Ua lawe anei ʻoe i kahi hōʻike hoʻāʻo koko, nānā i ka puʻu o nā leka a me nā helu ma luna, a noʻonoʻo, 'He aha kēia?' Me ka Sodium a me ka Potassium, aia kahi mea nui ma waena a mākou e kamaʻilio nui ʻole ai, ʻo ia ka Chloride. He mea nui ia no ka hana olakino o ko mākou kino. No laila i kēia lā, e kamaʻilio kākou ma ke ʻano maʻalahi a aloha hoʻi e pili ana i ke kumu he mea nui kēia chloride i ko mākou kino, nā mea a kēia hoʻāʻo e ʻike ai, a pehea e wehewehe ai i nā hopena ke hoʻi mai lākou.
He aha maoli ka chloride?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he electrolyte ka chloride i loko o ko kākou kino. E noʻonoʻo i ko kākou kino e like me nā mīkini paʻakikī i hoʻohana ʻia e nā pila. Pono kēia mau mīkini i ka uila e hana pono ai. Pēlā nō, he mau ʻāpana mineral liʻiliʻi nā electrolytes, i hoʻopiʻi ʻia i ka uila e kōkua i kā mākou ʻōnaehana nerve e hoʻouna i nā leka, hana pono nā ʻiʻo, a mālama i ke kaulike wai a me ka acid-base o ke kino (a i ʻole ke kaulike pH).
ʻO nā electrolytes nui i loko o ko mākou koko:
- Kolorida
- Sodium
- Potasiuma
- Pāpaʻakai
Hana pū kēia mau mea a pau ma ke ʻano he hui e mālama i ke olakino o ko kākou kino. Inā nāwaliwali loa kekahi a nāwaliwali loa paha, hiki i ka ʻōnaehana holoʻokoʻa ke lilo i mea kaulike ʻole.
No ke aha e ʻōlelo ai ke kauka i kēia hoʻāʻo chloride?
He mea kākaʻikahi ke kauoha ʻana o ke kauka i kahi hoʻāʻo "chloride-only". ʻO kēia no ka mea ua ana ʻia nā pae chloride me nā electrolytes ʻē aʻe. ʻO ia hoʻi, hana pinepine ʻia ia ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o kahi panel o nā hoʻāʻo koko ʻē aʻe. Kōkua kēia i kāu kauka e loaʻa kahi kiʻi ākea o kou olakino.
Eia kekahi laʻana, nānā ʻia nā pae chloride e ʻike a nānā paha i nā kūlana e like me:
- Maʻi puʻupaʻa
- Ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻuwai
- Maʻi akepaʻa
- Ke koko kiʻekiʻe
I ka manawa pinepine, hele mai kahi hoʻāʻo chloride me kahi hoʻāʻo koko maʻamau e like me kēia:
| Inoa Panel | I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha kāu e nānā nei? |
|---|---|
| Papa Hana Metabolic Holoʻokoʻa (CMP) | He hoʻokolohua piha e nānā ana i nā mea he nui i ka manawa hoʻokahi, e like me ka hana o ke akepaʻa a me nā puʻupaʻa, nā electrolytes, a me nā pae kō. |
| Papa Hana Metabolic Kumu (BMP) | He hoʻokolohua e nānā ai i nā mea maʻamau e like me ka hana o nā puʻupaʻa, nā pae kō, a me nā electrolytes. |
| Panel Electrolyte | He hoʻokolohua kūikawā e nānā wale ana i nā pae electrolyte e like me ka chloride, sodium, a me ka potassium. |
| Papa Hana Renal (RFP) | He pūʻolo hoʻāʻo e kālele pono ana i ka hana o nā puʻupaʻa. |
He aha nā hōʻailona e pono iaʻu no kēia hoʻokolohua?
Ma waho aʻe o ka nānā maʻamau, hiki i kāu kauka ke kauoha i kēia hoʻāʻo inā manaʻo lākou he pilikia kou me ke kaulike wai o kou kino a i ʻole ke kaulike waikawa-base. I kēlā mau manawa, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā hōʻailona e like me:
- Inā hoʻomau ka luaʻi
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi pākī (ka luaʻi ʻana)
- Inā manaʻo ʻoe i ka luhi hiki ʻole ke noʻonoʻo ʻia (luhi)
- Inā manaʻo ʻoe ua make a nāwaliwali paha
- ka maloʻo ʻana, ʻo ia hoʻi ke manaʻo nei ua nele ʻoe i ka wai i loko o kou kino
- Inā pilikia ʻoe i ka hanu ʻana
Pehea ʻoe e hoʻomākaukau ai no kēia hoʻāʻo koko?
