Ke pilikia nei ʻoe i ka hanu ʻana? E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ka hemahema o ka hanu ʻana

Ke manaʻo nei ʻoe i kekahi manawa e paʻakikī ana ʻoe i ka hanu ʻana? A i ʻole ke manaʻo nei ʻoe ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hanu? ʻAʻole ia he manaʻo maikaʻi e hoʻowahāwahā wale i kēia mau mea. No ka mea, he hōʻailona paha kēia o kahi maʻi koʻikoʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo Respiratory Failure . I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kēia ma ke ʻano maʻalahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo. He pilikia olakino paha kēia, no laila he mea nui e makaʻala i kēia.

Pehea kākou e hanu ai? He aha ka mea e hana ai inā ʻaʻole hana pono kēia?

E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ia mea, ʻo ka oxygen i ko mākou kino e like me ka ʻaila i ke kaʻa, a i ʻole e like me ka wahie e pono ai mākou e holo i ko mākou ola. Ke hanu mākou, komo kēia kinoea makamae i kapa ʻia ʻo oxygen i loko o ko mākou mau māmā. I ka pololei, komo kēia oxygen i loko o nā ʻeke ea liʻiliʻi i loko o nā māmā, i kapa ʻia ʻo alveoli . Ua like ia me kahi kaʻa e kū ana i kahi kū kaʻa.

Mai laila mai, "lawe" ke koko i kēia oxygen i nā ʻāpana āpau o ke kino, me ko kākou lolo, puʻuwai, nā ʻiʻo, a me nā ʻōpū ʻē aʻe. Inā ʻaʻole hiki kēia oxygen i kēlā mau wahi, ʻaʻole hiki i nā ʻāpana o ko kākou kino ke hana, e like me ke kaʻa me ka ʻole o ka wahie.

I kēia manawa, ma hope o ka "lawe ʻia" ʻana o ka oxygen i kēlā mau wahi, ʻo nā hunaola koko, i ko lākou hoʻi ʻana mai, e hōʻiliʻili i ke kalapona ʻokikene, kahi kinoea pono ʻole i ke kino a he huahana ʻōpala. Ua like kēia me ka lawe ʻana i nā meaʻai i kahi hale kūʻai a hoʻihoʻi i nā pahu hakahaka. Inā hōʻiliʻili kēia kalapona ʻokikene i loko o ke kino, he pilikia nō hoʻi ia. No ka mea, a laila ʻaʻohe wahi lawa no ke koko e lawe i ka oxygen hou. No laila, hoʻi mai kēia kalapona ʻokikene i nā māmā a hoʻokuke ʻia mai ke kino ke hanu mākou. ʻO ia ka manawa e loaʻa ai iā mākou kahi e lawe hou ai i kahi oxygen hou.

Inā hewa kekahi ʻāpana o kēia kaʻina holoʻokoʻa, ʻaʻole lawa ka oxygen i nā ʻiʻo o ko mākou kino. ʻO ia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he Respiratory Failure .

Aia kekahi mau ʻano o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hanu?

ʻAe, aia kekahi mau ʻano o kēia maʻi, ma muli o ke ʻano o kona hanana a me kāna mea e hoʻopilikia nui ai. I kekahi manawa hiki ke hiki koke mai (ʻoi) , a i kekahi manawa hiki ke ulu mālie i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa (mau) . ʻO nā ʻano nui ʻelua:

1. Ka Holo ʻole o ka Hanu ʻana o ka Hypoxemic - ʻAno 1

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he ʻano kēia kahi i loaʻa ai i kou koko nā pae haʻahaʻa o ka oxygen (`hypoxemia`) . Hana ʻia kēia ke hanu ʻoe akā ʻaʻole lawa ka oxygen i kou koko. ʻO ka maʻi puʻuwai a me ka maʻi māmā nā kumu nui o kēia. Ua kapa pū kekahi poʻe he hypoxic respiratory failure.

2. Ka Holo ʻole o ka Hanu ʻana o Hypercapnic - ʻAno 2

ʻO kēia ka manawa e piʻi ai ka nui o ke kalapona ʻokikene (CO2) i loko o kou koko.. Ke hiki ʻole i ko kākou kino ke hoʻopau pono i ke kalapona ʻokikene, hōʻiliʻili kahi huahana ʻōpala i kapa ʻia ʻo CO2 i loko o ke koko. A laila, e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, ʻaʻohe wahi no ka oxygen i loko o ke koko. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia kūlana e nā maʻi o ka puʻuwai, nā māmā, nā ʻiʻo, a me ka ʻōnaehana nerve (lolo a me ke kaulahao kuamoʻo). Hiki i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ke hana i kēia.

