ʻO ka moʻolelo a kou koko e haʻi mai nei: E aʻo kākou e pili ana i ka hoʻāʻo Complete Blood Count (CBC) ma nā ʻōlelo maʻalahi!

Ke noi mai ke kauka iā ʻoe e hana i kahi "Helu Koko Piha", a i ʻole e like me kā mākou e ʻike nei, he hoʻāʻo CBC , e noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe, "E loaʻa hou anei iā mākou kahi hoʻāʻo koko? He aha ka mea e ʻimi nei kēia?" He hoʻāʻo maʻamau loa kēia, a he mea nui loa. E like me kahi mākaʻi liʻiliʻi i loko o ko mākou kino, hiki i ka CBC ke hōʻike i nā mea he nui e pili ana i ko mākou olakino. No laila, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia me nā kikoʻī, maʻalahi loa, ʻeā?

He aha ka hoʻāʻo CBC a he aha kāna e haʻi mai ai iā mākou?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka CBC (Complete Blood Count) kahi hoʻokolohua e nānā ana i nā ʻano nui o nā cell i loko o kou koko. Lawe ʻia kahi hāpana koko mai kou aʻa koko a hoʻouna ʻia i kahi lab. Ma laila e helu ʻia ai kēia mau mea āpau, nānā ʻia, a hana ʻia kahi hōʻike.

Hiki i kēia hoʻāʻo ke kōkua i ke kauka e hoʻomaopopo i nā mea he nui. Eia kekahi laʻana:

• E mālama i kou olakino holoʻokoʻa.
• Inā ʻoe e lawe ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau no kahi maʻi, ʻike anei ʻoe inā e hana pono ana ka lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole he mau hopena ʻaoʻao paha?
• E kiʻi i kahi manaʻo no ke olakino o kāu ʻōnaehana pale .
• No ka ʻike ʻana inā he mau maʻi kekahi, e like me ke kanesa koko (e like me ka "Leukemia"), ka anemia ( "Anemia") , a me nā maʻi like ʻole ( "Infections") .

ʻO nā mea nui a mākou e nānā ai i loko o ka lab:

• Nā Kelepona Koko ʻUlaʻula : ʻO kēia nā kelepona e lawe i ka oxygen ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa.
• Hemoglobin : ʻO ka protein i loko o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula e hoʻopaʻa ai i ka oxygen.
• Nā Kelepona Koko Keʻokeʻo : E like me ka pūʻali koa o ko mākou kino, nā kelepona e hakakā nei i nā maʻi.
• Nā Platelets : Nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o nā pūnaewele e kōkua i ke kāpili ʻana o ke koko.

Ma waho aʻe o ka helu ʻana i kēia mau mea, nānā ʻia hoʻi ka nui o kēia mau cell. I kekahi manawa, hiki i ke kauka ke kauoha i kahi hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe i kapa ʻia ʻo "Peripheral Blood Smear" me ka CBC. ʻAe kēia i ka hāpana koko e nānā ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope e aʻo hou e pili ana i ke ʻano o nā cell.

He aha ka manaʻo o ka "Differential" me kahi hoʻāʻo CBC?

Inā ʻōlelo kāu hōʻike CBC "CBC me Differential", ʻo ia hoʻi ua helu ka lab i kāu mau hunaola koko keʻokeʻo ma ke kaʻawale . Helu pū ia i nā hunaola koko ʻōpiopio. Hāʻawi kēia i ke kauka i kahi ʻike hohonu o ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o nā hunaola like ʻole i loko o kāu ʻōnaehana pale.

I ka manawa hea e pono ai kahi hoʻāʻo CBC?

Aia kekahi mau kumu e noi ai ke kauka iā ʻoe e hana i kahi CBC:

• Ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka hoʻokolohua olakino maʻamau: E nānā i kou olakino laulā.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona i hiki ʻole ke hana ʻia e:Eia kekahi laʻana, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ke kuni mau, ka emi koke o ke kaumaha, ka hou ʻana i ka pō, ka manaʻo e maʻalahi ke palapū, ke kahe pinepine ʻana o ke koko, a i ʻole ka luhi nui.
• E nānā i ke kūlana o kahi maʻi i loaʻa mua: No kekahi kanaka me kahi mea e like me ke kanesa a i ʻole ka maʻi puʻupaʻa mau loa (CKD), e ʻike pehea e holomua nei.
• E ʻike i ka maikaʻi o kahi lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole pehea ka hopena o kahi lāʻau lapaʻau i ke kino: Hiki i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau (e like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi kanesa) ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i kāu helu koko keʻokeʻo a hoʻonāwaliwali i kāu ʻōnaehana pale. Hiki i kēia ke kōkua iā ʻoe e mālama i nā mea e like me ia.
• E mālama i kou olakino i ka wā hāpai.

