Skip to main content

E aʻo kākou e pili ana i kēia mea hoʻoheheʻe no COPD (Glycopyrrolate; Formoterol MDI)

E aʻo kākou e pili ana i kēia mea hoʻoheheʻe no COPD (Glycopyrrolate; Formoterol MDI)

Loaʻa iā ʻoe ka COPD, kahi maʻi māmā mau loa? Inā pēlā, ua haʻi aku paha kāu kauka iā ʻoe e hoʻohana i kahi inhaler e kōkua i ka kaohi ʻana i kou mau pilikia hanu. I kēia lā, ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i hoʻokahi inhaler i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia, he hui pū ʻana o ʻelua mau lāʻau i kapa ʻia ʻo Glycopyrrolate a me Formoterol. Ua ʻike paha ʻoe iā ia ma ka inoa inoa ʻo Bevespi.

He aha ka mea e hana maoli me kēia lāʻau lapaʻau?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, hana nā ʻano lāʻau ʻelua i loko o kēia inhaler (ʻo kekahi he anticholinergic a ʻo kekahi he bronchodilator) ma ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā ala ea i loko o kou mau māmā, e hoʻomaha ana i ko lākou mau ʻiʻo, a e maʻalahi ai ka hanu ʻana.

Ua kapa ʻia kēia he inhaler "controller" . ʻO ke ʻano kēia, hoʻohana ʻia i kēlā me kēia lā e kāohi i nā hōʻailona a pale iā lākou mai ka ʻoi aku ka ʻino. ʻO kēia ke kāohi i kou kūlana i ka wā lōʻihi.

He mea nui: ʻAʻole kēia he lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻohana ai no ka hoʻomaka koke ʻana o ka pōkole o ka hanu (COPD flare-up). Ua hāʻawi paha kāu kauka iā ʻoe i kahi inhaler "hoʻopakele" ʻokoʻa no ia pilikia. ʻO kēia ka mea āu e hoʻohana ai.

Nā mea e pono ai ʻoe e haʻi i kāu kauka ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau

Ma mua o ke kuhikuhi ʻana i kēia inhaler i kāu kauka, he mea nui e haʻi iā lākou inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau kūlana, no ka mea, pono lākou i ka akahele hou aku i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i kēia lāʻau.

  • Maʻi puʻuwai: Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi ʻano maʻi puʻuwai, ke koko kiʻekiʻe, a i ʻole ka puʻuwai puʻuwai kūpono ʻole.
  • Maʻi diabetes
  • Glaucoma: He ʻano e piʻi ai ke kaomi i loko o nā maka.
  • Maʻi puʻupaʻa a i ʻole ke akepaʻa
  • Nā pilikia thyroid
  • Nā pilikia prostate a i ʻole ka paʻakikī o ka mimi ʻana.
  • Nā kūlana e like me ke kuʻi ʻana .

Eia kekahi, e hōʻoia e haʻi i kāu kauka inā he mau maʻi allergies kou i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau (Glycopyrrolate, Formoterol), nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe, nā meaʻai, a i ʻole nā ​​mea mālama, a inā ʻoe e hāpai ana, e hoʻāʻo ana e hāpai, a i ʻole e hānai waiū ana .

Pehea e pono ai iaʻu e hoʻohana i ka inhaler?

Pono e hoʻohana ʻia kēia e like me ka ʻōlelo a kāu kauka iā ʻoe. ʻO ka maʻamau, ua kuhikuhi ʻia e lawe ʻia i ʻelua manawa i ka lā, i ka manawa i kuhikuhi ʻia. Mai hoʻohana ʻoi aku ma mua o ka mea a ke kauka i ʻōlelo ai iā ʻoe. E hoʻomau i ka hoʻohana ʻana a hiki i ka wā e ʻōlelo ai kāu kauka iā ʻoe e hoʻōki.

Ua wehewehe pono nā KUHI NO KA HOʻOHANA ʻANA i hele mai me ka inhaler pehea e hoʻohana pono ai. E heluhelu pono a hoʻomaopopo. Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e maopopo, e nīnau i kāu kauka no ka ʻike hou aku. ʻAʻole no nā keiki kēia lāʻau lapaʻau.

He aha inā lawe nui wau i ka lāʻau lapaʻau? (Overdose)

Inā manaʻo ʻoe ua lawe nui ʻoe i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, mai hoʻokaʻulua. E kelepona koke i ke Kikowaena ʻIke Lahui no nā Poisons ma ka Halemai Lahui ʻo Colombo, a i ʻole e hele i ka ʻOihana Pilikia (ETU) o ka haukapila kokoke loa.

