He Rh maikaʻi ʻole anei kou koko? E makaʻala i kēia i ka wā hāpai (Rh Factor)

Inā he makuahine hāpai ʻoe, a i ʻole kekahi e hāpai koke ana i kahi pēpē, ʻo kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua mua a kāu kauka e kauoha ai he hoʻokolohua koko. E nānā kēia i kou ʻano koko a me kekahi mea nui ʻē aʻe. ʻO ia kou Rh factor. Ua lohe paha ʻoe i kēia huaʻōlelo ma mua. Akā, ʻaʻole nui ka poʻe i ʻike i kona manaʻo. He aha maoli ka Rh factor? No ke aha he mea nui ia i ka wā hāpai? Mai hopohopo, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ia mea me ka maʻalahi a me ka maopopo.

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka Rh factor?

ʻAe, e ʻōlelo kākou penei. E noʻonoʻo i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i loko o kou kino e like me nā pōpō poepoe liʻiliʻi loa. Loaʻa i kekahi poʻe kahi ʻano protein kūikawā i hoʻopili ʻia i ka ʻili, a i waho paha, o kēia mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula. ʻO kēlā protein ka mea a mākou e kapa nei ʻo ka Rh factor , a i ʻole Rhesus factor, i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

He mea kēia āu e hoʻoilina ai. ʻO ia hoʻi, loaʻa iā ʻoe mai kou makuahine a me kou makuakāne mai.

• Rh-positive: Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka protein ma ka ʻili o kou mau keena koko ʻulaʻula, he Rh-positive ʻoe. Ma ka ʻōlelo Sinhala, ʻo ia hoʻi he Rh-positive. Ma Sri Lanka a me ke koena o ka honua, ʻo ka hapa nui o ka poʻe, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma kahi o 85 o 100, he Rh-positive.
• Rh-maikaʻi ʻole: Inā ʻaʻohe ou protein ma ka ʻili o kou mau keʻena koko ʻulaʻula, he Rh-maikaʻi ʻole ʻoe. ʻO ia hoʻi, he Rh-maikaʻi ʻole ʻoe.

Hiki i kou ʻano koko ke A, B, AB, a i ʻole O. Pili kēia kumu Rh me kēlā ʻano koko. Eia kekahi laʻana, inā ʻo kou ʻano koko ʻo A a he Rh-positive ʻoe, ʻo kou ʻano koko holoʻokoʻa he "A maikaʻi." Inā he Rh-negative ʻoe, he "A maikaʻi ʻole ia."

No ke aha he mea nui ka Rh factor i ka wā hāpai? (Rh Incompatibility)

Eia ka mea e hana ʻia. Kāhea mākou i kēia kūlana kūikawā he Rh incompatibility , kahi e hana ʻia ai ke Rh-negative ka makuahine a Rh-positive ka pēpē i loko o ka ʻōpū .

E hoʻomaʻalahi hou aku kākou i kēia. E noʻonoʻo i kou kino me he ʻāina lā me kahi pūʻali koa pale maikaʻi. ʻOiai ʻoe he Rh-negative, ʻaʻohe o kou ʻāina (kino) kēlā protein Rh. I kēia manawa, inā lilo ke koko o ka pēpē i loko o kou ʻōpū i Rh-positive, ʻo ia hoʻi, aia kēlā protein i loko o kona mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula.

I ka wā hāpai, ʻaʻole hui pololei ke koko o ka makuahine a me ke pēpē. Akā i kekahi manawa, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka wā hānau keiki, hiki i kahi liʻiliʻi o ke koko o ka pēpē ke komo i loko o ke kahe koko o ka makuahine.

Ke hana ʻia kēia, ʻike nā pale o ka makuahine (ka ʻōnaehana pale) i ka protein Rh i loko o ke koko o ke pēpē ma ke ʻano he ʻenemi o waho, he mea hoʻouka kaua. Manaʻo lākou, "He aha kēia mea hou i komo mai i loko o ko mākou kino? ʻAʻole kēia no ko mākou kino," a hoʻomaka lākou e hana i nā mea kaua kūikawā e hakakā ai. Kāhea mākou i kēia mau mea kaua he antibodies . Ua kapa ʻia kēia kaʻina hana ʻo Rh sensitization .

Nā kūlana kahi e hui pū ai ke koko o ke pēpē me ke koko o ka makuahine:

• I ka wā hānau keiki: ʻO kēia ke kūlana maʻamau. Hiki ke hana ʻia i ka wā hānau ʻana o ka wahine a i ʻole ka ʻoki ʻana i ka wā cesarean.
• ʻO ke kahe koko ʻana o ka wahine i ka wā hāpai.
• He ʻeha a ulia paha i ka ʻōpū.
• Nā pilikia i ka wā hāpai mua, e like me ka hāʻule ʻana a i ʻole ka hāpai ectopic.
• I ka wā o nā hoʻokolohua kūikawā e like me ka amniocentesis.
• Ke noho ka pēpē i kahi kūlana breech, hoʻāʻo ke kauka e hoʻohuli lima i ka pēpē i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana ECV.

Ke hoʻopilikia nei kēia pilikia i ka pēpē mua a i ʻole ka pēpē ʻelua?

He mea nui loa kēia. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻaʻohe pilikia nui o ka pēpē Rh-positive mua o kahi makuahine Rh-negative.

