Ua lohe paha ʻoe e pili ana i kahi ʻano injection hou e kōkua ai i ka maʻi diabetes a me ka pohō kaumaha. Ua lohe paha ʻoe i kahi hoaaloha a ʻohana paha e kamaʻilio ana e pili ana i ia mea. No laila, ʻo kēia papa lāʻau hou a ka poʻe e kamaʻilio nei ua kapa ʻia ʻo GLP-1 agonists. E wehewehe kākou i nā mea āpau e pili ana i kēia lā, me he mea lā e kamaʻilio ana kākou me kahi hoaaloha.
He aha kēia mau GLP-1 Agonists?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo nā agonists GLP-1 kahi papa o nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kōkua i ka kaohi ʻana i nā pae kō koko i nā poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes type 2. ʻAʻole wale kēlā, akā hoʻohana ʻia kekahi o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau e mālama i nā poʻe me ka momona.
ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, hele mai kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻano he inikini. ʻO ia hoʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe iho me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi syringe a me ka nila. Pono e hāʻawi ʻia kēia inikini i loko o ka papa momona ma lalo o ka ʻili. ʻO ke kikoʻī, hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi i kēia inikini ma ka ʻōpū, ke kua o nā ʻūhā, ka ʻaoʻao o luna o nā puʻupuʻu, a me ke kua o nā lima.
Ua ʻike ʻia kēia ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau ma kekahi mau inoa ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e ʻike iā lākou āpau, akā inā ʻike ʻoe iā lākou, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo e pili ana lākou a pau i ka mea hoʻokahi.
- Nā agonists peptide-1 e like me Glucagon
- Nā agonists receptor GLP-1
- Nā mimetics incretin
- Nā analog GLP-1
He mea hou kēia ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau. Ua ʻāpono ʻia ka agonist GLP-1 mua (Exenatide) i ka makahiki 2005. No laila, ke noiʻi nei nā kānaka noiʻi i nā hoʻohana a me nā pono ʻē aʻe o kēia lāʻau lapaʻau.
He mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo i hoʻokahi mea. ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ho'ōla piha i ka maʻi diabetes type 2 a i ʻole ka momona me kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau wale nō. No kēia mau kūlana ʻelua, he mea nui e hoʻololi i kou nohona a me nā mea āu e ʻai ai a inu ai, me nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
He aha nā ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau agonist GLP-1 o kēia manawa?
ʻO kēia kekahi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau agonist GLP-1 nui ma ka mākeke i kēia manawa. Ua kuhikuhi paha kāu kauka i kekahi o kēia mau mea nāu.
| Inoa Laulā o ka Lāʻau Lapaʻau | Inoa Lama |
|---|---|
| ʻO Dulaglutide | ʻO Trulicity® |
| ʻO Exenatide | ʻO Byetta® |
| Exenatide (hoʻokuʻu lōʻihi) | ʻO Bydureon® |
| ʻO ka Liraglutide | ʻO Victoza® |
| ʻO Lixisenatide | ʻAlaxin® |
| Semaglutide (ʻomi) | ʻOzempic® |
| Semaglutide (nā papa) | ʻO Rybelsus® |
Ma waho aʻe o kēia, aia kekahi papa lāʻau ʻē aʻe e hana like ana. Ua kapa ʻia lākou he dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonists. Aia kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau o kēia ʻano i kēia manawa. ʻO ia ʻo Tirzepatide (Mounjaro®).
Pehea e hana ai kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o ke kino?
I mea e maopopo ai pehea e hana ai kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, pono mua mākou e ʻike iki e pili ana i kahi hormone i kapa ʻia ʻo GLP-1 i loaʻa maoli i loko o ko mākou kino.
