E kamaʻilio maʻalahi kākou e pili ana i nā ʻano maʻi diabetes (Diabetes Mellitus)

Ua lohe mākou a pau i ka huaʻōlelo 'diabetes'. Malia paha ua pilikia kekahi o kou ʻohana, he hoaaloha, a i ʻole ʻoe iho i kēia maʻi. Akā ua ʻike anei ʻoe ʻaʻole hoʻokahi wale nō maʻi diabetes, akā he nui nā ʻano like ʻole? I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kēlā me kēia ʻano, ko lākou mau hōʻailona, ​​a pehea e mālama ai iā lākou ma ke ʻano maʻalahi a pololei.

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka maʻi diabetes ka inoa laulā no kekahi mau maʻi e hoʻopilikia ana i ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka meaʻai a mākou e ʻai ai i ka ikehu. Ke ʻai mākou i kahi meaʻai i loaʻa nā kalapona (starches), hoʻololi ko mākou kino iā ia i kahi ʻano kō i kapa ʻia ʻo glucose a hoʻohui iā ia i ke koko. A laila hana ko mākou pancreas i kahi hormone i kapa ʻia ʻo insulin , ka mea e lawe i kēlā glucose mai ke koko a hoʻouna iā ia i nā cell e hana i ka ikehu. I loko o ke kanaka me ka maʻi diabetes, ʻaʻole hana pono kēia kaʻina hana insulin. ʻO ka hopena, piʻi aʻe nā pae kō koko. Inā ʻaʻole i kāohi ʻia kēia, hiki ke loaʻa nā pilikia olakino koʻikoʻi i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa.

Prediabetes

ʻO kēia ke kahua hoʻomaopopo ma mua o ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi diabetes. Maanei, ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o kou pae kō koko ma mua o ka maʻamau, akā ʻaʻole lawa ke kiʻekiʻe e hōʻoia piha ai i ka maʻi diabetes.

Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi manawa e ʻike paha ʻoe i ka ʻeleʻele o ka ʻili ma nā wahi e like me ka ʻāʻī, nā ʻāʻī lima, a me ka ʻūhā. I kekahi manawa, e ʻike paha ʻoe i ka pohō kaumaha a i ʻole ka piʻi ʻana o ke kaumaha i wehewehe ʻole ʻia, ka makemake nui i ka ʻai, ka luhi, ka hou ʻana, ka ʻike pōwehiwehi, a me ka lohi o ka ho'ōla ʻana o nā ʻeha.

Inā ʻoe e hoʻololi i kou nohona i kēia manawa, hiki iā ʻoe ke pale a hoʻopaneʻe paha i ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi diabetes piha.

• Hoʻoikaika kino mau.
• Ka ʻai ʻana i kahi meaʻai olakino.
• Ka mālama ʻana i ke kaumaha kūpono o ke kino.
• Ka hoʻokele pilikia.
• E pale i ka puhipaka.

Inā paʻakikī kēia mau mea e hana a inā paha he kiʻekiʻe kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi diabetes, hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

ʻAno 1 Diabetes

Ua kapa ʻia kēia he 'juvenile diabetes' ma mua. Akā i kēia manawa ua ʻike mākou hiki ke ulu i kēlā me kēia makahiki. He maʻi autoimmune ia. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka mea e hana ʻia ma ʻaneʻi, ʻo ia ka hoʻouka ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana pale ponoʻī o ko mākou kino a luku i nā cell e hana ana i ka insulin i loko o kā mākou pancreas. A laila, ʻaʻole hiki i ke kino ke hana hou i ka insulin.

ʻAʻole hiki ke pale ʻia kēia maʻi. Hoʻokumu pinepine ʻia e nā kumu hoʻoilina.

Nā Hōʻailona o ka Maʻi Diabetes Type 1

ʻIke koke ʻia kēia ʻano hōʻailona, ​​​​i loko o kekahi mau pule.

• Manaʻo o ka make wai nui a me ka pōloli.
• Ka mimi pinepine ʻana.
• ʻIke pōwehiwehi.
• Luhi nui.
• Ka pohō kaumaha me ke kumu ʻole.