ʻO ke kumu, e like me kā mākou i kūkākūkā ai ma mua, ʻo ke koko o ka pēpē ka mea hiki ke komo i loko o ke kino o ka makuahine i ka wā hānau. A laila, i ka manawa e hoʻomaka ai ke kino o ka makuahine e hana i kēlā mau antibodies, ua hānau mua ʻia ke pēpē. No laila, ʻaʻole e hōʻeha ʻia ka pēpē mua.

Akā, hoʻomaka ka pilikia maoli i ka wā hāpai aʻe.

I kēia manawa, ʻike ke kino o ka makuahine i ka protein Rh a hoʻomākaukau e hana i nā antibodies e hakakā iā ia. Inā hāpai ʻoe i kahi pēpē Rh-positive i loko o kou ʻōpū no ka lua o ka manawa , ʻo nā antibodies āu i hana ai ma mua, me ka manaʻo, "Eia hou mai ka ʻenemi!", e hele ma waena o ka placenta a hoʻomaka e luku i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula o ka pēpē. Me he mea lā ua hoʻomaka ke kaua i loko o ka pēpē.

Ua kapa ʻia kēia maʻi he maʻi Rh . Inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia, hiki ke lilo i mea weliweli loa no ka pēpē i loko o ka ʻōpū.

Pehea ʻoe e ʻike ai i kēia? He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau?

ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, ua maʻalahi loa ka ʻike ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i kēia maʻi i kēia mau lā.

ʻIkepili

Ke ʻike koke ʻoe ua hāpai ʻoe, e kauoha kāu kauka i kahi hoʻāʻo koko e hoʻoholo i kou ʻano koko a me ka mea Rh.

• Inā he Rh-positive ʻoe, ʻaʻohe pilikia. ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e hana i kekahi mea ʻē aʻe.
• Inā he Rh-negative ʻoe, e hana ʻia kekahi hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe e ʻike ai inā ua hoʻomohala kou kino i nā antibodies e kūʻē i ka protein Rh.

Lapaʻau: Lāʻau pale anti-D

Inā he Rh-negative ʻoe a ʻaʻole i hoʻomohala kou kino i nā antibodies, e hāʻawi nā kauka iā ʻoe i kahi pana maʻalahi akā koʻikoʻi loa. Ua kapa pinepine ʻia kēia ʻo ka pana Anti-D . ʻO ka inoa lapaʻau ʻo Rh immune globulin (RhIg) .

Ua like kēia lāʻau pale me kahi leka wahaheʻe i kāu ʻōnaehana pale. Hoʻōki loa ia i kou kino mai ka hana ʻana i kēlā mau antibodies weliweli. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, inā paha e komo kahi koko liʻiliʻi o kāu pēpē i loko o kou kino, ʻaʻole e ʻike kou kino iā ia he ʻenemi.

ʻO ka maʻamau, hāʻawi ʻia kēia lāʻau pale i ka wā:

• Ma kahi o 28 mau pule o ka hāpai ʻana: Hāʻawi ʻia kēlā me kēia makuahine Rh-negative i hoʻokahi lāʻau pale i kēia manawa ma ke ʻano he akahele.
• I loko o 72 mau hola o ka hānau ʻana: Hoʻāʻo ʻia ke koko o ka pēpē a inā he Rh-positive ka pēpē, hāʻawi ʻia ka makuahine i kahi inikini hou. ʻO kēia ke pale aku i ka pēpē i ka wā hāpai aʻe.
• I nā hihia ʻē aʻe: Hiki i ke kauka ke hāʻawi i kēia lāʻau pale inā he kahe koko i ka wā hāpai, inā he ulia ʻōpū, a inā he hāʻule keiki.

He aha nā pilikia e hiki ke loaʻa i ka pēpē inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia?

ʻAʻole hoʻopilikia ka Rh incompatibility i ka makuahine, akā inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia, hiki iā ia ke hana i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi no ka pēpē i loko o ka ʻōpū i ka wā o ka hāpai ʻana ʻelua a ma hope paha.

ʻO ka pilikia nui ka anemia hemolytic . I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ua luku ʻia nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula o ka pēpē ma mua o ka hana ʻia ʻana. ʻO nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula ka mea e lawe i ka oxygen a puni ke kino. Ke luku ʻia lākou, hiki i ka pēpē ke loaʻa nā pilikia koʻikoʻi.

• Jaundice: Ke wāwahi nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, hana ʻia kahi mea melemele i kapa ʻia ʻo bilirubin. Ke hōʻiliʻili kēia, melemele ka ʻili a me nā maka o ke pēpē. Hiki i nā pae kiʻekiʻe ke hōʻino i ka lolo.
• Ka Holo ʻole o ke Ake a me ka Puʻuwai: Pono ka puʻuwai a me ke akepaʻa o ka pēpē e hana ikaika loa e pani i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i luku ʻia. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻonui a hāʻule kēia mau ʻōkana.
• Hānau make: I nā hihia koʻikoʻi loa, hiki i ka pēpē ke make i loko o ka ʻōpū ma muli o ka anemia a me ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻuwai.

Akā, mai hopohopo. Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka lāʻau pale Anti-D, ua kakaikahi loa kēia ʻano maʻi koʻikoʻi i kēia mau lā.