He aha inā e hala iaʻu kahi mahele o ka lāʻau lapaʻau?

Inā ʻoe e poina i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau, e lawe koke iā ia i kou hoʻomanaʻo ʻana. Eia nō naʻe, inā kokoke ka manawa no kāu lāʻau lapaʻau aʻe, e kāpae i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i poina a lawe i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau aʻe i ka manawa i hoʻonohonoho ʻia. Mai lawe pālua i ka lāʻau lapaʻau no kekahi kumu.

Nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe e launa pū me kēia lāʻau lapaʻau

Inā ʻoe e lawe ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe i ka wā e hoʻohana ana i kēia inhaler, pono ʻoe e makaʻala. Hiki i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ke launa pū me kēia inhaler a hoʻoulu i nā hopena ʻaoʻao.

Nā Hana like ʻana o nā Lāʻau Lapaʻau
Nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻaʻole pono e lawe pū ʻia me kēia inhaler:

  • Nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me Cisapride, Dofetilide, Dronedarone, Pimozide, Thioridazine, Ziprasidone
  • ʻO nā mea hoʻoheheʻe e loaʻa ana nā bronchodilators lōʻihi ʻē aʻe (long-acting beta-2 agonists - LABAs) e like me Formoterol, Salmeterol, Indacaterol

E hōʻoia e haʻi i kāu kauka inā ʻoe e lawe ana i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau:

  • Kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau no nā maʻi ʻaleka, nā ʻū, a me ke anu (Antihistamine)
  • ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau no ke kaumaha a i ʻole nā ​​​​maʻi noʻonoʻo ʻē aʻe (me nā MAOI)
  • ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau no ke koko a me nā maʻi puʻuwai
  • Nā lāʻau steroid e like me Prednisone a i ʻole Cortisone
  • ʻO ka Theophylline
  • Nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka helu o ka puʻuwai (nā lāʻau e hoʻolōʻihi ana i ka manawa QT)

ʻAʻole i piha kēia papa inoa. No laila, e haʻi i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau, nā huaora, nā lāʻau lapaʻau lāʻau, a me nā mea hoʻohui āu e lawe nei.

Nā mea e makaʻala ai i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i ka lāʻau lapaʻau

  • E nānā pinepine me kāu kauka e ʻike inā e hoʻomaikaʻi a i ʻole e ʻino ana kāu mau hōʻailona.
  • I kekahi manawa, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana no ka manawa pōkole ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia mea hoʻoheheʻe. Inā hana ʻia kēia, e hoʻōki koke i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe a kāhea aku i kāu kauka. E mālama i kāu mea hoʻoheheʻe "hoʻopakele" no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ia mau hihia.
  • Inā pono ʻoe e hoʻohana pinepine i kāu inhaler hoʻopakele, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole i kaohi ʻia kou kūlana. E ʻike koke i kāu kauka.
  • Mai kūʻai i nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ke kuni, ke anu, a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau lapaʻau allergy ma luna o ke kūʻai aku me ka ʻole o ke kūkākūkā ʻana me kāu kauka. Hiki i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ke launa pū me kēia mea hoʻoheheʻe.

He aha nā hopena ʻaoʻao e hiki mai ana?

E like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau, hiki i kēia ke loaʻa kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao. Hiki i kekahi o lākou ke koʻikoʻi, no laila he mea nui e makaʻala iā lākou.

Ka hopena ʻaoʻao Ka wehewehe a me nā mea e hana ai
Nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi e pono ai ke kōkua koke ʻana o ke kauka:
Nā hopena aleri / Angioedema ʻŌhūhū ʻili, maneʻo, pehu o ka maka, nā lehelehe, ke alelo, paʻakikī i ka hanu ʻana a i ʻole ke ale ʻana. E hele koke i ka haukapila.
Nā loli i ka helu o ka puʻuwai Manaʻo e kuʻi wikiwiki ana kou puʻuwai, ʻeha ka umauma, a me ka poniuniu.
Nā pilikia maka ʻEha koke nā maka, ʻike pōwehiwehi, ʻike ʻana i nā apo a puni nā kukui.
Paʻakikī ke mimi Ka paʻakikī a ʻeha paha i ka wā e mimi ai.
Nā hopena ʻaoʻao ʻaʻole i koʻikoʻi pinepine, akā pono e hōʻike i kāu kauka inā hoʻomau lākou:
Nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau Waha maloʻo, ʻeha ka puʻu, kūkū, ʻeha poʻo, paʻa paʻa, haʻalulu o nā lālā, hiamoe ʻole.