He hormone ka GLP-1 i hana ʻia e kou ʻōpū liʻiliʻi. Ua like ia me kahi ʻelele i loko o ko kākou kino. Hana ia i kekahi mau mea koʻikoʻi:
1. Hoʻoulu i ka hana ʻana o ka insulin e ka pancreas: He hormone koʻikoʻi ka insulin e kōkua i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka meaʻai a mākou e ʻai ai i ikehu. Hana ia i kēia ma ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka nui o ke kō (glucose) i loko o ke koko. Inā ʻaʻole lawa ka insulin, piʻi ka pae kō koko a ulu ka maʻi diabetes. No laila, hāʻawi ka hormone GLP-1 i ka pancreas i kahi "hōʻailona", me ka ʻōlelo ʻana, "ʻAe, e hana i ka insulin i kēia manawa."
2. Hoʻōki i ka hana ʻana o ka hormone Glucagon: ʻO Glucagon kahi hormone e hana kūʻē i ka insulin. ʻO ia hoʻi, *hoʻonui* ia i nā pae kō koko ke pono. No laila, ma ka hoʻōki ʻana i ka hana ʻana o ka glucagon, pale ka hormone GLP-1 i ka hoʻohui ʻana o ke kō keu i ke koko.
3. Hoʻolohi i ka hoʻokahe ʻana o ka ʻōpū: I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, hoʻonui ia i ka manawa e noho ai ka meaʻai āu e ʻai ai i loko o kou ʻōpū. ʻAe kēia i ke kō mai ka meaʻai e komo mālie i kou kahe koko. Kōkua kēia i ka kaohi ʻana i ka piʻi koke ʻana o nā pae kō koko.
4.Hoʻonui i ka manaʻo o ka piha ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana: Hoʻopilikia pū ka hormone GLP-1 i nā ʻāpana o ko kākou lolo e kāohi ana i ka pōloli a me ka piha. No laila, ua piha mākou ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana i kahi liʻiliʻi, a emi iho ko mākou makemake.
I kēia manawa, ua maopopo iā ʻoe pehea e hana ai ka hormone GLP-1 maoli? ʻAe, i kēia manawa e nānā kākou i ka mea e hana ʻia me ka lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO ka hana a ka lāʻau agonist GLP-1, ʻo ia ke ʻano o ka hormone maoli. ʻO ia hoʻi, "hoʻohālike" ia i kēlā hormone. Ke komo ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ke kino, hoʻopaʻa ia i nā mea loaʻa no ka hormone GLP-1 a hana like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua. I ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, piʻi pū kēia hopena.
Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi diabetes type 2, kaohi kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i nā pae kō koko ma ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hana ʻana o ka insulin a me ka kaohi ʻana i ka hoʻokahe ʻana o ka ʻōpū.
No ka mea, hoʻonui ia i ka manaʻo o ka māʻona, emi iho ka nui o ka meaʻai i ʻai ʻia, a emi iho ka makemake e ʻai. Ke hui pū ʻia kēia mau mea a pau, ʻo ka hopena ka pohō kaumaha.
ʻO wai ka mea e pono ke hoʻohana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau?
ʻO ka mea nui, kuhikuhi nā kauka i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau no ʻelua mau kūlana: ka maʻi diabetes type 2 a me ka momona.
ʻAno 2 Diabetes
Ua ʻae ʻia nā agonists GLP-1 no ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes no ka mea he kūpono loa lākou i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i nā pae kō koko.
Aia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe no ka maʻi diabetes. ʻO Metformin ka mea maʻamau ke koho mua. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i kahi agonist GLP-1 i nā hihia aʻe:
- Inā ʻaʻole i kāohi maikaʻi ʻia ka maʻi diabetes me ka metformin wale nō.
- Inā he maʻi kou e pale aku ai iā ʻoe mai ka lawe ʻana i ka metformin.
- Inā ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o kāu waiwai A1C ma mua o ka pae i manaʻo ʻia.
- Inā ʻaʻole i kaohi ʻia kāu A1C ma hope o ʻekolu mahina o ka mālama ʻana a loaʻa iā ʻoe nā maʻi olakino ʻē aʻe e like me ka atherosclerosis , ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻuwai , a i ʻole ka maʻi puʻupaʻa mau .