Aia kekahi mau ʻano ʻē aʻe:

• ʻO ka hemahema o ka hanu ʻana o ka wā hana (ʻAno 3): Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia i ka wā o ke ʻoki kino. Hiki i ka anesthesia i hoʻohana ʻia i ka wā o ke ʻoki kino ke hoʻolilo i ka hanu ʻana i mea paʻakikī i kekahi manawa. Eia kekahi, hiki i nā ʻeke ea i loko o nā māmā ke hiolo (atelectasis), e pale ana i ka oxygen mai ka hiki ʻana i ke koko.
• Ka Holo ʻole ʻana o ka Hanu ma muli o ka Pūʻiwa (ʻAno 4): He kūlana koʻikoʻi ka pūʻiwa kahi e emi koke ai ke koko a me nā pilikia e like me ka edema pulmonary. Hiki i kēia ke hana i ka holo ʻole ʻana o ka hanu. Hiki ke hana ʻia ka pūʻiwa e nā mea e like me ka sepsis ( kahi maʻi koʻikoʻi e laha ana ma ke kino), nā hōʻeha puʻuwai koke, a me ke kahe nui ʻana o ke koko.

He aha nā hōʻailona o kēia maʻi?

Hiki ke ʻokoʻa nā hōʻailona o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hanu ma muli o ke kumu. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau hōʻailona maʻamau:

• Ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana a i ʻole ka manaʻo pōkole o ka hanu (dyspnea).
• Ka hanu wikiwiki ʻana (tachypnea).
• Manaʻo luhi loa .
• Ke manaʻo nei e kuʻi wikiwiki ana kou puʻuwai a i ʻole ke kuʻi ʻole nei kou puʻuwai.
• Ke ʻū ʻana me ka huʻa a i ʻole ke koko (hemoptysis).
• Ka hou nui ʻana.
• Hoʻomaha ʻole, hoʻonāukiuki.
• ʻIli keʻokeʻo.
• ʻO ke kala polū o ka ʻili, nā lehelehe, a i ʻole nā ​​​​manamana lima (cyanosis) - He hōʻailona koʻikoʻi kēia o ka nele o ka oxygen.
• ʻEha poʻo .
• ʻIke pōwehiwehi.
• Hopohopo, huikau, hiki ʻole ke noʻonoʻo pono.
• Nā loli i ke ʻano, ʻaʻole e like me ka mea maʻamau.

Mea nui: Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​​​pono ʻoe e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau , no ka mea, he pilikia paha kēia.

He aha nā kumu o ka hemahema o ka hanu ʻana?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, hiki mai kēia kūlana ke hoʻopilikia ʻia ka hiki o ko mākou kino ke lawe i ka oxygen a hoʻokuke aku i ke kalapona ʻokikene no kekahi kumu. ʻO nā mea e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i kēia:

• ʻAʻohe kūpono o ke kahe ʻana o ke koko a i ʻole ka emi ʻana o ke kahe koko i nā māmā.
• Ka ālai ʻana, ka ʻeha, a i ʻole ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ke wai i loko o nā māmā.
• ʻAʻole hiki ke hanu pono a hohonu paha.Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia e nā maʻi e hoʻopilikia ai i nā māmā, nā pilikia me nā aʻalolo a i ʻole nā ​​​​ʻiʻo e kōkua iā ʻoe e hanu, a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​ʻeha ma ka umauma.
• Nā ʻano ʻē i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko ma o ka puʻuwai.

ʻO wai ka mea i ʻoi aku ka pilikia? (Nā kumu pilikia)

ʻOi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o kekahi poʻe i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hanu. ʻO lākou kēia:

