Ua loaʻa anei i kekahi o kou ʻohana, he kupuna wahine a he kupuna kāne paha, ka maʻi Alzheimer? Ke hana ʻia kēlā, he mea maʻamau loa ka loaʻa ʻana o ka makaʻu iki i loko o kou manaʻo, "Auē, e loaʻa pū anei iaʻu kēia maʻi?" ʻO ia ka manawa e hoʻomaka ai kēia hoʻāʻo gene APOE. Hiki iā ia ke wānana maoli i ko kākou wā e hiki mai ana? E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i nā mea āpau me ka maʻalahi a me ka maopopo.
He aha kēia hoʻāʻo gene APOE?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka gene APOE he hoʻāʻo genetic e nānā ana i ka genotype o kahi gene i kapa ʻia ʻo apolipoprotein E. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau ʻano like ʻole o kēia gene, ʻoi aku paha kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi Alzheimer ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe .
Akā, ʻo ka mea nui loa ma ʻaneʻi, ʻo ia kēia. ʻOiai he kiʻekiʻe kou pilikia, ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo e maʻi maoli nō ʻoe. E noʻonoʻo he mau ao ʻeleʻele ma ka lewa. ʻO ia hoʻi, aia ka manawa e ua ai, akā, ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo e ua maoli nō. Pēlā nō ia. ʻAʻole wale nō i hoʻopilikia ʻia ko kākou olakino e ko kākou mau genes, akā, e nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui, e like me ka mea a kākou e ʻai ai, inā paha kākou e hoʻoikaika kino, a me ko kākou nohona.
No laila, he mea nui loa e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e hoʻomaopopo i nā hopena o kēia hoʻokolohua.
ʻAe, he aha kēia gene APOE?
Ke haʻi aku nei ka gene APOE i nā ʻāpana o ko kākou kino e hana i kahi protein kūikawā i kapa ʻia ʻo apolipoprotein E. Hana kēia protein i kahi hana koʻikoʻi loa. Hoʻohui ia me nā momona (lipids) i loko o ko kākou kino a lawe i nā mea e like me ka cholesterol i kahi e pono ai lākou i loko o ke koko, e like me kahi kaʻa kaʻa. Kāhea mākou i kēia he lipoprotein.
ʻEkolu mau ʻano nui, a i ʻole nā alleles, o ka gene APOE i loko o ko kākou kino.
| ʻAno like ʻole o ke ʻano gene (Allele) | Wehewehena |
|---|---|
| APOE-e2 (APOE2) | He ʻano laha ʻole. |
| APOE-e3 (APOE3) | ʻO ke ʻano maʻamau i loaʻa i ka hapa nui o nā kānaka. |
| APOE-e4 (APOE4) | ʻO ke ʻano like ʻole e pili ana me ka pilikia o ka maʻi Alzheimer. |
Ua hoʻoilina kākou a pau i ʻelua kope o kēia gene, hoʻokahi mai ko kākou makuahine a hoʻokahi mai ko kākou makuakāne. No laila, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ka hui pū ʻana o kekahi o kēia mau ʻano ʻekolu (e.g. e3/e3, e3/e4, e2/e4).
ʻO wai o kēia mau genes e pili ana me ka maʻi o Alzheimer?
ʻO ka mea mua, ʻaʻohe gene i loaʻa e hoʻoulu pololei i ka maʻi Alzheimer . Eia nō naʻe, ua ʻike ʻia e ka noiʻi ʻana ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o hoʻokahi kope o ka ʻano gene APOE-e4 e hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi Alzheimer.
- APOE-e4: ʻO ka poʻe me hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha kope o kēia ʻano gene, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi Alzheimer i ka wā lohi, kahi e ulu ana ma hope o 65 mau makahiki.
- APOE-e2: He nūhou maikaʻi kēia. Hiki i kēia ʻano gene ke hāʻawi i kahi pale e kūʻē i ka maʻi Alzheimer. ʻOiai inā loaʻa i kekahi me kēia gene ka maʻi, hana pinepine ia ma hope loa ma mua o kekahi me APOE-e4.
ʻO ka mea nui, no ka mea wale nō iā ʻoe ka gene APOE-e4, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻōlelo maopopo e loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi Alzheimer. A, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻōlelo ʻaʻole e loaʻa i ka mea ʻaʻohe ona gene kēlā ka maʻi Alzheimer. He mea pilikia wale nō kēia.
Pehea ʻoe e hana ai i kēia hoʻāʻo? ʻO wai ka mea hana?
ʻAʻole kēia he hoʻokolohua e koi ʻia ai ʻoe e lawe. He mea ia e hana ʻia ma kou makemake ponoʻī. Inā he moʻolelo o ka maʻi Alzheimer i loko o kou ʻohana, makemake paha ʻoe e aʻo e pili ana i kēia. I kēlā hihia, hiki iā ʻoe ke kamaʻilio me kāu kauka a ʻike hou aʻe e pili ana i kēia.
He maʻalahi loa ka hoʻāʻo:
1. Ke kiʻi ʻana i kahi hāpana DNA: E kiʻi ke kauka i kahi hāpana DNA mai iā ʻoe. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia ma ka lawe ʻana i kahi koko liʻiliʻi a i ʻole ma ke kāwele ʻana i loko o kou waha a i ʻole kou papālina me kahi kāwele liʻiliʻi.