Momona
Ua ʻae ʻia kekahi mau agonists GLP-1, e like me Semaglutide a me Liraglutide kiʻekiʻe, no ka mālama ʻana i ka momona, no ka mea, he hiki iā lākou ke hōʻemi nui i ke kaumaha o ke kino. ʻO ka momona kahi maʻi mau loa kahi i 30 a ʻoi aku paha kou helu helu kino (BMI).
Eia kekahi, hiki i ke kauka ke kuhikuhi i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i kahi kanaka nona ka BMI ma waena o 25 a me 29.9 (ke kaumaha nui) a he mau maʻi ʻē aʻe e hiki ke kaohi ʻia e ka hoʻemi ʻana i ke kaumaha.
He maʻi paʻakikī ka momona. ʻAʻole lawa ka lāʻau lapaʻau wale nō. Hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia nā hopena holomua ke hui pū ʻia nā mea he nui, e like me ka ʻai maikaʻi, ka hoʻoikaika kino, a me nā hoʻololi ʻana i ke ʻano .
Pehea a pehea ka pinepine e hoʻohana ai i ka lāʻau lapaʻau
E haʻi maopopo aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe i ka manawa a me ka pinepine e lawe ai i kēia lāʻau. He mea nui loa ia e hahai pololei i kēlā mau kuhikuhi. Ua hōʻike ʻia ka helu maʻamau o nā manawa e hoʻohana ai i kēia inikini ma ka papa ma lalo nei.
| Inoa o ka lāʻau lapaʻau | Ka pinepine o ka hoʻohana ʻana |
|---|---|
| ʻO Dulaglutide | Hoʻokahi manawa i ka pule |
| ʻO Exenatide | ʻElua manawa i ka lā |
| Exenatide (hoʻokuʻu lōʻihi) | Hoʻokahi manawa i ka pule |
| ʻO ka Liraglutide | Hoʻokahi manawa i ka lā |
| ʻO Lixisenatide | Hoʻokahi manawa i ka lā |
| ʻO Semaglutide | Hoʻokahi manawa i ka pule |
| ʻO Tirzepatide | Hoʻokahi manawa i ka pule |
Loaʻa pū ʻo Semaglutide i ke ʻano papa. He lāʻau lapaʻau ia e pono e lawe ʻia i kēlā me kēia lā.
He aha nā pono hou aʻe o kēia lāʻau lapaʻau?
Ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ke kō koko a me ka pohō kaumaha, ua ʻike ʻia e ka noiʻi he nui nā pono ʻē aʻe o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau.
- Hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke koko.
- Ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā maʻi lipid e like me ka cholesterol i loko o ke koko.
- Ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka maʻi momona o ke ake.
- Ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka pilikia o ka maʻi puʻuwai a me nā maʻi puʻupaʻa.
- Ke kaohi nei i ka nui o ka nephropathy diabetic (ka hōʻino ʻia o nā puʻupaʻa i hana ʻia e ka maʻi diabetes).
E aʻo pū kākou e pili ana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao.
E like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau, hiki i nā agonists GLP-1 ke hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻike ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i kēia mau mea, a inā loaʻa, nalowale lākou ma hope o kekahi mau lā.
| Nā ʻano hopena ʻaoʻao | |
|---|---|
| Nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau | |
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine ʻia kēia i ka wā e hoʻomaka mua ai ʻoe e lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a i ka wā e hoʻonui ʻia ai ka nui. | |
| Nā hopena ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe | |
| |
| Nā hopena ʻaoʻao kakaikahi akā koʻikoʻi | |
|
Nā Pōʻino a me nā Pilikia
He lāʻau lapaʻau palekana nā agonists GLP-1, akā aia kekahi mau pilikia e makaʻala ai.