• ʻO ka poʻe me nā maʻi māmā: No ka laʻana, nā maʻi e like me ka acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) , ka maʻi pulmonary obstructive chronic (COPD) , ka pneumonia , ka hānō , ka cystic fibrosis , ka edema pulmonary (ka wai i loko o nā māmā) , ka pulmonary embolism (ka ʻūlū koko i loko o kahi ʻōmole māmā) , a me ka pulmonary fibrosis (ka ʻeha o nā māmā) .
• ʻO nā kānaka me nā maʻi puʻuwai a i ʻole nā ​​​​maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana kahe koko: e like me ka hōʻeha puʻuwai , ka maʻi puʻuwai hānau , ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻuwai , a me ka haʻalulu .
• ʻO ka poʻe me nā maʻi e hoʻopilikia ai i nā aʻalolo a me nā ʻiʻo e kōkua ai i ka hanu ʻana: nā kūlana e like me ka muscular dystrophy , amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) , scoliosis koʻikoʻi (curvature o ka iwi kuamoʻo) , a me Guillain-Barré syndrome .
• Nā ʻeha ma ka umauma, ke kaula kuamoʻo, a i ʻole ka lolo (me ka hahau ʻana).
• Ka puhipaka a i ʻole ka pili ʻana i nā mea hoʻonāukiuki ʻē aʻe o ka māmā: nā uahi kemika, ka lepo, ka haumia o ka ea (e like me nā hoʻokuʻu kaumaha o nā kaʻa ma ko mākou mau alanui, nā uahi o ka hale hana, a me ka lepo mai nā kahua kūkulu), a me ka asbestos.
• Nā ʻoki kino e pono ai ka anesthesia.
• Ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole ka inu nui ʻana i ka waiʻona.
• Makahiki: ʻOi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o nā pēpē hānau hou (ʻoi aku ka poʻe i hānau ʻia me ka ulu haʻahaʻa) a me nā pākeke ma luna o 65 mau makahiki.

Pehea e ʻike ai nā kauka i kēia?

E nānā ke kauka i ka lawa ʻole o ka hanu ma ka nānā ʻana i ka nui o ka oxygen a me ke kalapona ʻokikene i loko o kou koko . E nānā pū lākou i kou kaomi koko a hoʻohana i kahi mea clip-on liʻiliʻi (i kapa ʻia he `pulse oximeter` a i ʻole `pulse ox`) e nānā i ka pae oxygen i loko o kou koko. E hoʻolohe pū lākou i kou puʻuwai a me kou māmā a nānā iā ʻoe. Inā kānalua ʻia kēia ʻano, hiki iā lākou ke hana i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe.

He aha kēlā mau hoʻokolohua?

• ʻO ka oximetry pulse:ʻO ke kau ʻana i kahi mea ʻike ma kou manamana lima e ana i ka nui o ka oxygen i loko o kou koko. Hana pinepine ʻia kēia ke hele ʻoe e ʻike i ke kauka.
• Hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke Kinoea Koko Arterial (ABG): Lawe ʻia kahi hāpana koko liʻiliʻi me kahi nila mai ka pulima lima, ka lima luna, a i ʻole ka ʻūhā a ana ʻia nā pae oxygen a me ke kalapona dioxide. Hiki i kēia ke hāʻawi i ka ʻike pololei loa.
• Nā Hoʻāʻo Hana Pūmāmā (PFT): Ma kēia hoʻāʻo, ua noi ʻia ʻoe e hanu i loko a i waho ma o kahi waha i hoʻopili ʻia i kahi mīkini. Hiki i kēia ke nānā i ka hana maikaʻi o kou mau māmā.
• Nā hoʻāʻo kiʻi: Lawe nā kukuna X a me nā scan CT i nā kiʻi o loko o ke kino. ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki i kēia mau mea ke ʻike pololei i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hanu, hiki iā lākou ke kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke kumu.
• Electrocardiogram (EKG): Ke ana kēia i ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o ka puʻuwai. Inā manaʻo ke kauka ua ma muli o ka maʻi puʻuwai ka pilikia, e kauoha ʻo ia i kahi EKG.

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai kēia?

ʻO ka lāʻau no ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hanu e pili ana i kona koʻikoʻi a me ke kumu . ʻO nā pahuhopu nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻo ia ka mālama ʻana i ke kumu kumu, hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka oxygen hou aku, a i ʻole e hoʻohana i kahi mīkini hanu ('mechanical ventilation') a hiki i kou hiki ke hanu hou iā ʻoe iho.

He pilikia ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hanu koke a pono e mālama koke ʻia. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke mālama ʻia ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hanu liʻiliʻi a lōʻihi (mau) ma ka home ma ka kaohi ʻana i ke kūlana kumu.

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau kikoʻī?