ʻO ka nūhou maikaʻi loa, ʻaʻohe pono o ka hoʻomākaukau kūikawā no kahi hoʻokolohua e nānā wale ana i nā pae chloride a i ʻole kahi panel electrolyte.
Eia nō naʻe, e like me kā mākou i kūkākūkā ai ma mua, inā e hana ʻia kēia hoʻāʻo ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o kahi pūʻolo e like me CMP a i ʻole BMP, e noi ʻia paha ʻoe e hoʻokē ʻai (ʻo ia hoʻi, e hōʻole i ka ʻai ʻana a i ʻole ka inu ʻana) no kekahi mau hola ma mua o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke koko. Mai hana i kekahi kuhi e pili ana i kēia. E haʻi pololei kāu kauka iā ʻoe i ka nui o nā hola e pono ai ʻoe e hoʻokē ʻai ma mua o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke koko, a inā hiki iā ʻoe ke inu i ka wai. He mea nui loa ka hahai ʻana i kēlā mau kuhikuhi e loaʻa ai nā hopena pololei.
He aha ka mea e hana ʻia ke loaʻa iā ʻoe ke koko? (Ua ʻike paha ʻoe i kēia!)
He hana maʻalahi loa kēia, e like me ke lawe ʻana i ke koko.
1. E ʻimi kahi phlebotomist ma ka lab i kahi aa koko kūpono ma loko o kou kuʻekuʻe lima e huki i ke koko.
2. Ke loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi wahi, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono iā ia a kau i ka lāʻau disinfectant.
3. A laila, hoʻokomo ʻia kahi nila liʻiliʻi i loko o kēlā aa koko a lawe ʻia kahi hāpana koko. I kēia manawaE manaʻo paha ʻoe i kahi ʻeha iki, e like me ke nahu ʻia ʻana e kahi ʻanuʻu .
4. Ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ka nui o ke koko e pono ai no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i loko o kahi ʻōmole hoʻāʻo, wehe ʻia ke kui a kau ʻia kahi ʻāpana pulupulu a gauze paha a kaomi ʻia e hoʻōki i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko.
5. ʻO ka hope loa, ua hoʻopili ʻia kahi ʻāpana palaki liʻiliʻi ma ka wahi a ua pau ka hana. He mau minuke wale nō ka lōʻihi o ke kaʻina hana holoʻokoʻa.
Pehea ʻoe e maopopo ai i ka hōʻike?
E loaʻa iā ʻoe kāu hōʻike i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha lā. ʻO ka maʻamau, aia ka ʻike i loko o ka hōʻike e like me kēia:
- Inoa hoʻāʻo: e.g. "Serum Chloride"
- ʻO kāu hopena: hōʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he helu.
- Pae Maʻamau: Hōʻike i nā waiwai maʻamau no ke kanaka olakino.
- He maʻamau ka hopena a ʻaʻole paha: Hōʻike ʻia kāu waiwai ma ke ʻano he Maʻamau, Kiʻekiʻe, a Haʻahaʻa paha.
ʻO ka pae chloride maʻamau no kahi kanaka makua ma waena o 96 a me 106 milliequivalents no ka lita (mEq/L) .
Akā e hoʻomanaʻo i hoʻokahi mea, hiki ke ʻokoʻa iki kēia 'Normal Range' mai kekahi lab a i kekahi. ʻO ia ke kumu e haʻi pū ai kāu hōʻike i kā lākou mau waiwai maʻamau. Mai lele i nā hopena ma muli o nā helu i loko o ka hōʻike. E waiho i kāu kauka e wehewehe i ke ʻano pololei.
Inā haʻahaʻa a kiʻekiʻe paha ka pae chloride, he aha ke ʻano?
He mea maʻamau ke makaʻu iki i ka wā e ʻike ai ʻoe i kahi hopena maʻamau ʻole. Akā, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o nā pae chloride haʻahaʻa a kiʻekiʻe paha, ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo he maʻi koʻikoʻi kou. E nānā kākou i kēlā.
