E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ka hoʻāʻo IVP (Intravenous Pyelogram) e kōkua iā ʻoe e aʻo e pili ana i kou mau puʻupaʻa?

I kekahi manawa, kauoha nā kauka i nā hoʻokolohua like ʻole e ʻike inā he pilikia me ko kākou mau puʻupaʻa a i ʻole ka ʻōnaehana mimi, ʻeā? ʻO ia kekahi o ia mau hoʻokolohua i kapa ʻia ʻo IVP. ʻOiai ua hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka wā ma mua, ua hana pinepine ʻole ʻia i kēia manawa. Akā, he mea nui loa iā ʻoe e ʻike i kēia hoʻokolohua i kapa ʻia ʻo `Intravenous Pyelogram (IVP).`

He aha ka IVP?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he hoʻāʻo X-ray kūikawā ka IVP e nānā ana i loko o kou mau puʻupaʻa a me ke ala mimi (nā ala e hele ai ka mimi). Ua kapa ʻia hoʻi ia he Intravenous Urography. E noʻonoʻo, makemake ke kauka e ʻike pehea e hana ai kou mau puʻupaʻa a me ka ʻōpū mimi a inā he hewa kekahi me lākou. ʻO ia ka manawa e kōkua ai kēia IVP.

ʻO kēia ka mea e hana ʻia. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi wai kūikawā i kapa ʻia he "mea hoʻohālikelike iodine" i loko o kou kino, ʻo ia hoʻi, i loko o kahi aa. Hele kēia wai ma kou kino me ke koko, me kou mau puʻupaʻa. A laila, i ka wā e hele ai kēia wai ma kou mau puʻupaʻa, nā ureters, a me ka ʻōpū mimi, lawe ʻia kekahi mau kiʻi X-ray. Ma muli o ka wai kūikawā, ʻike ʻia kēia mau ʻōkana i keʻokeʻo ma nā kiʻi X-ray. ʻO ia ka manawa e hiki ai i ke kauka ke ʻike pono i ka mea e hana nei i loko.

He aha ka mea i hoʻohana ʻia ai ka IVP i ka wā ma mua?

I ka wā ma mua, ma mua o ka hiki ʻana mai o ka ʻenehana hou, ua hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻāʻo IVP no ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi he nui. Eia kekahi mau laʻana:

• Nā pōhaku puʻupaʻa: E nānā e ʻike inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau pōhaku puʻupaʻa, ka mea i loaʻa i nā poʻe he nui, a ma hea lākou.
• ʻO ka prostate i hoʻonui ʻia i nā kāne: He ʻano kēia e kū mai ana i nā kāne i ko lākou wā ʻelemakule.
• Nā puʻupaʻa a i ʻole nā ​​​​cysts i loko o nā puʻupaʻa, ka ʻōpū mimi, a i ʻole ka urethra: Hiki paha kēia a ʻaʻole paha he maʻi kanesa.
• Ka ʻeha mai kahi maʻi ʻaʻai mimi (UTI): I kekahi manawa, hiki i kahi maʻi ʻaʻai mimi (UTI) ke hana i ka ʻeha o loko.
• Nā ʻano ʻē o ka urinary tract: Ua kōkua pū kēia i ka ʻike ʻana i nā ʻano ʻē a i ʻole nā ​​​​hemahema o ka urinary tract.

He aha ka mea e pani ai i ka IVP i kēia manawa?

Akā e like me kaʻu i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, ʻaʻole hoʻohana pinepine nā kauka i ka hoʻāʻo IVP i kēia mau lā, no ka mea, ua hiki mai nā ʻano hana hou i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, ʻoi aku ka maopopo, a i kekahi manawa ʻaʻole i komo nui.

ʻO ka mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia i kēia manawa:

• Ultrasound: Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā puʻupaʻa a me ka ʻōnaehana mimi me ka ʻole o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi wai kūikawā. ʻO kēia ka hoʻāʻo mua i hana ʻia.
• CT Scan (Computed Tomography - CT scans):Hana ʻia kēia i kekahi manawa me a i ʻole me ka ʻole o kahi kala ʻokoʻa iodinated. ʻAe kēia i nā kiʻi ʻokiʻoki maopopo loa o loko o ke kino.
• Nā scan Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Hoʻohana pū kēia i kekahi ʻano kala ʻokoʻa i kapa ʻia ʻo gadolinium contrast dye. Hiki i ka MRI ke hana i nā kiʻi ʻekolu-dimensional (3D) ʻoi aku ka kikoʻī.

Ke huli nei nā kauka i kēia ma mua o IVP no ka mea hiki i kēia mau ʻano hana hou ke ʻike i nā pilikia i loko o nā puʻupaʻa a me ka ʻōnaehana mimi me ka maikaʻi a me nā kikoʻī nui aʻe.

He aha ke ʻano o nā hōʻailona e kauoha ai ke kauka i kēia ʻano hoʻāʻo?

