Ua lohe mākou a pau i ka lāʻau make meaʻai, ʻeā? I kekahi manawa maʻi mākou mai ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai i loko o ka pahu a i ʻole ka meaʻai i kuke pono ʻole ʻia. Akā ua ʻike anei ʻoe hiki i kēia mau mea ke hana i kahi maʻi weliweli loa, a hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola? I kēia lā ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i kekahi maʻi kakaʻikahi, akā he mea nui e makaʻala. ʻO ia ka botulism.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka botulism?
He maʻi koʻikoʻi loa ka botulism, akā he maʻi kakaikahi loa. Hoʻokumu ʻia ia e kahi bacteria i kapa ʻia ʻo 'Clostridium botulinum' . Hoʻopuka kēia bacteria i kahi mea ʻawaʻawa ikaika loa, ʻo ia hoʻi , he toxin . Hoʻouka kēia mea ʻawaʻawa i ka ʻōnaehana nerve o ko mākou kino. Hana kēia mea ʻawaʻawa me he mea lā 'e hoʻopōkole ana' i ka 'ʻōnaehana uea' i loko o ko mākou kino. ʻO ka hopena, hoʻomaka ko mākou mau ʻiʻo e nalowale ka ikaika, ʻo ia hoʻi, e lilo i maʻi lolo. Inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia i ka manawa kūpono, hiki ke make.
Ma keʻano laulā, kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ʻekolu mau ʻano nui o ka botulism:
1. ʻO ka botulism i lawe ʻia mai ka meaʻai: ʻO kēia ke ʻano maʻamau. Hiki mai kēia ʻano ke ʻai ʻoe i ka meaʻai i haumia ʻia me ka bacteria 'Clostridium botulinum'. Kiʻekiʻe loa kēia pilikia me nā meaʻai i loko o ka hale i hoʻomoʻa pono ʻole ʻia.
2. ʻO ka botulism ʻeha: Hana ʻia kēia ʻano ke komo kēia bacteria i kahi ʻeha ma kou kino a hoʻomaka e hana i nā mea ʻawahia i loko o ka ʻeha.
3. Botulism pēpē: He ʻano botulism kēia e hoʻopilikia ai i nā pēpē ma lalo o hoʻokahi makahiki. Inā ʻai kahi pēpē i kahi mea i loaʻa nā spores o kēia bacteria, e like me ka meli, hiki i nā spores ke ulu i bacteria i loko o nā ʻōpū o ka pēpē a hana i kahi toxin.
Ma waho aʻe o kēia, aia kekahi mau ʻano ʻē aʻe, akā he kakaikahi loa lākou.
He aha nā hōʻailona o kēia maʻi weliweli?
Hiki ke ʻokoʻa iki nā hōʻailona o ka botulism ma muli o ke komo ʻana o ka mea ʻawahia i loko o ke kino. Eia nō naʻe, ma ke ʻano laulā, he mau hōʻailona kēia e pili ana i ka ʻōnaehana nerve, no laila pono ʻoe e makaʻala iā lākou.
Nā hōʻailona o ka botulism i lawe ʻia e ka meaʻai
Hiki ke hoʻomaka nā hōʻailona i kekahi mau hola ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai haumia, a i kekahi manawa a hiki i ʻelua pule.
ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ka laha ʻana o kēia mau hōʻailona mai luna a lalo o ke kino. A hoʻopilikia like lākou i nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ke kino. Akā, ʻaʻohe he mae wale, he nāwaliwali wale nō nā ʻiʻo.
E hoʻomaopopo pono kākou i kēia mau hōʻailona mai ka papa ma lalo nei.
| Hōʻailona | He wehewehe maʻalahi |
|---|---|
| Nā hōʻailona mua o ke kahua | Nā mea e like me ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, ka nausea a i ʻole ka luaʻi ʻana, a me ka pehu ʻana. |
| ʻIke pōwehiwehi/ʻike pālua | ʻO ka nāwaliwali o nā ʻiʻo o ka maka ke kumu e ʻike ai ka maka i ʻelua mau mea me he mea like lā. |
| Ka lihilihi ʻana o ka maka (Ptosis) | Ua nāwaliwali nā ʻiʻo e kaohi ana i nā lihilihi maka, a ke hoʻāʻo nei nā maka e pani, me he mea lā ua hiamoe. |
| Paʻakikī i ka ʻōlelo ʻana (Dysarthria) | Ma muli o ka nāwaliwali o nā ʻiʻo o ke alelo a me ka waha, ua paheʻe nā huaʻōlelo a ua hiki ʻole ke ʻōlelo pono. |
| Ka paʻakikī i ka moni ʻana (Dysphagia) | ʻO ka nāwaliwali o nā ʻiʻo o ka ʻāʻī e paʻakikī ai ke ale i kahi liʻiliʻi o ka lawai. |
| Ka nāwaliwali o nā ʻiʻo maka | ʻAʻole hiki i ka helehelena ke hōʻike i kekahi manaʻo, ua like nō ia. |
| Ke ʻoi aku ka ʻino o ka maʻi | |
| Ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana (Dyspnea) | ʻO kēia ka hōʻailona weliweli loa. Ua nalowale ka hana o nā ʻiʻo ma ka umauma a me ka ʻōpū e kōkua iā ʻoe e hanu. |
| Ka paʻa ʻana o ka ʻōpū | Pau ka hana o ka ʻōpū a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia ke ʻōpala. |
| Ka nāwaliwali koʻikoʻi ma nā lālā | Lilo nā ʻiʻo o nā lima a me nā wāwae i nāwaliwali, e hiki ʻole ai ke hele a hāpai paha i kahi lima. |
Nā ʻokoʻa i ka botulism i lawe ʻia e ka ʻeha
Hoʻokomo pū kēia i nā hōʻailona neurological i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, akā aia kekahi mau ʻokoʻa iki.