Nā pae chloride haʻahaʻa (Hypochloremia)
Inā ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o kāu hopena ma mua o ka maʻamau, he hōʻailona paha ia o kahi kūlana e like me kēia:
- Ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻuwai
- Nā maʻi māmā, no ka laʻana, emphysema
- ʻO ka maʻi o Addison
- ʻO ka alkalosis metabolic - ʻO ke ʻano kēia o ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka alkalinity o ke koko.
Hoʻonui ʻia nā pae chloride (Hyperchloremia)
Inā kiʻekiʻe aʻe kāu hopena ma mua o ka maʻamau, hiki ke hōʻailona ia o kahi kūlana e like me kēia:
- Dehydration - nele i ka wai i loko o ke kino
- Maʻi puʻupaʻa
- ʻO ka maʻi Cushing
- ʻO ka acidosis metabolic - ʻO ke ʻano kēia o ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka acidity i loko o ke koko.
- ʻO ka alkalosis hanu - kahi kūlana i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hanu wikiwiki.
Akā, ʻo ka mea nui loa kēia!
ʻAʻole pono ka loli ʻana o nā pae chloride e kumu ʻia e kahi maʻi. Hiki ke loaʻa nā kumu maʻalahi ʻē aʻe.
| Nā kumu ʻē aʻe ma waho o ka maʻi | He wehewehe maʻalahi |
|---|---|
| ʻO ka inu ʻana i nā wai nui loa | Inā inu nui ʻoe i ka wai, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā electrolytes i loko o kou koko a e ʻike ʻia paha kou mau pae chloride he haʻahaʻa. |
| Ka luaʻi ʻana a i ʻole ka maʻi pākī | Ke nalowale ka nui o ka wai mai ke kino ma kēia ʻano, hiki ke hoʻopilikia ʻia ke kaulike electrolyte a hiki ke loli nā pae chloride. |
| Kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau | Eia kekahi laʻana, ʻo kekahi o nā antacids āu e lawe ai, e like me nā mea i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i nā ʻōpū ʻōpū, hiki ke hoʻopilikia i nā pae chloride. |
| He hewa i ka lawe ʻana i kahi hāpana koko | ʻOiai he mea kakaikahi loa, hiki i kahi hewa liʻiliʻi i ka wā o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ke koko ke hana i kahi ʻokoʻa i nā hopena. |
Pono ʻoe e makaʻu i kahi hopena ʻē?
ʻAʻole loa. ʻO kāu kauka ke kanaka kūpono loa e lawe i kāu hōʻike, nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe, a me kāu mau hōʻailona a hoʻoholo inā he mea kēia e hopohopo ai. ʻAʻole ʻo ia e nānā wale i kāu hopena chloride. E nānā ʻo ia iā ia me nā electrolytes ʻē aʻe (sodium, potassium) a me kou olakino holoʻokoʻa.
Inā ʻaʻole kūpono ka hopena, e kauoha paha kāu kauka i nā hoʻokolohua hou aʻe e ʻike i ke kumu. A i ʻole e wehewehe paha lākou iā ʻoe ʻaʻole ia he mea nui. No laila, mai kānalua i kāu mau nīnau a nīnau i kāu kauka.
Leka Lawe-Home
- He electrolyte ka Chloride no ka mālama ʻana i nā aʻalolo, nā ʻiʻo, a me ke kaulike wai i loko o ko mākou kino.
- ʻAʻole hana pinepine ʻia kēia hoʻāʻo ma kāna iho, akā ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o kahi pūʻolo o nā hoʻāʻo koko ʻē aʻe.
- ʻOiai ʻaʻole i lawa ka pae o kou chloride ma mua o ka pae maʻamau, ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo he maʻi koʻikoʻi kou.
- Hiki ke loli nā pae chloride ma muli o nā kumu maʻalahi e like me ka inu ʻana i ka wai nui, ka luaʻi/ka maʻi pākī, a me kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau.
- ʻO ka mea nui loa: Mai lele koke i nā hopena e pili ana i nā hopena o kāu hoʻāʻo koko. E kūkākūkā mau me kāu kauka no ka wehewehe pololei loa.
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