ʻO ka maʻamau, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​​​hiki i ke kauka ke kauoha i kahi hoʻāʻo kiʻi (kahi hoʻāʻo e nānā i loko) e nānā i kāu mau puʻupaʻa a i ʻole ka ʻōnaehana urinary, e like me:

• Inā he koko i loko o kou mimi, he mea kēia e pono ai ʻoe e haʻi aku i ke kauka.
• Inā lilo ka mimi i mea pouli.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū ma lalo a i ʻole ka ʻeha o ke kua ma lalo.
• Inā he ʻeha kou ma kou ʻaoʻao.

Hōʻike nā hōʻailona e like me kēia he pilikia paha me nā puʻupaʻa a i ʻole ka ʻōnaehana mimi. ʻO ia ka manawa e pono ai nā hoʻokolohua e like me kēia e ʻike pono ai i ka mea e hana nei.

ʻO wai ka mea e hana i ka hoʻāʻo IVP?

Hana pinepine ʻia kēia hoʻāʻo IVP e nā loea X-ray a me nā radiologists. Ma hope o ka lawe ʻia ʻana o nā kiʻi, e nānā hou ka radiologist i nā kiʻi, e hōʻuluʻulu i kahi hōʻike, a hoʻouna aku i kāu kauka e mālama nei.

Pehea i hoʻokumu ʻia ai ko kākou mau puʻupaʻa a me ka ʻōnaehana mimi?

Ke kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i nā puʻupaʻa a me ka ʻōnaehana mimi, aia ʻekolu mau ʻāpana nui. ʻO kēia nā mea a nā kauka e nānā ai me kahi IVP (akā i kēia manawa me kēlā mau scan ʻē aʻe).

• Nā puʻupaʻa: Loaʻa iā kākou ʻelua mau puʻupaʻa. ʻO kēia nā ʻōkana e kānana i ko kākou koko, wehe i nā mea ʻōpala, a hana i ka mimi. Hana lākou e like me ke kānana.
• Nā Ureters: ʻO kēia nā ʻōmole ʻelua e lawe ana i ka mimi i hana ʻia i loko o nā puʻupaʻa i ka ʻōpū mimi.
• ʻŌpū mimi: ʻO kēia ke ʻano liʻiliʻi e like me ke ʻeke e hōʻiliʻili a mālama i ka mimi. Ke piha, manaʻo mākou i ka pono e mimi.

No laila, kōkua kēia mau ʻano hoʻāʻo kiʻi e ʻike inā he mau pilikia i loko o kēia mau ʻōpū, e like me nā pōhaku, nā puʻupuʻu, a i ʻole nā ​​​​cysts.

Pehea e hana ai i kahi hoʻāʻo IVP (Pehea e hana ʻia ai?)

ʻOiai ʻaʻole hoʻohana nui ʻia ka IVP i kēia mau lā, he mea maikaʻi nō naʻe ke ʻike pehea e hana ai. Eia ke ʻano maʻamau o ka hana ʻana:

1. ʻO ka mea mua, e moe ʻoe ma luna o kahi moe ma lalo o kahi mīkini X-ray. A laila, e kiʻi ʻia ke kiʻi o kou ʻōpū a me kou pelvis ma mua o ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana o kahi wai kūikawā (contrast dye).

2. A laila, hoʻokomo ʻia kēlā wai kūikawā i loko o kou aʻa.

3. Ma hope o ke hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana o ka wai, e hoʻomoe ʻia ʻoe ma luna o kahi moe a e lawe ʻia kekahi mau kiʻi X-ray i ka wā e hele ai ke wai ma o nā puʻupaʻa a i lalo i nā ureters a hiki i ka ʻōpū mimi.

4. A laila e hāʻawi ʻia iā ʻoe kahi manawa pōkole e hoʻokahe i kou ʻōpū mimi, ʻo ia hoʻi, e mimi .

5. E hoʻomoe hou wau iā ʻoe ma luna o kahi moe a lawe i kekahi mau kiʻi hou aku.

Penei ka hana ʻana o ka hoʻāʻo IVP.

He aha nā pilikia e hiki mai ana o ka hoʻāʻo IVP?

E like me nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau āpau, aia paha kekahi ʻoluʻolu iki i ka wā o kēia IVP. Akā, mai hopohopo, ʻo ka hapa nui o ka manawa ʻaʻole koʻikoʻi kēia mau mea.

Ke hoʻokomo ʻia ka wai kūikawā (contrast dye) i loko o ke kino, hiki i nā poʻe he nui ke ʻike i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau hōʻailona manawa pōkole:

• He ʻano wela iki ma kahi i hoʻokomo ʻia.
• Ke wela iki nei .
• He manaʻo ʻūlū e nalowale mau ana .
• He ʻono metala i loko o ka waha.

E nalo aku kēia mau mea ma hope o kekahi manawa.

