ʻAʻole hana nā antibiotics? E pili ana kēia i ke kū'ē ʻana i ka antibiotic!

Ke hele ʻoe i ke kauka no ke anu, ke kuni, a i ʻole kahi maʻi, hāʻawi lākou iā ʻoe i kahi antibiotic, ʻeā? No laila, ke manaʻo nei ʻoe e hana mau ana kēlā me kēia antibiotic āu e hāʻawi ai i ke ʻano like? ʻAʻole ia he ʻoiaʻiʻo. I kekahi manawa, hoʻomaʻamaʻa nā meaola liʻiliʻi i kapa ʻia he bacteria i kēia mau antibiotics a hoʻomaka e kūʻē iā lākou. ʻO ia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he kūʻē antibiotic . He moʻolelo koʻikoʻi kēia, akā e mālama kākou i ka maʻalahi.

He aha kēia ʻano kū'ē i ka antibiotic?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ke kūʻē ʻana i nā antibiotic ka hiki o ka bacteria ke kūʻē i nā antibiotics i hoʻolālā ʻia e pepehi iā lākou a hoʻōki paha i ko lākou ulu ʻana. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ʻo nā maʻi bacteria i maʻalahi ke mālama ʻia ma mua, ua lilo i mea paʻakikī loa ke mālama ʻia.

ʻO kēia kekahi ʻāpana o kahi mahele nui i kapa ʻia ʻo ke kū'ē antimicrobial . Hiki i nā fungi, nā parasites, a me nā virus ke kū'ē i nā lāʻau lapaʻau.

ʻO ka mea nui, ʻaʻole kou kino e hoʻomohala nei i ke kūʻē ʻana i ka antibiotic, ʻo ka bacteria! Ke hana ʻia kēia, emi ka nui o nā antibiotics e hana kūʻē i kahi bacteria kikoʻī. Hiki i nā antibiotics ʻē aʻe ke kōkua, akā he mea nui e loaʻa nā koho lapaʻau he nui e like me ka hiki. ʻOi loa no nā maʻi koʻikoʻi, ʻo ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka lāʻau kūpono i ka wā hikiwawe hiki ke hoʻopakele i ke ola. E noʻonoʻo wale, inā lōʻihi loa ka manawa e loaʻa ai i ke kauka ka lāʻau kūpono nou, hiki ke ʻoi aku ka maʻi, ʻeā?

No ke aha i weliweli ai kēia?

He mea weliweli ke kū'ē ʻana i ka antibiotic no ka mea e hōʻemi ana i kāu mau koho lapaʻau ke maʻi ʻoe. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻopaneʻe i ka lāʻau kūpono. Hiki i kēia ke waiho iā ʻoe me:

• Hoʻonui ʻia ka pilikia o ka maʻi nui a lōʻihi paha a i ʻole ka make.
• Nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
• Noho lōʻihi ma ka haukapila.
• Pono e ʻike pinepine i nā kauka.
• Ka hoʻonui ʻia o ke kumukūʻai o ka mālama ola kino.

Ke hana nui nei nā loea olakino lehulehu a me nā mea hoʻokumu kulekele a puni ka honua e ʻimi i nā hopena no kēia. Akā, ʻaʻohe hopena maʻalahi. No ka hoʻololi ʻana i kēia, pono mākou i ka lokahi a me ke kākoʻo o kākou a pau. Ma ka ʻike ʻana i kēia, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i nā hana e pale aku iā ʻoe iho, i kāu poʻe aloha, a me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe he nui āu i ʻike ʻole ai.

Pehea e kū mai ai kēia ʻano kū'ē i ka antibiotic?

He kūpaʻa kūlohelohe nā bacteria i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa. Akā hiki i kekahi mau mea ke hoʻolalelale i kēia kaʻina hana. Eia kekahi o lākou:

Ka hoʻohana nui ʻana i nā lāʻau antibiotic

ʻO kekahi kumu nui no kēia, ʻo ia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau antibiotic i ka wā ʻaʻole pono maoli ʻoe iā lākou. E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ia mea, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā ʻeha puʻu i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā virus. No laila, he mea ʻole nā ​​​​lāʻau antibiotic. ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ka lawe wale ʻana i nā lāʻau antibiotic inā kuhikuhi ʻia e ke kauka.