He aha nā kūlana e hiki ke ʻike ʻia e kahi hoʻāʻo CBC?

Hiki i kahi CBC ke kōkua i kāu kauka e hoʻoholo inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau kūlana:

• Anemia : ʻO ke ʻano kēia o ka emi ʻana o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula a i ʻole nā ​​pae hemoglobin.
• Erythrocytosis : Hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula.
• Leukocytosis : Ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka nui o nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo.
• Leukopenia : Ua emi ka helu o nā keʻena koko keʻokeʻo.
• Thrombocytosis : Hoʻonui ʻia ka helu o nā platelet.
• Thrombocytopenia : Ua emi ka helu o nā platelet.

E hoʻomanaʻo, he mau hōʻailona paha kēia o kahi maʻi ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi, no laila pono kāu kauka e noʻonoʻo i ka hōʻike CBC a me kāu mau hōʻailona ʻē aʻe e hiki ai i kahi hōʻoia.

Pehea e hana ʻia ai kahi hoʻāʻo CBC? He aha ke ana pololei?

Ma kahi hoʻāʻo CBC, helu kahi mīkini kamepiula kūikawā (`(automated analyzer)`) i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula (`(Erythrocytes)`), nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo (`(Leukocytes)`), a me nā platelets (`(Thrombocytes)`) i loko o kāu hāpana koko, a me ko lākou nui. Inā ua kauoha kāu kauka i kahi `(CBC me Differential)`, helu pū ka mīkini i nā ʻano hunaola koko keʻokeʻo like ʻole a me nā hunaola ʻōpiopio ma ke kaʻawale. I kekahi manawa, inā he mea maopopo ʻole e pili ana i nā hopena, e nānā kahi `(Pathologist)` i ka hāpana koko ma lalo o kahi microscope a hōʻoia i nā hopena o ka mīkini.

ʻĀnō, e nānā kākou i ka mea a ka ʻike o kēia hōʻike e ʻōlelo nei.

Nā mea e nānā ai i loko o nā pūnaewele koko ʻulaʻula (RBC):

• Ka Helu o nā Kelepona Koko ʻUlaʻula (RBC): Pili kēia i ka helu o nā kelepona koko ʻulaʻula i loko o ka nui o ke koko (ʻo ka maʻamau he microliter - `(mcL)`). E noʻonoʻo, aia i loko o kahi kulu koko ma kahi o 40-50 `(mcL)`.
• Hemoglobin (Hb): ʻO ka nui o ka hemoglobin i loko o kou koko.
• Hematocrit (Hct): ʻO ka pakeneka o kou koko i hana ʻia me nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula.

E ʻike pū ʻoe i kahi ʻāpana i kapa ʻia ʻo "Red Cell Indices". Hōʻike kēia iā ʻoe e pili ana i ka helu o kāu mau cell koko ʻulaʻula a me ka nui o ka hemoglobin.

• Ka nui o ke kino koko (MCV): ʻO ka nui awelika o kou mau keena koko ʻulaʻula.
• ʻO ka Hemoglobin Kino Maʻamau (MCH): Ke kaumaha awelika o ka hemoglobin i loko o hoʻokahi keena koko ʻulaʻula.
• ʻO ke ʻano o ka Hemoglobin Kino Kino (MCHC): ʻO ka awelika o ka nui (kaumaha) o ka hemoglobin i loko o kahi nui o ke koko i hāʻawi ʻia.
• Ka Laulā Hoʻolaha Kelepona ʻUlaʻula (RDW): ʻO ke ʻano o ka nui o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, inā haʻahaʻa kēia waiwai, ua like ka nui o kāu mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula. Inā kiʻekiʻe kēia waiwai, aia kahi ʻokoʻa nui o ka nui ma waena o nā hunaola nui a me nā hunaola liʻiliʻi.

Nā mea e pono ai ke nānā aku i loko o nā platelets:

• Helu Platelet: ʻO ka huina o nā platelets i loko o kāu hāpana koko.
• Ka nui o ka platelet (MPV): ʻO ka nui awelika o kāu mau platelet.

