Ua lohe paha ʻoe aia nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou a holomua no nā maʻi koʻikoʻi e like me ke kanesa. I kekahi manawa e ʻōlelo paha ke kauka, "Aia kahi lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā no kēia e hoʻohana ana i kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale ponoʻī." I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau i hana i kahi holomua nui i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Ua kapa ʻia kēia mau mea he monoclonal antibodies. ʻOiai he paʻakikī iki ka inoa, he maʻalahi loa ka moʻolelo. E nānā kākou i ke ʻano o kēia.
He aha kēia mau antibodies monoclonal?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he mau protein kūikawā kēia i hana ʻia i loko o kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua e hana like me nā antibodies a ko mākou kino e hana maoli ai.
E noʻonoʻo i kēia manawa, ua like ko kākou kino me kahi ʻāina. Aia kekahi pūʻali koa e pale aku i kēia ʻāina. ʻO kēlā pūʻali koa ko kākou ʻōnaehana pale kino . ʻO nā huakini a me nā mea hoʻoulu maʻi (kapa mākou i kēia mau antigens ) e hele mai ana mai waho mai e like me nā ʻenemi e hele mai ana i ko kākou ʻāina. ʻO kēia mau antibodies nā koa kūikawā i loko o ko kākou pūʻali koa. ʻO kā lākou hana ka ʻimi, hopu, a luku i kēia mau ʻenemi.
I kekahi manawa, ʻoiai ke ulu nei nā mea e like me nā hunaola kanesa i loko o ko kākou kino ponoʻī, ʻaʻole hiki i ko kākou ʻōnaehana pale ke ʻike iā lākou. ʻO ia ka manawa e ʻimi ai kākou i ke kōkua mai waho.
ʻO nā antibodies monoclonal , i ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, e like me nā koa cloned i hoʻomaʻamaʻa kūikawā ʻia, akamai loa, i hana ʻia i loko o kahi lab. ʻO "Mono" ke ʻano "hoʻokahi." ʻO "Clonal" ke ʻano "kope." ʻO ia hoʻi, ua koho ʻia hoʻokahi antibody akamai loa a hana ʻia nā miliona o nā kope pololei o ia mea i loko o ka lab. A laila hoʻokomo ʻia kēia pūʻali koa o nā antibodies i loko o ko mākou kino ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau. Hele pololei lākou i nā cell e hoʻoulu ai i ka maʻi (e.g., nā cell cancer), hoʻopili iā lākou, a kōkua i kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale ponoʻī e luku iā lākou.
Inā loaʻa i ka inoa o kēia ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau i hāʻawi ʻia iā ʻoe nā leka ʻekolu "mab" ma ka hopena (e.g. Trastuzumab, Rituximab), ʻo ia hoʻi he Monoclonal Antibody ia.
He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka monoclonal a me ka polyclonal?
He mea maʻalahi loa kēia.
- Monoclonal: Ua like kēia me kahi sniper. Hoʻokahi wale nō pahuhopu. Ua hoʻolālā ʻia kēia mau antibodies e hoʻopili i hoʻokahi antigen wale nō. No laila, he kikoʻī loa lākou a ʻaʻole e hala i ka pahuhopu.
- Polyclonal: ʻO ke ʻano o "Poly" he "nui." He hōʻiliʻili kēia o nā antibodies like ʻole. E like me ka pūʻali koa me nā mea kaua like ʻole, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻouka i kekahi mau ʻano antigens .
Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā antibodies Monoclonal no ka mālama ʻana no ka mea ua kuhikuhi pono ʻia lākou.
He aha kēia mau mea e hoʻohana ʻia ai?
Hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano lapaʻau no nā mea he nui. Mai ka noiʻi a hiki i ka ho'ōla ʻana i nā maʻi.
| Kahua hoʻohana | He wehewehe maʻalahi |
|---|---|
| No ka hōʻoia ʻana | Hoʻohana ʻia ia i loko o nā keʻena hoʻokolohua e ʻike ai i kahi mea. No ka laʻana, hana pū ka pahu hoʻāʻo hāpai āu e hoʻohana ai ma ka home me kēia ʻenehana. |
| Ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā ʻiʻo a me ke koko | Hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau mea e nānā inā kūpono nā ʻiʻo o ka mea hāʻawi a me ka mea loaʻa i ka wā o ka hoʻoili ʻana o ke kino. |
| E mālama i nā maʻi | ʻO kēia ka mea nui loa. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau mea no ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi he nui, e like me ke kanesa a me ka rumatika. |
He aha nā maʻi i mālama ʻia me nā antibodies monoclonal?
Ke hoʻohana pono ʻia nei kēia ʻano lapaʻau no kekahi mau maʻi. ʻO kekahi o lākou:
- Kanesa: No nā ʻano kanesa like ʻole e like me ke kanesa o ka umauma, ke kanesa o ka ʻōpū, a me ke kanesa koko.