Hoʻohana pono ʻole ʻia nā lāʻau antibiotic

Ke ʻimi mau nei nā bacteria i kekahi manawa kūpono e hoʻonui ai. Inā poina iā ʻoe ke lawe i kahi antibiotic i ka manawa kūpono, e hoʻōki i ka lawe ʻana ma mua o ke kauka e ʻōlelo aku ai iā ʻoe, a i ʻole e hoʻohana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a kekahi, hiki i nā bacteria ke hoʻomaka hou e hoʻonui. Ke hoʻonui lākou e like me kēia, hiki ke loli ko lākou ʻano genetic, a i ʻole DNA . Ua kapa ʻia kēia he mutation . ʻO nā bacteria i loli ma kēia ʻano e lilo i mea kūpaʻa i ka lāʻau. Hiki i nā antibiotics ke pepehi wale i nā bacteria i loli ʻole, e waiho ana i nā bacteria kūpaʻa ma hope.

Nā loli koke i nā bacteria (Ke kū'ē koke)

I kekahi manawa, loli koke ke ʻano genetic o kahi bacteria, ʻo ia hoʻi, loli ia . A laila ʻaʻole hiki i ka antibiotic ke ʻike i kēia bacteria i hoʻololi hou ʻia a ʻaʻole hiki ke kuhikuhi pono iā ia. A i ʻole, ma muli o kēlā loli, hiki i ka bacteria ke hakakā i nā hopena o ka lāʻau.

Ke kū'ē i hoʻoili ʻia

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoili i kahi maʻi bacteria kūʻē i ka lāʻau i kekahi. A laila e loaʻa i kēlā kanaka ʻē aʻe kahi maʻi ʻaʻole e hana kekahi antibiotic. I ka manawa pinepine, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa kahi lāʻau ʻē aʻe. Akā i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, hiki i kēia mau bacteria kūʻē ke lilo i mea paʻakikī ke mālama.

ʻO wai ka mea i pilikia nui loa mai kēia?

Hiki i kekahi ke loaʻa i nā maʻi kū'ē i ka antibiotic. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o kekahi mau hui ma muli o ko lākou kūlana olakino a i ʻole ke kaiapuni a lākou e noho nei. ʻO ka poʻe i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia mau maʻi weliweli:

• Nā pēpē, ʻoi aku hoʻi ka poʻe i hānau mua ʻole ʻia.
• Nā mākua ma luna o 65 mau makahiki.
• ʻO ka poʻe home ʻole a noho paha i nā wahi piha kanaka.
• Nā kānaka me nā ʻōnaehana pale i hoʻopilikia ʻia.
• Ke hoʻohana nei nā kānaka i nā lāʻau antibiotic no ka manawa lōʻihi.

No ke aha he pilikia nui kēia?

ʻO ke kū'ē ʻana i nā antibiotic kahi mea a kākou e hopohopo ai. Ua like ia me ka lawe ʻana mai nā lāʻau lapaʻau a nā kauka e hoʻohana ai e mālama iā ʻoe ke maʻi ʻoe. Inā kū'ē kekahi bacteria i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau, pono nā kauka e ʻimi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe e mālama iā ʻoe. ʻAʻole maʻalahi kēia i nā manawa a pau. I mea e maopopo ai ke kumu he mea nui kēia, pono kākou e hoʻomaopopo pehea e pili ai iā kākou a pau ma ka pae honua.

He aha ke kū'ē ʻana i ka lāʻau antibiotic?He pilikia olakino lehulehu honua ia. ʻO ia hoʻi, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopilikia i nā kānaka a pau, no laila hiki iā ia ke hoʻopilikia iā ʻoe pū kekahi. Akā, ʻaʻole nā ​​kānaka e kūʻē i nā lāʻau antibiotic. ʻO nā ʻano bacteria kikoʻī e hana pēlā.

ʻO ke kumu, ke hoʻohana mākou a pau i nā lāʻau antibiotic e mālama i nā maʻi bacteria, hoʻomaka ka bacteria e hoʻomaʻamaʻa iā lākou. E noʻonoʻo i kēia ʻano. Loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hoaaloha e makemake nui e hoʻolei i nā pāʻina hoʻopūhoihoi. ʻO ka manawa mua, hoʻopūhoihoi ʻo ia iā ʻoe a i ʻole kekahi mea ʻē aʻe i kāu hui me ka maʻalahi. Akā ma hope o kekahi manawa, hopu ʻoe i kāna hoʻolālā a ʻike maoli ʻoe e hiki mai ana kahi mea hoʻopūhoihoi. A laila pono ka nui o ka hoʻoikaika - malia paha he mea hiki ʻole - e hoʻopūhoihoi i kāu hoaaloha.