Nā mea e nānā ai i nā keena koko keʻokeʻo (WBC) a me ka "ʻokoʻa":

Hiki i ke kauka ke kauoha i kahi CBC e nānā wale i ka helu o nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo holoʻokoʻa (`(Helu WBC holoʻokoʻa)`), a i ʻole e kauoha paha lākou i kahi `(ʻokoʻa)` me ia. Helu ka `(ʻokoʻa)` i nā ʻano keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo like ʻole, a me nā keʻokeʻo koko ʻulaʻula ʻōpiopio. Hiki ke hōʻike ʻia kēia mau mea ma ke ʻano he helu piha (hiki ke hōʻailona ʻia he "abs") a i ʻole he pakeneka (%) o ka huina o nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā mea e like me kēia ma kāu hōʻike CBC:

• Helu Kelepona Koko Keʻokeʻo (WBC): Pili kēia i ka heluna holoʻokoʻa o nā kelepona koko keʻokeʻo (o nā ʻano āpau) i loko o kou kino.
• Nā Neutrophils: ʻO kēia nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo mua e komo i ke kaua. Ke kaua nei lākou i nā maʻi bacteria a me nā maʻi fungal.
• ʻO nā Monocytes: He ʻano koko keʻokeʻo e kōkua ana i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā ʻōpala o ke kelepona i ka wā o ka maʻi. Kōkua pū lākou i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā koko keʻokeʻo ʻē aʻe i nā mea komo ʻino, e like me nā bacteria a me nā virus.
• Nā Lymphocytes: He ʻano koko keʻokeʻo e hakakā ana i nā maʻi viral a kōkua i ka ʻōnaehana pale e hoʻomanaʻo i nā maʻi ma mua. ʻO kēia ke kumu e mākaukau ai ke kino e kū i ka maʻi like inā hoʻi hou mai.
• ʻEosinophils: Ke kaua nei kēia mau keʻokeʻo koko i nā maʻi parasitic a hoʻoulu pū i nā hopena allergies.
• ʻO Basophils: He ʻano koko keʻokeʻo e hoʻokuʻu i ka histamine i ka wā o nā hopena allergies a me ka heparin, ka mea e pale ai i ke koko mai ka clotting.
• Nā Granulocytes ʻōpiopio: ʻO kēia nā neutrophils, eosinophils, a i ʻole basophils i oʻo ʻole.
• Nā Kelepona Koko ʻUlaʻula i Hoʻopili ʻia (nRBC):He mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula ʻōpiopio kēia. Hiki ke hōʻike ʻia lākou ma ke ʻano he helu piha (`(nRBC piha)`) a i ʻole he pakeneka (ka helu o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula no 100 mau hunaola keʻokeʻo).

Pono anei iaʻu e hoʻomākaukau no ka hoʻokolohua CBC?

ʻAʻohe hoʻomākaukau kūikawā e pono ai no kahi hoʻāʻo CBC. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻai a inu ma ke ʻano maʻamau, a inā ʻoe e lawe ana i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau, hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe iā lākou e like me ka maʻamau. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e hoʻokē ʻai. Eia nō naʻe, inā ua kauoha kāu kauka i nā hoʻāʻo koko ʻē aʻe me ka CBC, aia paha he mau kuhikuhi kūikawā no kēlā mau hoʻāʻo. No laila he manaʻo maikaʻi e nīnau i kāu kauka a i ʻole ka lab e pili ana i kēia.

He aha ke ʻano o ka ʻike āu e loaʻa ai i ka wā e hana ana i kahi hoʻokolohua CBC?

Ke lawe ʻia kahi hāpana koko, koho pinepine ʻia kahi aa koko mai kou lima (ma kahi kokoke i kou kuʻekuʻe) a hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ka wahi me kahi mea e like me ka waiʻona hamo. A laila, hoʻokomo kahi kahu maʻi a kauka paha i kahi nila. Ke hoʻokomo ʻia ka nila, hiki iā ʻoe ke manaʻo i kahi ʻeha iki, e like me ka nila liʻiliʻi a i ʻole ka ʻeha ʻana o ka nalo. I ka lawe ʻana i ke koko mai nā pēpē liʻiliʻi, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ke kuʻekuʻe wāwae.

Lawe ʻia kahi koko liʻiliʻi ma o ke kui a hōʻiliʻili ʻia i loko o kahi ʻōmole kūikawā. I kekahi manawa hiki ke lawe ʻia ma mua o hoʻokahi ʻōmole, ma muli o nā hoʻokolohua a ke kauka i kauoha ai.

