puʻuwai.
• Ka lawa ʻana o ka hoʻoikaika kino.
• Ke mālama ʻana i nā pae cholesterol ʻē aʻe me nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
• E pale i ka puhipaka.

Ke mālama nei i nā triglycerides kiʻekiʻe

Hiki i ke kauka o kāu keiki ke ʻōlelo i nā mea e like me:

• Ke hoʻololi nei i ka ʻai a me ka hoʻoikaika kino o kāu keiki.
• Nā mea hoʻohui ʻaila iʻa (a hiki i ka 4000 mg i kēlā me kēia lā).
• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe (i nā hihia kūikawā kahi i kiʻekiʻe loa ai nā pae triglyceride o nā keiki).

Hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka cholesterol kiʻekiʻe i nā keiki?

ʻAe, hiki! Hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke kōkua i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i nā pae cholesterol o kāu keiki i kahi pae palekana. Hiki i kēia ke hōʻemi i ka pilikia o nā pilikia koʻikoʻi i ka wā e hiki mai ana. Hiki i kāu kauka ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike pono i nā pae cholesterol i makemake ʻia o kāu keiki a pehea e hiki ai i laila.

Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke kōkua i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka cholesterol a kaʻu keiki?

Hiki iā ʻoe ke kōkua i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i nā pae cholesterol o kāu keiki ma ka hoʻoikaika ʻana iā lākou e:

• E hānai i nā meaʻai haʻahaʻa i ka momona holoʻokoʻa. Pono ka momona e hana i 30% a emi mai paha o ka nui o nā calorie o kāu keiki i kēlā me kēia lā. Hiki i kahi meaʻai meaʻai ke kōkua iā ʻoe e helu i kēia nui a hana i nā hoʻolālā pāʻina.
• E pale i nā momona trans a kaupalena i nā momona saturated. ʻO nā momona saturated nā momona i paʻa mau i ka mahana o ka lumi, e like me nā aila holoholona, ​​​​ka aila niu, a me ka aila pama. Pono nā momona saturated e emi ma mua o 10% o kāu mau calorie i kēlā me kēia lā. Akā, e koho i nā momona unsaturated, e like me ka aila ʻoliva, ka aila avocado, a me ka aila flaxseed.
• E kaupalena i ka ʻai ʻana i ka cholesterol. Pono nā keiki e ʻai ma lalo o 300 mg o ka cholesterol i kēlā me kēia lā.
• E hōʻalo i nā huahana waiū momona piha. E hāʻawi i ka waiū 2% momona i nā keiki ma waena o 12-24 mahina. E hāʻawi i ka waiū momona ʻole i nā keiki ma luna o 2 mau makahiki.
• E hāʻawi i nā meaʻai me ka lawa o ka fiber. E paipai i kāu keiki e ʻai i nā meaʻai kiʻekiʻe i ka fiber, e like me nā mea kanu, nā huaʻai, nā nati, nā legumes, a me nā palaoa piha.
• Paipai i ka hana kino maʻamau. ʻO nā hana aerobic e like me ke kaʻa paikikala, ka holo ʻana, ka hele wāwae, a me ka ʻauʻau ʻana e hiki ke kōkua i ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā pae kolesterol HDL ("maikaʻi") a hoʻemi i ka pilikia o nā maʻi cardiovascular.
• E kōkua i kāu keiki e mālama i ke kaumaha olakino.Hiki iā ʻoe ke nīnau i kāu kauka i kēlā pae kaumaha.

He aha nā meaʻai maikaʻi loa e hānai ai i kaʻu keiki?

E koho i nā ʻano meaʻai like ʻole e hōʻoia i ka loaʻa ʻana o kāu keiki i nā meaolaola a pau e pono ai. Eia kekahi mau meaʻai momona e hiki ke kōkua i ka kaohi ʻana i nā pae cholesterol:

No ka ʻaina kakahiaka:

• Hua
• ʻO ka palaoa holoʻokoʻa
• ʻOatmeal
• yogurt Helene

No ka ʻaina awakea a me ka ʻaina ahiahi:

E hoʻopiha i ka pā o kāu keiki me ke kumu hoʻohālike USDA MyPlate:

• ʻO ka protein momona e like me ka moa, ka iʻa, nā pīni (1/4 o ka pā)
• Nā palaoa holoʻokoʻa (1/4 o ka pā)
• Nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu (1/2 o ka pā)
• ʻAi huahana waiū haʻahaʻa momona

ʻO nā ʻano kuke olakino e komo pū ana me ka hoʻomoʻa ʻana, ka grilling, a me ka palai ʻana i ka ea. E pale i ka palai hohonu.

Nā meaʻai māmā:

• Hua
• Nā mea kanu
• Nā ʻano nati a me nā hua
• Nā kuki palaoa piha
• Nā huahana waiū momona haʻahaʻa

Nā mea inu:

E koho i ka wai a me ka waiū momona haʻahaʻa. E hōʻalo i ka soda, ka waiū momona, nā mea inu hua, a me nā mea inu haʻuki.

Āhea wau e lawe ai i kaʻu keiki e ʻike i ke kauka?

E haʻi aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe i ka pinepine o kou lawe ʻana mai i kāu keiki i ke kauka. Pono nō hoʻi e nānā mau ʻia nā pae cholesterol o kāu keiki. Pono nō hoʻi ʻoe e nānā i nā pae cholesterol o kāu keiki i ʻeono mahina ma hope o ka hana ʻana i kekahi mau hoʻololi ʻai a i ʻole ʻelua mahina ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau hou.

ʻO ka mea hope loa, kahi mea e noʻonoʻo ai.

No ka mea, ua maʻa mau mākou i ka lohe ʻana e pili ana i ka cholesterol i nā pākeke, he mea maʻalahi ke poina hiki i nā keiki ʻōpio ke loaʻa i kēia pilikia - a hiki i ka wā e hiki ai i kā mākou keiki ponoʻī. A laila paʻakikī ke hoʻōki i ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ia mea. Mai hopohopo, maopopo i nā kauka o kāu keiki kou mau hopohopo, a eia lākou e kōkua i kou ʻohana holoʻokoʻa. E nīnau i kāu mau nīnau, e aʻo i nā mea hiki iā ʻoe. E hana pū e hana i kahi nohona olakino puʻuwai.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka cholesterol i ka wā ʻōpiopio hiki ke hāʻawi i kāu keiki i ka manawa kūpono loa no kahi wā e hiki mai ana.

ʻO ka cholesterol o nā keiki, cholesterol kiʻekiʻe, Pediatric High Cholesterol, maʻi puʻuwai, ʻai olakino, nohona, Lipid panel