Pehea e mālama ai i ka inhaler?

E mālama i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe mai ka hiki ʻana aku o nā keiki a me nā holoholona. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana iā ia ma ka mahana o ka lumi (ma waena o 20-25 Celsius). E mālama iā ia mai ka wela nui, ke anu, a i ʻole ka makū.

Pono e hoʻolei ʻia ka inhaler 3 mau mahina ma hope o ka wehe ʻia ʻana mai loko mai o kāna ʻeke foil, ke hiki aku kāna helu lāʻau i ka "0", a i ʻole i ka hala ʻana o ka lā palena pau.

Leka Lawe-Home

  • He mea hoʻoheheʻe "mea hoʻomalu" kēia āu e hoʻohana ai i kēlā me kēia lā e kāohi i kāu COPD. ʻAʻole ia i manaʻo ʻia e hoʻohana ʻia i kahi pilikia.
  • E mālama mau i kāu mea hoʻoheheʻe "hoʻopakele" ma kahi kokoke.
  • E haʻi i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā kūlana olakino āpau āu e loaʻa nei a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau āu e lawe ai.
  • E like me ka ʻōlelo a ke kauka, e hoʻohana i ka inhaler i ka manawa kūpono a me ka nui kūpono wale nō.
  • Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi (ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana, ka ʻeha o ka umauma, ka maʻi ʻaleka koʻikoʻi), e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau.
  • Inā he mau nīnau hou aku kāu e pili ana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka.

Mea hoʻoheheʻe COPD, Glycopyrrolate, Formoterol, Bevespi, Maʻi hanu, Maʻi māmā, Hoʻohana mea hoʻoheheʻe
⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

💬 Comments (0)

ʻAʻohe manaʻo i kau ʻia. Hoʻohui i kāu manaʻo ma ʻaneʻi no ka manawa mua.

Hoʻohui i kāu manaʻo

E ʻoluʻolu e helu: 3 + 8 =
E aʻo kākou e pili ana i kēia mea hoʻoheheʻe no COPD (Glycopyrrolate; Formoterol MDI)

E aʻo kākou e pili ana i kēia mea hoʻoheheʻe no COPD (Glycopyrrolate; Formoterol MDI)

Loaʻa iā ʻoe ka COPD, kahi maʻi māmā mau loa? Inā pēlā, ua haʻi aku paha kāu kauka iā ʻoe e hoʻohana i kahi inhaler e kōkua i ka kaohi ʻana i kou mau pilikia hanu. I kēia lā, ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i hoʻokahi inhaler i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia, he hui pū ʻana o ʻelua mau lāʻau i kapa ʻia ʻo Glycopyrrolate a me Formoterol. Ua ʻike paha ʻoe iā ia ma ka inoa inoa ʻo Bevespi.

He aha ka mea e hana maoli me kēia lāʻau lapaʻau?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, hana nā ʻano lāʻau ʻelua i loko o kēia inhaler (ʻo kekahi he anticholinergic a ʻo kekahi he bronchodilator) ma ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā ala ea i loko o kou mau māmā, e hoʻomaha ana i ko lākou mau ʻiʻo, a e maʻalahi ai ka hanu ʻana.

Ua kapa ʻia kēia he inhaler "controller" . ʻO ke ʻano kēia, hoʻohana ʻia i kēlā me kēia lā e kāohi i nā hōʻailona a pale iā lākou mai ka ʻoi aku ka ʻino. ʻO kēia ke kāohi i kou kūlana i ka wā lōʻihi.

He mea nui: ʻAʻole kēia he lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻohana ai no ka hoʻomaka koke ʻana o ka pōkole o ka hanu (COPD flare-up). Ua hāʻawi paha kāu kauka iā ʻoe i kahi inhaler "hoʻopakele" ʻokoʻa no ia pilikia. ʻO kēia ka mea āu e hoʻohana ai.

Nā mea e pono ai ʻoe e haʻi i kāu kauka ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau

Ma mua o ke kuhikuhi ʻana i kēia inhaler i kāu kauka, he mea nui e haʻi iā lākou inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau kūlana, no ka mea, pono lākou i ka akahele hou aku i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i kēia lāʻau.