Ke huki ʻia ke koko, wehe ʻia ke kui a hoʻopili ʻia kahi kāʻei liʻiliʻi a i ʻole kahi ʻāpana gauze ma kahi. A laila hoʻouna ʻia kāu hāpana koko i ka lab no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana.

He aha ka mea e hana ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo CBC?

Ma hope o ke kaha ʻia ʻana o ke koko, e uhi ʻia kou lima me kahi kāʻei a i ʻole kahi ʻāpana gauze. Hiki ke ʻeha kou lima no kekahi manawa. I kekahi manawa, aia paha kahi palapū liʻiliʻi ma kahi i hoʻokomo ʻia ai ke kui. He mea maʻamau kēia a e nalo aku i loko o kekahi mau lā.

Aia kekahi mau pilikia a i ʻole nā ​​​​hopena ʻaoʻao i kēia hoʻāʻo?

He hoʻāʻo palekana a maʻamau ka CBC. ʻAʻole ia e lawe i kekahi mau pilikia nui. Eia nō naʻe, aia kahi manawa liʻiliʻi o ka maʻi ma kahi o ke koko i huki ʻia, ʻoiai inā he nāwaliwali kou ʻōnaehana pale. He mea kākaʻikahi loa, hiki i kekahi poʻe ke manaʻo iki i ka poʻo māmā a i ʻole ka poniuniu ma hope o ke koko i huki ʻia. Inā hana ʻia kēia, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka noho mālie no kekahi manawa.

He aha nā pae maʻamau no kahi hoʻokolohua CBC?

Aia kahi "Maʻamau ka laulā" no nā waiwai i loko o kahi hōʻike CBC. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa iki kēia laulā mai ka hale hana a i ka hale hana. Eia kekahi, aia kekahi mau kumu ʻē aʻe e hiki ai ke ʻokoʻa kēia mau waiwai maʻamau:

• Ke keʻena hoʻokolohua kahi e hana ʻia ai ka hoʻāʻo: Aia paha he ʻokoʻa iki i nā lako a me nā ʻano hana i hoʻohana ʻia ma kēlā me kēia keʻena hoʻokolohua.
• Kou kūlana hormonal: Hāʻawi kekahi mau hōʻike i nā pae kuhikuhi kaʻawale no nā kāne a me nā wahine. Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia ma nā pae hormone maʻamau no kēlā me kēia kāne. Hiki ke loli kēia inā ʻoe e lawe ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau hormone.
• Kou makahiki: He ʻokoʻa nā pae maʻamau no nā pākeke a me nā keiki.
• Inā ʻoe e hāpai ana a i ʻole he mau pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe:Hiki ke loli nā waiwai maʻamau me kēia.
• Nā anakahi ana i hoʻohana ʻia e ka lab: No ka laʻana, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia kekahi mau hopena ma ke ʻano he mau cell no kēlā me kēia microliter (`(nā cell no kēlā me kēia microliter - mcL, uL a i ʻole µL)`), a hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia kekahi ma ke ʻano he mau cell no kēlā me kēia microliter i hoʻonui ʻia e 1000 (`(k/mcL, k/uL a i ʻole k/µL)`). Hiki i kēia ke hoʻolilo i nā waiwai i ʻokoʻa loa.

ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ke nānā mau i ka pae kuhikuhi i hāʻawi ʻia i loko o kāu hōʻike a hoʻohālikelike i kāu mau waiwai me ia wale nō. Inā he mau nīnau kāu, mai kānalua e nīnau i kāu kauka.

ʻEhia ka manawa e hiki ai ke loaʻa nā hopena o ka hoʻāʻo CBC?

Loaʻa pinepine nā hopena i loko o kekahi mau lā. I kekahi manawa, hiki ke loaʻa nā hopena i loko o 24 mau hola. E kāhea aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe ke loaʻa iā ʻoe kāu mau hopena, e wehewehe iā lākou, a e haʻi iā ʻoe i ka mea e hana ai ma hope.

He aha ka manaʻo o nā hopena CBC kūpono ʻole?