- I ka wā mua, ʻaʻohe ʻeha o ka ʻōpū no ka mea ua hana ʻia ka mea make i loko o ka ʻeha, ʻaʻole i loko o ke ala ʻai.
- Hiki ke kuni. Hiki ke kuni ma muli o ka maʻi i loko o ka ʻeha.
- Lōʻihi ka manawa e ʻike ʻia ai nā hōʻailona, ʻo ka maʻamau hoʻokahi a ʻekolu pule.
He mea nui loa: He maʻi laha ʻole ka botulism. Akā inā loaʻa iā ʻoe a i ʻole kahi keiki āu e mālama nei i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau hōʻailona, e mālama iā ia ma ke ʻano he pilikia olakino. E hele koke i ka lumi pilikia haukapila kokoke loa (ETU) . Mai hoʻokaʻulua.
Pehea e komo ai kēia bacteria i loko o ko kākou kino?
Loaʻa nā spores o ka bacteria Clostridium botulinum ma ka lepo a puni ka honua. He kūpaʻa loa kēia mau spores. Akā i ka wā e loaʻa ai iā lākou kahi kaiapuni maikaʻi, lākou:
- He wahi me ka liʻiliʻi a ʻaʻohe oxygen paha (e like me loko o kahi kini a ʻōmole paha)
- He wahi me ka acidity haʻahaʻa
- He wahi me ka liʻiliʻi o ke kō a me ka paʻakai
- Inā ua mālama ʻia ma mua o ka mahana i kuhikuhi ʻia
...Huli hou kēia mau spores i bacteria, ulu, a hoʻomaka e hana i kēlā mea ʻawahia weliweli.
Meaʻai: Aia kēia pilikia inā ʻaʻole i hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono ʻia nā pickles, jams, a me nā mea ʻono i hana ʻia ma ka home a hoʻomoʻa ʻia i ke kaomi ma ka mahana kūpono. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia i kekahi manawa me nā meaʻai i kūʻai ʻia ma ka hale kūʻai. Inā ʻike ʻia ka pahu ua pehu a pehu paha, he hōʻailona paha ia o ka hana bacteria.
Nā ʻeha: Hiki i kekahi ʻeha ke hoʻokomo i kēia mau spores bacteria, i loaʻa i ka lepo. Kiʻekiʻe loa kēia pilikia i waena o ka poʻe e hoʻokomo i nā lāʻau lapaʻau. Hiki nō hoʻi ke hana ʻia ma o nā ʻeha mai nā ulia koʻikoʻi, e like me nā ʻeha pū.
Nā Pēpē: ʻOiai ʻaʻole i hoʻomohala piha ʻia ka ʻōnaehana pale ma loko o nā ʻōpū o nā pēpē ma lalo o hoʻokahi makahiki, inā komo nā spores i loko o kahi mea e like me ka meli i ke kino, e hoʻomaka lākou e hana i nā mea ʻawahia i loko o nā ʻōpū. ʻO ia ke kumu i ʻōlelo ʻia ai ʻaʻole pono e hāʻawi ʻia ka meli i nā pēpē ma lalo o hoʻokahi makahiki.
Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai a mālama ʻia ai ka maʻi?
Ke hele ʻoe i ka haukapila, e hoʻolohe pono ke kauka i kāu mau hōʻailona. E nīnau ʻo ia iā ʻoe e pili ana i kāu mea i ʻai ai i kēia manawa, e like me ka mea ua ʻai ʻoe i kekahi mea i loko o ka pahu. A laila e nānā ʻo ia i kou kino a hana i kahi hoʻokolohua neurological.
He mea nui nā hoʻokolohua hale hana e hōʻoia i ka maʻi. E hoʻāʻo ʻia kou ʻōpala, koko, a luaʻi paha e ʻike inā he lāʻau make.
Hiki i kāu kauka ke kauoha i nā hoʻokolohua e like me ka CT scan a i ʻole MRI scan e hoʻopau i nā kūlana ʻē aʻe i loaʻa nā hōʻailona like me ka botulism, e like me ka stroke, meningitis, a me Guillain-Barré syndrome.