  • Maʻi puʻuwai: Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi ʻano maʻi puʻuwai, ke koko kiʻekiʻe, a i ʻole ka puʻuwai puʻuwai kūpono ʻole.
  • Maʻi diabetes
  • Glaucoma: He ʻano e piʻi ai ke kaomi i loko o nā maka.
  • Maʻi puʻupaʻa a i ʻole ke akepaʻa
  • Nā pilikia thyroid
  • Nā pilikia prostate a i ʻole ka paʻakikī o ka mimi ʻana.
  • Nā kūlana e like me ke kuʻi ʻana .

Eia kekahi, e hōʻoia e haʻi i kāu kauka inā he mau maʻi allergies kou i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau (Glycopyrrolate, Formoterol), nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe, nā meaʻai, a i ʻole nā ​​mea mālama, a inā ʻoe e hāpai ana, e hoʻāʻo ana e hāpai, a i ʻole e hānai waiū ana .

Pehea e pono ai iaʻu e hoʻohana i ka inhaler?

Pono e hoʻohana ʻia kēia e like me ka ʻōlelo a kāu kauka iā ʻoe. ʻO ka maʻamau, ua kuhikuhi ʻia e lawe ʻia i ʻelua manawa i ka lā, i ka manawa i kuhikuhi ʻia. Mai hoʻohana ʻoi aku ma mua o ka mea a ke kauka i ʻōlelo ai iā ʻoe. E hoʻomau i ka hoʻohana ʻana a hiki i ka wā e ʻōlelo ai kāu kauka iā ʻoe e hoʻōki.

Ua wehewehe pono nā KUHI NO KA HOʻOHANA ʻANA i hele mai me ka inhaler pehea e hoʻohana pono ai. E heluhelu pono a hoʻomaopopo. Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e maopopo, e nīnau i kāu kauka no ka ʻike hou aku. ʻAʻole no nā keiki kēia lāʻau lapaʻau.

He aha inā lawe nui wau i ka lāʻau lapaʻau? (Overdose)

Inā manaʻo ʻoe ua lawe nui ʻoe i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, mai hoʻokaʻulua. E kelepona koke i ke Kikowaena ʻIke Lahui no nā Poisons ma ka Halemai Lahui ʻo Colombo, a i ʻole e hele i ka ʻOihana Pilikia (ETU) o ka haukapila kokoke loa.

He aha inā e hala iaʻu kahi mahele o ka lāʻau lapaʻau?

Inā ʻoe e poina i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau, e lawe koke iā ia i kou hoʻomanaʻo ʻana. Eia nō naʻe, inā kokoke ka manawa no kāu lāʻau lapaʻau aʻe, e kāpae i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i poina a lawe i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau aʻe i ka manawa i hoʻonohonoho ʻia. Mai lawe pālua i ka lāʻau lapaʻau no kekahi kumu.

Nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe e launa pū me kēia lāʻau lapaʻau

Inā ʻoe e lawe ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe i ka wā e hoʻohana ana i kēia inhaler, pono ʻoe e makaʻala. Hiki i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ke launa pū me kēia inhaler a hoʻoulu i nā hopena ʻaoʻao.

Nā Hana like ʻana o nā Lāʻau Lapaʻau
Nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻaʻole pono e lawe pū ʻia me kēia inhaler:

  • Nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me Cisapride, Dofetilide, Dronedarone, Pimozide, Thioridazine, Ziprasidone
  • ʻO nā mea hoʻoheheʻe e loaʻa ana nā bronchodilators lōʻihi ʻē aʻe (long-acting beta-2 agonists - LABAs) e like me Formoterol, Salmeterol, Indacaterol

E hōʻoia e haʻi i kāu kauka inā ʻoe e lawe ana i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau:

  • Kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau no nā maʻi ʻaleka, nā ʻū, a me ke anu (Antihistamine)
  • ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau no ke kaumaha a i ʻole nā ​​​​maʻi noʻonoʻo ʻē aʻe (me nā MAOI)
  • ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau no ke koko a me nā maʻi puʻuwai
  • Nā lāʻau steroid e like me Prednisone a i ʻole Cortisone
  • ʻO ka Theophylline
  • Nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka helu o ka puʻuwai (nā lāʻau e hoʻolōʻihi ana i ka manawa QT)

ʻAʻole i piha kēia papa inoa. No laila, e haʻi i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau, nā huaora, nā lāʻau lapaʻau lāʻau, a me nā mea hoʻohui āu e lawe nei.