Nā hopena maʻi ʻaleka
Loaʻa paha i kekahi poʻe kahi maʻi ʻaleka i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka ʻāʻī mau a i ʻole ka ʻulaʻula ma kahi i inikini ʻia, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka. He mea kākaʻikahi loa, hiki ke loaʻa kahi maʻi ʻaleka koʻikoʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo anaphylaxis . Inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona, e kāhea i kahi kaʻa kaʻa a i ʻole e hele i ka lumi pilikia kokoke loa (ETU).
- Paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana
- Nā hives
- Paʻakikī ke ale ʻana
- He ʻulaʻula
- ʻEha ʻōpū
- Paʻa ka umauma
E hoʻohana i ka wā hāpai
ʻAʻole ʻōlelo ʻia nā agonists GLP-1 no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wā hāpai. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina holoholona e hiki i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ke hōʻeha i ka ʻōpū e ulu ana. Pono ʻoe e hoʻohana i ka kaohi hānau kūpono e pale aku i ka hāpai ʻana i ka wā e lawe ana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau. Inā hāpai ʻoe i ka wā e lawe ana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, e kelepona koke aku i kāu kauka.
Nā pae kō koko haʻahaʻa (Hypoglycemia)
Haʻahaʻa ka pilikia o ke kō koko haʻahaʻa (hypoglycemia) ke lawe wale ʻoe i kēia lāʻau. Eia nō naʻe, inā lawe ʻoe i nā lāʻau maʻi diabetes ʻē aʻe, e like me ka insulin a i ʻole sulfonylureas, me kēia lāʻau, e piʻi nui kēia pilikia.
ʻO ka hypoglycemia kahi kūlana kahi e hāʻule ai nā pae kō koko ma lalo o 70 mg/dL. Inā ʻaʻole e mālama koke ʻia, hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola.
Nā ʻano:
- Nā haʻalulu kino
- Ke hou nei a me ke anu nei
- Pōʻino a me nā maka polū
- Kino make ʻole
- Nā palpitations o ka puʻuwai
- Pololi loa ka manaʻo
- Paʻakikī i ka noʻonoʻo ʻana
- ʻIli keʻokeʻo
- Ka luaʻi
Inā ʻike ʻoe i kēia mau hōʻailona, pono ʻoe e ʻai koke i kahi mea i loaʻa ke kō a i ʻole nā kalapona. Eia kekahi laʻana, ka hapalua o ka maiʻa a i ʻole ka hapalua kīʻaha wai ʻāpala.
Āhea wau e kamaʻilio ai me ke kauka?
Inā ʻoe e hoʻohana ana i kahi agonist GLP-1, pono ʻoe e ʻike pinepine i kāu kauka e ʻike i kona maikaʻi. Eia kekahi, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i kēia mau mea:
- Inā hoʻopilikia nā hopena ʻaoʻao iā ʻoe.
- Inā manaʻo ʻoe ʻaʻole kōkua ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kou kūlana.
- Inā manaʻo ʻoe e hoʻōki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
- Inā hāpai ʻoe a i ʻole e hoʻolālā ana e hāpai.
Leka Lawe-Home
- He papa lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi loa nā agonists GLP-1 e kōkua ai i ka kaohi ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes type 2 a me ka momona.
- Hana kēia mau hana ma ka hoʻohālike ʻana i kahi hormone i kapa ʻia ʻo GLP-1 i loaʻa maoli i loko o ko mākou kino.
- Kōkua kēia i ka kaohi ʻana i ke kō koko, hoʻemi i ke kaumaha, a hāʻawi i kekahi palekana no ka puʻuwai a me nā puʻupaʻa.
- He mea nui e hoʻololi i ke ʻano o ka nohona a me ka meaʻai i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻAʻole kēia wale nō he 'kilokilo'.
- E like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau, hiki i kēia ke loaʻa nā hopena ʻaoʻao. He mea nui e makaʻala iā lākou.
- Pono kāu kauka e hoʻoholo inā kūpono kēia lāʻau lapaʻau iā ʻoe. No laila, e hoʻohana mau i kēia mau mea ma ke ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a ke kauka.
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