• Hoʻoulu ea mīkini: Pili kēia i ka hoʻopili ʻana iā ʻoe i kahi mīkini hanu a me kahi ʻōmole i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kou ala ea, kahi e hanu ai a hoʻokuʻu i ka ea i loko o kou mau māmā.
• ʻO ka Oxygenation Membrane Extracorporeal (ECMO): He ʻano paʻakikī iki kēia. Pili ia i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mīkini bypass e wehe i ke koko mai ke kino, hoʻohui i ka oxygen iā ia, wehe i ke kalapona ʻokikene, a laila hoʻi hou i loko o ke kino.
• Hoʻōla oxygen: Hāʻawi kahi mīkini i ka oxygen keu ma o kahi pale hanu a i ʻole kahi ʻōmole liʻiliʻi (cannula) i kau ʻia ma ka ihu. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia ma ka haukapila a i ʻole ma ka home.
• Nā Wai: Hāʻawi ʻia nā wai ma ke ʻano intravenous (IV - pololei i loko o kahi aa koko). Hoʻomaikaʻi kēia i ke kahe koko i loko o ke kino a kōkua i ka lawe ʻana i ka oxygen hou aku i nā ʻiʻo.
• Ka mālama ʻana i nā kūlana olakino ma lalo: Ma muli o ke kumu o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hanu, hiki i ke kauka ke ʻōlelo i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole nā ​​​​lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe.

Aia kekahi ala e pale aku ai i kēia?

ʻAʻole hiki ke pale ʻia ka hemahema o ka hanu i nā manawa a pau. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻemi i kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hemahema o ka hanu mau loa ma ka mālama ʻana i kekahi mau maʻi puʻuwai, māmā, a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​maʻi ʻōnaehana nerve āu e loaʻa ai. Inā he kumu pilikia kou no kēia maʻi, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i nā ala e hōʻemi ai i kou pilikia.

Hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia ka hemahema o ka hanu ʻana?

He maʻi koʻikoʻi loa kēia. Hoʻōla ka hapa nui o ka poʻe mai ia mea. Aia ia i ke kumu o ka maʻi, kona koʻikoʻi, a me ka wikiwiki o ka mālama ʻia ʻana.

ʻOiai hiki ke mālama ʻia nā kumu he nui o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hanu koke, hiki ke make inā ʻaʻole mālama koke ʻia. Ma kahi o ka hapakolu o ka poʻe i hoʻokipa ʻia me ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hanu koke e make ana. ʻO ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hanu mau loa ka mea maʻamau i hana ʻia e kahi maʻi e ʻoi aku ka ʻino i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa.

Āhea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi mau loa e hoʻoweliweli iā ʻoe no ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hanu, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka. Hiki iā ia ke haʻi iā ʻoe i nā hōʻailona o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hanu e makaʻala ai a pehea e mālama ai i kou kūlana.

Āhea wau e hele ai i ka ʻOihana Pōpilikia (ETU) ?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hanu, e hele koke i ka lumi pilikia kokoke loa, a i ʻole e kelepona i ka 911. Hiki ke make kēia inā ʻaʻole e mālama koke ʻia.

He aha kaʻu e nīnau aku ai i kaʻu kauka?

He mea kōkua paha ka nīnau ʻana i kāu kauka i nā nīnau e like me kēia:

• He aha nā koho lapaʻau e loaʻa iaʻu?
• He aha ke kumu o kēia?
• Pehea e pono ai iaʻu ke hoʻohana i kaʻu mau lāʻau lapaʻau?
• Pehea e hoʻohana ai au i kēia mea hana (e laʻa, mīkini oxygen)? Hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻike mai iaʻu pehea?
• Āhea wau e manaʻo ai e ola hou?
• Āhea wau e hele hou mai ai e ʻike iā ʻoe?

Leka Lawe-Home

He maʻi koʻikoʻi ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hanu, a i kekahi manawa he make. Inā manaʻo ʻoe e loaʻa ana iā ʻoe ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hanu koke, e ʻoluʻolu e kelepona koke i ka 911 a i ʻole e ʻimi i ke kōkua lapaʻau ulia pōpilikia. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hanu mau loa, a inā he mau maʻi kou e hoʻonui ai i kou pilikia o ia mea, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i ka lāʻau kūpono. Hiki iā ia ke wehewehe i kāu mau koho lapaʻau a me nā mea e manaʻo ai ma muli o kou kūlana. E mālama i kou hanu ʻana, no ka mea, ʻo kou ola ia!

ʻO ka lawa ʻole o ka hanu, ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana, ka oxygen, ke kalapona ʻokikene, nā māmā, ka mālama pilikia, ARDS, COPD