Pēlā nō nā bacteria. I kēlā me kēia manawa a mākou e "hoʻopūʻiwa" ai iā lākou me kahi lāʻau antibiotic, maʻa lākou iā ia. ʻIke lākou i ka hiki ʻana mai, a ʻaʻole makemake lākou i nā mea kupanaha. No laila, loaʻa iā lākou nā ala e pakele ai (ʻo ia hoʻi, e kūʻē i nā hopena o ka lāʻau antibiotic).

ʻAʻole kēia manaʻo e lilo ana kou kino i mea kūʻē i nā lāʻau antibiotic. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole i maʻalahi nā bacteria ma ka honua (hiki ke hoʻopilikia iā ʻoe i kekahi lā) i nā lāʻau antibiotic e like me ka wā ma mua. No laila, pono nā kauka e hana ikaika e ʻimi i nā lāʻau antibiotic hou e mālama i kekahi mau maʻi.

He aha nā bacteria kū'ē i ka antibiotic i make loa?

ʻO kēia mau ʻano bacteria ke kuleana no ka nui o nā make mai nā maʻi kū'ē i ka antibiotic ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa:

• ʻO Escherichia coli (E. coli)
• ʻO Staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcus aureus - S. aureus)
• ʻO Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae)
• Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae)
• ʻO Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii)
• ʻO Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pseudomonas aeruginosa - P. aeruginosa)

He aha kēia mau "superbugs"?

ʻO nā Superbugs he bacteria, virus, a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​huakino ʻē aʻe i hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pepehi maʻamau iā lākou. Lilo lākou i kūʻē i nā lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻAʻole lākou e nalowale me ka mālama ʻana, akā hoʻomau i ka hoʻonui a hoʻoulu i nā maʻi. I kekahi manawa, ʻaʻohe antibiotic e hana.

ʻO kekahi mau maʻi bacteria i hāʻule i loko o ka māhele o nā superbugs:

• C. diff (Clostridioides difficile - C. diff)
• ʻO ka gonorrhea kū'ē i ka lāʻau lapaʻau
• ʻO ka Staphylococcus aureus kū'ē i ka Methicillin (MRSA)
• ʻO ka Mycobacterium tuberculosis kū'ē i nā lāʻau lapaʻau he nui (MDR-TB)
• ʻO ka Enterococci kū'ē iā Vancomycin

Pehea lā kākou e hana ai me kēia?

No ka hoʻololi ʻana i kēia kūlana ma ka pae honua, he kuleana koʻikoʻi ko nā mea lawelawe olakino a me nā mea hoʻokumu kulekele. Akā, ʻaʻole ia manaʻo ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kekahi mea. Nui nā mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana. Eia kekahi mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo:

• E hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono. Ma ka pale ʻana iā ʻoe iho mai nā maʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke pale aku i nā maʻi bacteria e pono ai nā antibiotics. ʻO ka nui o nā antibiotics a mākou e hoʻohana ai ma ke ʻano he kaiāulu, ʻo ka nui o ke kūʻē ʻana i ka antibiotic hiki iā mākou ke hana. ʻO ka holoi lima kekahi hana nui hiki iā ʻoe ke hana. Hiki i kāu kauka ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo hou aku.
• E lawe wale i nā lāʻau antibiotic inā pono maoli ʻoe iā lākou. ʻAʻole hana nā antibiotics no nā maʻi viral. Akā i kekahi manawa hiki ke like nā hōʻailona o nā maʻi bacteria a me viral. No laila, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e pono i nā antibiotics, manaʻo paha ʻoe e like me ʻoe. Inā maʻi ʻoe, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka lāʻau lapaʻau āu e pono ai a no ke aha.
• E kiʻi i nā lāʻau pale i ʻōlelo ʻia e kāu kauka. I kēia manawa, ʻaʻohe lāʻau pale no nā bacteria he nui e hoʻoulu ai i nā maʻi kūʻē i ka antibiotic. ʻO kahi ʻokoʻa ka lāʻau pale pneumococcal. Mālama kēia iā ʻoe mai ka maʻi pneumococcal i hoʻokumu ʻia e S. pneumoniae. He mea nui loa kēia lāʻau pale no nā poʻe he nui, ʻoiai nā keiki ma lalo o 2 mau makahiki a me nā pākeke ma luna o 65 mau makahiki. He mea nui nō hoʻi nā lāʻau pale ʻē aʻe e pale aku i nā maʻi viral, e like me ka lāʻau pale influenza (pana flu) . Hiki i ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi viral ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i nā hōʻailona e alakaʻi ai i ka hoʻohana pono ʻole ʻana i ka antibiotic.