Nā ʻano lapaʻau
ʻO ka pahuhopu nui o ka mālama ʻana i ka botulism ʻo ia ka hoʻopau koke ʻana i ka toxin i loko o ke kino a hoʻōki i kona hopena e hoʻoweliweli ana i ke ola.
- ʻO ka antitoxin botulinum: ʻO kēia ka lāʻau lapaʻau nui. Ua like ia me ka lāʻau pale i ka lāʻau make. Hopu a hoʻopau ia i ka lāʻau make i loaʻa ʻole i loko o ke kino.
- Kākoʻo hanu: Inā hāʻule nā ʻiʻo hanu, ʻaʻole hiki i ka mea maʻi ke hanu iā lākou iho. I kēlā manawa, ua hoʻopili ʻia lākou i kahi mīkini hanu (ventilator) e hoʻopakele i ko lākou ola.
- Ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻeha: Inā loaʻa ke ʻano i kahi ʻeha, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono ʻia ka ʻeha ma ke ʻoki ʻana, a e hāʻawi ʻia nā antibiotics e pepehi i nā bacteria i koe, ʻoiai e lawelawe ʻia nā antivenoms.
- Lapaʻau kūikawā no nā pēpē: Hāʻawi ʻia kahi lāʻau kūikawā i kapa ʻia ʻo botulinum immune globulin (pēpē BIG) i nā pēpē liʻiliʻi.
Hiki i ka ho'ōla ʻana ke hala i kekahi mau mahina, a i loko o kēia manawa, pono ʻoe e noho ma lalo o ka nānā ʻana a nā kauka loea a me nā limahana kahu maʻi ma ke keʻena mālama koʻikoʻi o ka haukapila.
ʻAʻole anei hiki iā kākou ke pale iā kākou iho mai kēia?
ʻOiaʻiʻo hiki nō! He maʻi hiki ke pale ʻia ka botulism. Pono mākou e makaʻala loa, ʻoiai hoʻi i ka wā e pili ana i ka meaʻai.
| Ke ʻano pale ʻana | He aha e hana ai |
|---|---|
| Palekana meaʻai | |
| Ka mālama ʻana i ka meaʻai | E hoʻokomo i ka meaʻai i moʻa ʻia i loko o ʻelua hola. ʻO ka waiho ʻana i waho e hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka ulu ʻana o nā spores bacteria. |
| Kuke maikaʻi | Hiki ke pepehi ʻia nā bacteria ma ka hoʻomehana ʻana i nā mahana ma luna o 100 degere Celsius (100°C) no 10 mau minuke. |
| Meaʻai i loko o ka pahu | E hoʻolei aku i nā kini i pehu a pehu paha i loko. Inā pilau lākou i kou wehe ʻana, mai ʻai iā lākou. |
| Ka mālama ʻana i ka meaʻai ma ka home | Inā ʻoe e hoʻokomo ana i ka meaʻai i loko o ka pahu a i ʻole ka ʻōmole ma ka home, e hahai i nā ʻano hana sterilization kūpono. Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ipu kuke kaomi, ʻo ka mahu ʻana ma 121 degere Celsius (250°F) no 30 mau minuke he mea kūpono ia. |
| Ka palekana mai nā ʻeha | |
| Mālama ʻeha | E holoi pono i kekahi ʻeha me ke kopa a mālama i ka maʻemaʻe. Inā ʻaʻole e ola kahi ʻeha i loko o kekahi mau lā a hoʻomaka e pala, e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau. |
| ʻĒ aʻe | E pale i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻae ʻole. Inā ʻoe e loaʻa ana i nā inikini toxin Botulinum no nā kumu hoʻonani, e hana wale ʻia e ke kauka laikini a mākaukau. |
ʻOiai he mea e makaʻu ai ka botulism, hiki iā kākou ke palekana loa ma ka ʻike ʻana iā ia a me ka makaʻala. He mea nui loa ia e makaʻala i ka wā e kuke ai a mālama ai i ka meaʻai. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi kānalua iki e pili ana i kēia, mai hoʻokaʻulua i ka ʻike ʻana i ke kauka. No ka mea, hiki i ka mālama mua ʻana ke hoʻopakele i ke ola.
Leka Lawe-Home
- He maʻi koʻikoʻi ka Botulism e hoʻopilikia ana i ka ʻōnaehana nerve i hoʻoulu ʻia e kahi mea ʻawahia i hana ʻia e ka bacteria Clostridium botulinum.
- ʻO nā hōʻailona nui ka ʻike pālua, ka paʻakikī i ka ʻōlelo ʻana a me ke ale ʻana, nā lihilihi maka e kulou ana, a me ka paʻakikī i ka hanu ʻana.
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau hōʻailona, he pilikia olakino ia. E hele koke i ka ʻOihana Pilikia o ka haukapila (ETU).
- E pale i ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai i hana ʻia ma ka home, nā kini puʻupuʻu, a me nā meaʻai i loaʻa kahi ʻala ʻino. He mea nui loa ka kuke pono ʻana i ka meaʻai.
- Mai hāʻawi i ka meli i nā pēpē ma lalo o hoʻokahi makahiki no kekahi kumu.
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