Nā mea e makaʻala ai i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i ka lāʻau lapaʻau

  • E nānā pinepine me kāu kauka e ʻike inā e hoʻomaikaʻi a i ʻole e ʻino ana kāu mau hōʻailona.
  • I kekahi manawa, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana no ka manawa pōkole ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia mea hoʻoheheʻe. Inā hana ʻia kēia, e hoʻōki koke i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe a kāhea aku i kāu kauka. E mālama i kāu mea hoʻoheheʻe "hoʻopakele" no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ia mau hihia.
  • Inā pono ʻoe e hoʻohana pinepine i kāu inhaler hoʻopakele, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole i kaohi ʻia kou kūlana. E ʻike koke i kāu kauka.
  • Mai kūʻai i nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ke kuni, ke anu, a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau lapaʻau allergy ma luna o ke kūʻai aku me ka ʻole o ke kūkākūkā ʻana me kāu kauka. Hiki i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ke launa pū me kēia mea hoʻoheheʻe.

He aha nā hopena ʻaoʻao e hiki mai ana?

E like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau, hiki i kēia ke loaʻa kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao. Hiki i kekahi o lākou ke koʻikoʻi, no laila he mea nui e makaʻala iā lākou.

Ka hopena ʻaoʻao Ka wehewehe a me nā mea e hana ai
Nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi e pono ai ke kōkua koke ʻana o ke kauka:
Nā hopena aleri / Angioedema ʻŌhūhū ʻili, maneʻo, pehu o ka maka, nā lehelehe, ke alelo, paʻakikī i ka hanu ʻana a i ʻole ke ale ʻana. E hele koke i ka haukapila.
Nā loli i ka helu o ka puʻuwai Manaʻo e kuʻi wikiwiki ana kou puʻuwai, ʻeha ka umauma, a me ka poniuniu.
Nā pilikia maka ʻEha koke nā maka, ʻike pōwehiwehi, ʻike ʻana i nā apo a puni nā kukui.
Paʻakikī ke mimi Ka paʻakikī a ʻeha paha i ka wā e mimi ai.
Nā hopena ʻaoʻao ʻaʻole i koʻikoʻi pinepine, akā pono e hōʻike i kāu kauka inā hoʻomau lākou:
Nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau Waha maloʻo, ʻeha ka puʻu, kūkū, ʻeha poʻo, paʻa paʻa, haʻalulu o nā lālā, hiamoe ʻole.

Pehea e mālama ai i ka inhaler?

E mālama i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe mai ka hiki ʻana aku o nā keiki a me nā holoholona. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana iā ia ma ka mahana o ka lumi (ma waena o 20-25 Celsius). E mālama iā ia mai ka wela nui, ke anu, a i ʻole ka makū.

Pono e hoʻolei ʻia ka inhaler 3 mau mahina ma hope o ka wehe ʻia ʻana mai loko mai o kāna ʻeke foil, ke hiki aku kāna helu lāʻau i ka "0", a i ʻole i ka hala ʻana o ka lā palena pau.

Leka Lawe-Home

  • He mea hoʻoheheʻe "mea hoʻomalu" kēia āu e hoʻohana ai i kēlā me kēia lā e kāohi i kāu COPD. ʻAʻole ia i manaʻo ʻia e hoʻohana ʻia i kahi pilikia.
  • E mālama mau i kāu mea hoʻoheheʻe "hoʻopakele" ma kahi kokoke.
  • E haʻi i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā kūlana olakino āpau āu e loaʻa nei a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau āu e lawe ai.
  • E like me ka ʻōlelo a ke kauka, e hoʻohana i ka inhaler i ka manawa kūpono a me ka nui kūpono wale nō.
  • Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi (ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana, ka ʻeha o ka umauma, ka maʻi ʻaleka koʻikoʻi), e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau.
  • Inā he mau nīnau hou aku kāu e pili ana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka.

Mea hoʻoheheʻe COPD, Glycopyrrolate, Formoterol, Bevespi, Maʻi hanu, Maʻi māmā, Hoʻohana mea hoʻoheheʻe
⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

💬 Comments (0)

ʻAʻohe manaʻo i kau ʻia. Hoʻohui i kāu manaʻo ma ʻaneʻi no ka manawa mua.

Hoʻohui i kāu manaʻo

E ʻoluʻolu e helu: 3 + 8 =