Pehea lā e mālama ai nā kauka i kēia?

He palena pinepine nā koho lapaʻau. E ho'āʻo kāu kauka e ʻimi i ka antibiotic kūpono a i ʻole ka hui pū ʻana o nā antibiotics no kāu maʻi. No ka laʻana, ʻo nā carbapenems kahi ʻano antibiotic e hana maikaʻi ana i nā bacteria kūʻē i ka antibiotic. E hāʻawi kāu kauka iā ʻoe i kahi carbapenem, e like me meropenem, ma ke ʻano he injection.

E wehewehe ana kāu kauka i nā koho lapaʻau iā ʻoe, me ko lākou mau pono a me nā pōʻino. Ke hoʻāʻo mau nei nā kānaka noiʻi e ʻimi i nā koho hou a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e mālama ai i nā bacteria kūʻē i ka antibiotic. I kēia manawa, ʻo ka hahai ʻana i nā alakaʻi no ka hoʻohana pono ʻana i ka antibiotic hiki ke kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau liʻiliʻi i loaʻa iā mākou i kā mākou waihona.

E aʻo pū kākou e pili ana i nā maʻi ʻōpū mimi (UTI) i kūʻē i ka antibiotic.

Hiki ke mālama ʻia ka hapa nui o nā maʻi ʻaʻai mimi (UTI) me nā antibiotics. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka UTI kūʻē i ka antibiotic he maʻi ia i loko o kou ʻaʻai mimi, ka ʻōpū mimi, a i ʻole nā ​​puʻupaʻa i pane ʻole i nā antibiotics i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā maʻi ʻōpū mimi e hoʻoulu ʻia e ka bacteria E. coli . Hoʻōla pinepine ʻia kēia mau maʻi me nā antibiotics. Akā ke kūpaʻa nei ka bacteria i kēia mau lāʻau. No ka laʻana, hana kekahi mau ʻano o E. coli i nā enzymes i kapa ʻia ʻo extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) . Hoʻopau kēia mau enzymes a luku i nā antibiotics. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻonui i ka ʻino o kāu maʻi a paʻakikī hoʻi e mālama me ka ʻole o ka hana ʻana o nā antibiotics.

Hiki paha i ke kauka ke kuhikuhi i kahi antibiotic maʻamau no ka maʻi ʻaʻai mimi, me ka ʻike ʻole he mau ʻano bacteria kūpaʻa ke kumu. Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke ʻoluʻolu iki ma hope o ka lawe ʻana i ka antibiotic no hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha lā. ʻO kēia no ka mea pepehi ka antibiotic i kekahi o nā bacteria, akā aia nō nā bacteria kūpaʻa. No laila, ʻaʻole e ho'ōla loa ka lāʻau iā ʻoe. Inā ʻike ʻia he bacteria kūpaʻa antibiotic kāu, pono kāu kauka e hoʻololi i kāu antibiotic.

ʻO ka nūhou maikaʻi, aia kekahi mau ʻano antibiotic e hana ana no nā UTI kūʻē i ka antibiotic. E haʻi aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi loa iā ʻoe. E hahai i ka nui a me ka lōʻihi a lākou e hāʻawi ai iā ʻoe. He mea nui e lawe i ka papa holoʻokoʻa o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻoiai inā ʻoe e manaʻo nei ua maikaʻi.

ʻO ka mea hope loa, e hoʻomanaʻo i kēia.

Ke maʻi ʻoe, ʻo ka mea mua āu e noʻonoʻo ai, ʻo ia ka lāʻau lapaʻau e lawe ai e hoʻōla koke. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, he mea kaua ikaika nā antibiotics e kūʻē i nā maʻi bacteria he nui. Hiki iā lākou ke hōʻemi i kāu mau hōʻailona a hōʻemi i kou pilikia o nā pilikia koʻikoʻi. Akā i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ua hoʻomohala ka nui o nā bacteria i ke kūʻē ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hana no nā makahiki. Hiki i kēia ke lilo i kūlana weliweli, akā ʻo ka ʻike hou ʻana e pili ana i ke kūʻē ʻana i ka antibiotic hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e pale iā ʻoe iho a me kāu poʻe aloha. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i nā ala e noho olakino ai. Hiki iā ia ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo i kūpono i kāu mau pono olakino.

ʻO ke kū'ē ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ke kū'ē ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, bacteria, antibiotics, nā maʻi, olakino, nā Superbugs