Hiki i kekahi poʻe, ma waena o 3 a me 13 mai loko mai o 100 , ke loaʻa kahi pane liʻiliʻi ʻē i kēia wai. I kēlā mau hihia:

• Hiki ke loaʻa ka luaʻi .
• Hiki ke luaʻi .
• Hiki ke loaʻa kahi manaʻo ʻulaʻula, e hoʻoʻulaʻula ai i ka maka a me ka umauma .

He mau manawa pōkole nō hoʻi kēia.

Eia nō naʻe, he mea kākaʻikahi loa , hiki ke loaʻa nā hopena alerika koʻikoʻi i kēia wai. ʻO kēia mau mea:

• Nā pilikia hanu.
• Ke koko haʻahaʻa.
• Nā kiko ʻulaʻula a i ʻole nā ​​hives ma ka ʻili.
• Ka pehu ʻana i loko o kou waha a i ʻole ka puʻu.
• Paʻa ka puʻuwai.

He mea kākaʻikahi nā hopena koʻikoʻi e like me kēia, akā inā loaʻa, pono e mālama koke ʻia.

ʻOi aku ka nui o kou ʻike ʻana i kēia ʻano hopena maikaʻi ʻole inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o nā kūlana olakino mua:

• Nā ʻano maʻi ʻaleka like ʻole.
• Ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻuwai paʻa.
• ʻO ka maʻi diabetes (Diabetes Mellitus).
• Maʻi Puʻupaʻa Mau Loa.

ʻO ia ke kumu e nīnau ai ke kauka iā ʻoe i kēia mau nīnau a pau ma mua o ka hana ʻana i kahi hoʻokolohua e like me kēia. Eia kekahi, ua hōʻemi nui nā hoʻokolohua hou a emi iki ka invasive i kēia pilikia.

ʻEhia ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻāʻo IVP? ʻEhia ka lōʻihi e hoʻōla ai?

ʻO ka maʻamau, hoʻokahi hola ka lōʻihi o kahi hoʻāʻo IVP, akā inā hana ikaika loa kou mau puʻupaʻa, hiki ke lōʻihi iki aʻe.

ʻAʻole lōʻihi ka manawa e ho'ōla ai. ʻO ka mea nui ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, ʻo ia ka inu ʻana i ka wai he nui . Ma kēlā ʻano, e hoʻokahe koke ʻia ka wai kūikawā (ka dye contrast) i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kou kino me kāu mimi.

I ka manawa hea e pono ai iaʻu ke ʻike i ke kauka?

ʻO nā hōʻailona aʻu i haʻi aku ai iā ʻoe ma mua, ʻo ia hoʻi:

• Inā he koko i loko o ka mimi,
• Inā he ʻeleʻele ke kala o ka mimi,
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka ʻeha ma kou kua i lalo,
• Inā he ʻeha ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka pelvis,

Inā hoʻomau kēia mau mea, e ʻike pono i ke kauka, no ka mea, he manaʻo paha ia he hewa kekahi mea me kou mau puʻupaʻa, ureters, a i ʻole ka ʻōpū mimi.

Eia kekahi, inā ʻike ʻoe i nā hōʻailona o kahi hopena maʻi koʻikoʻi (anaphylaxis) (no ka laʻana, ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana, nā hives, ka pehu ʻana o ka waha a me ka ʻāʻī), inā paha i ka pena hoʻohālikelike a i ʻole kekahi mea ʻē aʻe, pono ʻoe e ʻike koke i ke kauka a i ʻole e hele i kahi keʻena pilikia o ka haukapila.

E hoʻomanaʻo pōkole.

ʻAe, no laila, ke noi aku nei au iā ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo i kekahi o nā mea nui a kākou i kamaʻilio ai.

He hoʻāʻo X-ray ka IVP i hoʻohana ʻia e nānā i nā puʻupaʻa a me ka ʻōnaehana mimi. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi wai kūikawā (contrast dye) i loko o ke kino.

Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka IVP i kēia mau lā. Akā, ʻoi aku ka pololei o nā hana a me nā hana invasive ʻole e like me ka ultrasound, CT scan, a me MRI scan.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona e like me ke koko i loko o kou mimi, ka mimi ʻeleʻele, a i ʻole ka ʻeha ma kou kua a i ʻole ka ʻūhā, hiki i ke kauka ke kauoha i nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi e nānā i nā pilikia i loko o kou mau puʻupaʻa a i ʻole ka ʻōpū ʻōpū, e like me nā pōhaku a i ʻole nā ​​​​puʻupuʻu.

ʻO ka mea nui loa, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hōʻailona ʻē, mai hoʻowahāwahā iā lākou a e ʻimi i ke kauka no ka ʻōlelo aʻo.

Nā puʻupaʻa, ʻōnaehana mimi, IVP, Intravenous Pyelogram, X-ray, Contrast Dye, Nā pōhaku mimi, Hōʻike