Hiki ke loaʻa nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole e hiki ai ke hoʻonui a hoʻemi paha i ka nui o nā hunaola i loko o ke koko. Hiki i kekahi o kēia mau mea ke koʻikoʻi, aʻo kekahi he mea maʻamau a maʻalahi hoʻi e mālama ʻia. Eia kekahi mau laʻana:

• Ka helu kiʻekiʻe o nā ʻula koko ʻulaʻula: Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia mau mea e ka maʻi puʻuwai, ka maʻi māmā, ka polycythemia vera (kahi ʻano e hana ai ka iwi iwi i nā ʻula koko he nui), a i ʻole ka apnea hiamoe (sleep apnea).
• Ka helu haʻahaʻa o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula (anemia): Hiki ke kumu ʻia e nā hemahema meaʻai (e like me ka hemahema o ka wikamina B12 a i ʻole ka hemahema hao), ke kahe ʻana o ke koko, ka emi ʻana o ka hana o nā puʻupaʻa, a me nā maʻi koko a me ka iwi iwi.
• He helu platelet kiʻekiʻe: ʻO nā maʻi a me nā pilikia o ka ʻōnaehana pale ke kumu.
• Hiki ke hana ʻia ka helu haʻahaʻa o nā platelet e nā mea e like me: Immune Thrombocytopenia (kahi kūlana e luku ai ka ʻōnaehana pale i nā platelet), kekahi mau ʻano maʻi kanesa, a me ka Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome.
• He helu koko keʻokeʻo kiʻekiʻe: Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia mau mea e nā kūlana e like me nā maʻi, nā allergies, nā kūlana autoimmune, lymphoma, a me leukemia.
• He haʻahaʻa ka helu o nā kele koko keʻokeʻo: ʻO nā maʻi autoimmune, kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau, nā maʻi ʻiʻo iwi, a me nā maʻi ʻeha ke kumu.

He aha ka mea e hana ai ma hope inā he ʻano ʻē nā hopena?

Inā ʻaʻole ma waho o ka pae maʻamau kāu hōʻike CBC, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i ke ʻano o ia mea. Hiki i kāu kauka ke kauoha i nā hoʻokolohua hou aʻe a hoʻomaka paha i kahi hoʻolālā lapaʻau. A i ʻole, ʻaʻole paha ʻoe e pono i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, e nānā wale ana. No laila, mai hopohopo a hoʻolohe i ka mea a kāu kauka e ʻōlelo ai.

Āhea wau e kāhea aku ai i ke kauka?

Inā he mau nīnau a hopohopo paha kāu e pili ana i ka hoʻāʻo CBC a i ʻole kāna mau hopena, e ʻoluʻolu e kāhea i kāu kauka. Mai mālama i kekahi mea āu e maopopo ʻole ai.

Ke hōʻike nei ka CBC i ka hana o nā puʻupaʻa?

ʻAʻole hōʻike pololei ka hoʻāʻo CBC i ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o kou mau puʻupaʻa. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo kekahi o nā waiwai i loko o ka hōʻike, e like me ka helu lymphocyte a me MCV, i ka wā e hui pū ʻia me nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe, hiki ke kōkua i kāu kauka e loaʻa kahi manaʻo no ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o kou mau puʻupaʻa.

ʻO ka mea hope loa, nā mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai (Leka Lawe-Home)

ʻAe, i kēia manawa ke lana nei koʻu manaʻo ua ʻoi aku kou maopopo i ka hoʻokolohua CBC.

He hoʻāʻo koko maʻamau a koʻikoʻi loa ka CBC (Complete Blood Count) a nā kauka e hoʻohana ai e loaʻa ka ʻike e pili ana i kou olakino.

Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke hana i kēia i ka wā o ka nānā maʻamau, a i ʻole e kauoha paha kāu kauka iā ia e ʻike i ke kumu o kekahi o kāu mau hōʻailona. He mea maʻamau ke hopohopo iki a makaʻu paha i ka wā e kali ana i nā hopena hoʻāʻo. Akā e hoʻomanaʻo, hāʻawi nā hopena o kahi CBC i kāu kauka i nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi e pili ana i nā mea e hana nei i loko o kou kino. Hiki i kēia mau hōʻailona ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike pono i ka mea hewa (`(Diagnosis)`), hoʻomaka i ka lāʻau kūpono (`(Treatment)`), a hoʻomaikaʻi iā ʻoe. No laila, hoʻokahi wale nō ʻanuʻu kēia e hoʻihoʻi ai i kou olakino ma ke ala kūpono. Aloha nui!

` CBC, Helu Koko Piha, Hoʻāʻo Koko, Anemia, Nā Maʻi, Nā Kelepona Koko, Hemoglobin, Helu Koko Piha, Hoʻāʻo Koko, Anemia, Nā Maʻi, Nā Kelepona Koko, Hemoglobin