- No ka pale ʻana i ka hōʻole ʻana o ke kino i hoʻoili ʻia: E kāohi i ke kino mai ka hōʻole ʻana i kahi kino i hoʻoili ʻia (e like me ka puʻupaʻa a i ʻole ke akepaʻa).
- Nā maʻi Autoimmune: No nā maʻi i hoʻouka ai ka ʻōnaehana pale o ke kino i kāna mau huna ponoʻī, e like me ka rheumatoid arthritis a me ka maʻi Crohn.
- Nā Allergies: No ka hānō koʻikoʻi a me nā allergies ʻē aʻe.
- Nā maʻi: Ua hoʻohana ʻia hoʻi lākou e mālama i kekahi mau maʻi viral, e like me COVID-19.
- ʻOsteoporosis
- Nā kūlana maka
- Nā migraines
- Kolesterol kiʻekiʻe
Pehea e hāʻawi ʻia ai ka lāʻau lapaʻau?
Hāʻawi pinepine ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻano he wai saline-like i loko o kahi aʻa (intravenous a i ʻole IV infusion). Hāʻawi pinepine ʻia kēia ma kahi keʻena kūikawā (infusion center) ma kahi haukapila a i ʻole ke keʻena lapaʻau. Hiki i kekahi poʻe ʻē aʻe ke loaʻa ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma laila i ka manawa like me ʻoe e mālama ʻia nei.
Inā ʻo kou manawa mua kēia e loaʻa ai kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, e noi paha kāu kauka iā ʻoe e lawe mai i kahi lālā o ka ʻohana me ʻoe i hiki iā lākou ke aʻo e pili ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā mea e manaʻo ai ma hope. I ka wā o ka lāʻau lapaʻau mua, e nānā pono nā limahana lapaʻau iā ʻoe e ʻike inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hopena alerika koʻikoʻi.
He mea kākaʻikahi loa, hāʻawi ʻia kekahi mau antibodies monoclonal ma ke ʻano he injection subcutaneous. Inā ʻo kēia ka hihia, e aʻo ʻia ʻoe pehea e hāʻawi ai iā ʻoe iho i ka lāʻau pale.
Aia kekahi mau ʻano like ʻole o kēia lāʻau lapaʻau?
ʻAe, hiki i kēia mau koa "cloned" ke hana i nā ʻano hana like ʻole. No laila, aia ʻekolu mau ʻano nui.
| ʻAno | I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi... |
|---|---|
| Nā Antibodies Monoclonal ʻōlohelohe | Hana hoʻokahi kēia mau koa. Hele pololei lākou i ke keʻena ʻenemi a hōʻailona i ka ʻōnaehana pale e luku iā ia. |
| Nā Antibodies Monoclonal i hoʻohui ʻia | ʻAʻole hele wale kēia mau koa. Hāpai lākou i kahi "pōkā." ʻO ia hoʻi, ua hoʻopili ʻia kahi ʻāpana radioactive a i ʻole kahi lāʻau anti-cancer i kēia antibody. Hele pololei ke koa i ka cell ʻenemi a hoʻopā i kēia pōkā. A laila ʻo ka pōʻino wale nō i ka cell ʻenemi. |
| Nā Antibodies Monoclonal Bispecific | ʻO kēia nā koa akamai loa. Me he mea lā he ʻelua o lākou lima. Ke hopu ʻoe i kahi keʻena ʻenemi me kekahi lima, hopu ʻoe i kahi keʻena mai ko mākou ʻōnaehana pale ponoʻī me kekahi lima a ʻōlelo, "Eia ka ʻenemi, e hoʻouka." Hoʻopili pololei lākou. |
He aha nā pōmaikaʻi o kēia ʻano lapaʻau?
- ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia: ʻO kēia ka pōmaikaʻi nui loa. ʻAʻole e like me ka chemotherapy maʻamau, ʻaʻole nui ka hōʻino ʻana o kēia lāʻau i nā cell olakino. Ma muli o ka hoʻouka wale ʻana i ka pahuhopu, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā hopena ʻaoʻao.
- Ka nui o ka holomua: Ua loaʻa i kēia ʻano lapaʻau nā hopena holomua loa no nā maʻi e like me kekahi ʻano maʻi kanesa.
- Ka maikaʻi: No ka mea, hana ʻia ia ma kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua, ua like ke kūlana o kēlā me kēia pūʻulu lāʻau lapaʻau i hana ʻia.
- Hana nui: I kēia manawa hiki ke hana ʻia i nā nui he nui.
Aia kekahi mau pilikia a i ʻole nā pilikia me kēia lāʻau lapaʻau?