2. Hoʻouna ʻana i ka hale hana: Hoʻouna ʻia kēia hāpana i kahi hale hana kūikawā no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana.
3. Ke hāʻawi nei i nā hualoaʻa: Hoʻāʻo ka lab i kāu DNA a hoʻouna i nā hopena i kāu kauka.
4. Ke kūkākūkā ʻana i nā hualoaʻa: A laila, e kamaʻilio kāu kauka a i ʻole kekahi kākāʻōlelo genetic me ʻoe a wehewehe i ke ʻano o kēia mau hualoaʻa.
Aia i kēia manawa nā hoʻokolohua genetic ma ka home i loaʻa ma kekahi mau ʻāina. Eia nō naʻe, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hopena mai kekahi, he mea nui nō hoʻi e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka ʻohana e hoʻomaopopo i nā kikoʻī pololei.
He aha kā kākou e aʻo ai mai nā hopena?
Hōʻike nā hopena hoʻāʻo iā ʻoe i nā ʻano like ʻole (alleles) o ka gene APOE āu.
He aha ka manaʻo o ka APOE4 maikaʻi?
ʻO ke ʻano o "APOE4 maikaʻi" ʻo ia hoʻi he hoʻokahi kope o ka gene APOE-e4 i loko o kāu DNA.
He aha ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi Alzheimer inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka APOE4?
Ma waena o 15% a me 25% o ka heluna kanaka o ka honua he kope hoʻokahi o ka gene APOE-e4. Ma waena o 2% a me 5% he mau kope ʻelua. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o hoʻokahi kope hiki ke hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi Alzheimer.
Akā, ke haʻi hou nei au, ʻaʻole kēia he hoʻāʻo e hōʻoia i ke alo o kahi maʻi. Hōʻike wale ia iā ʻoe e pili ana i ka pilikia.
| Hopena | Ka mea a ke kauka e ʻōlelo ai |
|---|---|
| Loaʻa iā ʻoe ka gene APOE-e4 (pilikia kiʻekiʻe) | E aʻo aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe e hahai i kahi nohona olakino. |
| ʻAʻohe ou gene APOE-e4 (pilikia haʻahaʻa) | ʻOiai he haʻahaʻa ka pilikia, he mea nui nō naʻe ka mālama ʻana i kahi nohona olakino. |
Inā hōʻike nā hualoaʻa he kiʻekiʻe ka pilikia, hiki i kāu kauka ke haʻi iā ʻoe e hana i nā mea e like me:
- Hoʻoikaika kino mau: Hana i nā hoʻoikaika kino e hoʻohou ai iā ʻoe ma ka liʻiliʻi he mau lā o ka pule.
- E hiamoe maikaʻi: E hiamoe ma ka liʻiliʻi he 7-8 mau hola i ka lā.
- Ke launa pū ʻana: ka hoʻolilo ʻana i ka manawa me nā hoaaloha a me nā ʻohana, ke komo ʻana i nā hana pili kaiaulu.
- Ke hoʻokūkū nei i ka lolo: Nā mea e like me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā puʻupuʻu, ka heluhelu ʻana i nā puke, ke aʻo ʻana i kahi ʻōlelo hou a i ʻole kahi mea kani.
Hiki i ka ʻike ʻana i kēia mau hopena ke hoʻopili i ka noʻonoʻo?
ʻAe, ʻoiaʻiʻo nō. Ke aʻo mākou i nā hopena o kahi hoʻāʻo genetic e like me kēia, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopilikia iā mākou ma nā ʻano he nui. Hiki iā ʻoe ke makaʻu, hopohopo, a huhū paha. I kekahi manawa, ʻaʻole paha e hāʻawi nā hopena iā ʻoe i ka pane maopopo āu i manaʻolana ai.
Mai hakakā wale me kēia ʻike paʻakikī. E kamaʻilio ākea me kāu kauka e pili ana i kēia. E kōkua ʻo ia iā ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i ke kūlana a hoʻolālā i kāu mau hana aʻe.
E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻoiai he aha kou mau genes, nui nā mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e hōʻemi i kou pilikia o ka maʻi Alzheimer. ʻO ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo maikaʻi loa no kēia, ʻo ia ke kamaʻilio me kāu kauka.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka gene APOE e hōʻike wale iā ʻoe e pili ana i kou pilikia no ka maʻi Alzheimer, akā ʻaʻole ia e ʻōlelo paʻa e loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi.
- ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka gene APOE-e4 e hoʻonui paha i ka pilikia. Hiki i ka gene APOE-e2 ke hāʻawi i kekahi palekana.
- ʻOiai inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka gene APOE-e4, ʻaʻole ia manaʻo e loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi Alzheimer. A ʻaʻole ia manaʻo ʻaʻole e loaʻa i kekahi me ka ʻole o ka gene.
- Hiki i nā hopena o ka hoʻāʻo ke hoʻopilikia i ka naʻau, no laila e kūkākūkā mau i nā hopena me kāu kauka .
- ʻOiai ke ʻano o kou mau genes, hiki i kahi nohona olakino (ʻai maikaʻi, hoʻoikaika kino, hoʻomau i kou lolo) ke kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i kou pilikia o ka maʻi.
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