E like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau, aia kekahi mau pilikia e pili ana. Akā, mai hopohopo, e wehewehe kāu kauka i nā mea āpau iā ʻoe.
ʻO ka mea nui e hoʻomaopopo koke i nā limahana lapaʻau inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hōʻailona ʻē i ka wā a ma hope paha o kēia lāʻau lapaʻau.
ʻO nā pilikia maʻamau:
- Nā hopena hoʻokomo: Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia mau mea i ka wā a i ʻole ma hope koke iho o ka hāʻawi ʻia ʻana o ka lāʻau i loko o kahi aa koko. ʻAʻole koʻikoʻi kēia mau mea maʻamau.
- ʻŌhū ʻili
- kuni
- Haʻalulu ma muli o ke anu
- Paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana
- Ka hou ʻana
- Nā loli o ke koko
- Hoʻonui ʻia ka helu o ka puʻuwai
Inā hana ʻia kekahi mea e like me kēia, hiki ke kāohi ʻia ma ka hoʻolohi ʻana i ka wikiwiki o ka lawelawe ʻana i ka lāʻau a i ʻole ka hoʻōki ʻana no kekahi manawa.
- Nā hopena koʻikoʻi (akā ʻike pinepine ʻole ʻia):
- Anaphylaxis ʻĀkiaki: He hopena maʻi ʻaleka koʻikoʻi kēia e hiki koke mai ana a hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola. ʻO ia ke kumu e pono ai ka nānā pono ʻana i ka wā e hāʻawi mua ʻia ai ka lāʻau.
- ʻO Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS): He kūlana kēia kahi e lilo ai ka ʻōnaehana pale i mea hana nui a hoʻoulu i kahi "ʻino." Hiki i kēia ke hōʻino i nā ʻōpū.
- Maʻi serum: ʻO ka mea e hana ʻia ana i kēia, hoʻomaka ko mākou kino e hoʻouka i ka protein (antibody) i hāʻawi ʻia ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau.
Hiki i kekahi mau pilikia ke pili pono i ka maʻi e mālama ʻia nei. No ka laʻana, ka maʻi lysis tumor i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa.Hiki ke hana i kēia ke luku koke ʻia nā hunaola kanesa, a ʻaʻole hiki i nā puʻupaʻa ke lawelawe i nā huahana ʻōpala a lākou e hana ai.
ʻEhia ka lōʻihi e hoʻōla ai ma hope o ka lāʻau lapaʻau?
Hiki ke ʻokoʻa ka manawa e pono ai no ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻano intravenous. No ka laʻana, i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau no COVID-19, ua hāʻawi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau no kahi hola, a ukali ʻia e kahi hola o ka nānā ʻana.
ʻO ia ke kumu e pono ai ʻoe e hele pū me kahi lālā o ka ʻohana i ka lā mua. Inā ʻaʻohe hopena ʻaoʻao, hiki iā ʻoe ke hele hoʻokahi no nā lāʻau lapaʻau aʻe. Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe luhi ma hope o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, e nīnau i kāu kauka inā hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomau i kāu mau hana maʻamau (hana, kula). Aia ia i kou kūlana a me kou olakino holoʻokoʻa.
Pono anei au e kamaʻilio me ke kauka e pili ana i kēia?
ʻAe nō.
- Inā ke loaʻa nei iā ʻoe ka lāʻau lapaʻau monoclonal antibody a loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hōʻailona ʻē (e like me nā hopena a mākou i kūkākūkā ai ma mua), e kāhea koke i kāu kauka a i ʻole e hele i ka Emergency Department (ETU).
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi i ʻike ʻia he koho lapaʻau kūpono, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana inā kūpono kēia lāʻau antibody monoclonal iā ʻoe. E loiloi ʻo ia i kou kūlana, e wehewehe i nā pono a me nā pōʻino, a wehewehe inā kūpono ia iā ʻoe.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻO nā antibodies monoclonal kahi lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā e hoʻohana ana i nā kope o kā mākou mau antibodies ponoʻī, i hana ʻia i loko o kahi keʻena hana.
- ʻO kēia nā "lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻolālā ʻia" no laila ʻaʻole i hōʻino ʻia nā cell olakino.
- Ke hoʻohana pono ʻia nei kēia mau mea i kēia manawa e mālama i kekahi mau maʻi koʻikoʻi, e like me ke kanesa, ka ʻāʻī, a me nā maʻi allergies.
- Hoʻokomo pinepine ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻano he wai saline i loko o kahi aa koko. Aia paha kekahi mau hopena i ka wā a ma hope o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
- He mea nui loa e hōʻike koke i nā hōʻailona ʻē i kāu kauka.
- ʻO kāu kauka wale nō ke hoʻoholo inā kūpono kēia lāʻau lapaʻau iā ʻoe, no laila e kūkākūkā i nā mea āpau me ia.
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