I kekahi manawa, ʻo ka hōʻailona mua hiki ke lilo i ka coma diabetic, hiki ke alakaʻi i kahi kūlana koʻikoʻi e like me ka nalowale o ka ʻike.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe a i ʻole kāu keiki kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​​​e hele koke i ka ʻOihana Pilikia (ETU) o ka haukapila.

Hiki i ka maʻi diabetes ʻano 1 ke hōʻino i nā kīʻaha koko palupalu i loko o nā maka (diabetic retinopathy), nā aʻalolo (diabetic neuropathy), a me nā puʻupaʻa (diabetic nephropathy). Hoʻonui pū ia i ka pilikia o ka maʻi puʻuwai a me ka hahau.

ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka insulin ma waho, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā peni insulin, nā pamu, a i ʻole nā ​​syringe. Eia kekahi , he mea nui ka hoʻāʻo mau ʻana i ke kō koko, ka kaohi ʻana i ka ʻai, a me ka hoʻoikaika kino.

ʻAno 2 Diabetes

ʻO kēia ke ʻano maʻamau, e hoʻopilikia ana ma kahi o 90% o ka poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ʻo 'adult-onset diabetes'. Akā i kēia lā he mea maʻamau nō hoʻi i waena o ka poʻe ʻōpio a me nā keiki. ʻO ka momona ke kumu nui.

ʻO ka mea e hana ʻia ma ʻaneʻi, ʻo ia ka emi ʻana o ka hana ʻana o ka insulin o ke kino, a i ʻole ʻaʻole pane pono nā ʻāpana o ke kino i ka insulin i hana ʻia (ʻInsulin Resistance`). ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka hana ʻana o ka pancreas a hana i ka insulin hou aku. Akā i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ʻaʻole lawa kēlā a piʻi aʻe ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kō koko.

Hoʻomohala mālie nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi diabetes type 2. ʻAʻole paha lākou e hōʻike i kekahi mau hōʻailona no nā makahiki. ʻO ia ke kumu e ʻike ʻia ai ka nui o ka poʻe me ia ke ʻimi lākou i ka lāʻau no kekahi maʻi ʻē aʻe.

No ke kāohi ʻana i kēia ʻano, he mea nui ka mālama ʻana i ke kaumaha olakino, ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai olakino, a me ka hoʻoikaika kino . Pono paha kekahi poʻe e lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole nā ​​inikini insulin. Hoʻoholo ʻia kēia e kāu kauka.

Maʻi diabetes hāpai

Hiki i kekahi mau makuahine ke loaʻa i ka maʻi diabetes no ka manawa pōkole ma muli o nā loli hormonal i ko lākou kino i ka wā hāpai. Ua kapa ʻia kēia he "gestational diabetes." Hoʻomaopopo pinepine ʻia ia ma o nā hoʻokolohua i hana ʻia i waena a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​manawa hope o ka hāpai ʻana.

I ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ʻaʻohe hōʻailona nui. Aia paha kekahi mau hōʻailona liʻiliʻi e like me ka nui o ka makewai a me ka mimi pinepine. ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ka nalo ʻana o kēia maʻi ma hope o ka hānau ʻana o ka pēpē.

ʻOi aku ka nui o ka pilikia no ka pēpē i loko o ka ʻōpū ma mua o ka makuahine. Ke piʻi aʻe ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kō koko o ka makuahine, hele pū ia i ka pēpē ma o ka placenta. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻopilikia i ka ulu ʻana o ka pēpē. Hiki i ka pēpē ke piʻi nui ke kaumaha, paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana i ka wā hānau, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi diabetes a i ʻole ka momona i ka wā e hiki mai ana. No laila, he mea nui loa ka kaohi pono ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes i ka wā hāpai.

ʻO nā ʻano maʻi diabetes ʻē aʻe kakaikahi

Ma waho aʻe o nā ʻano nui ʻekolu i luna, aia kekahi mau ʻano maʻi diabetes kakaʻikahi ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ka maʻi diabetes monogenic

Hoʻokumu ʻia ia e kahi loli i loko o kahi gene hoʻokahi. Hiki ke hoʻoilina ʻia. I ka manawa pinepine, ʻike ʻia ka maʻi diabetes i ka wā kamaliʻi a i ʻole ka wā ʻōpio a ʻaʻole hōʻike i nā hōʻailona o ke ʻano 1 a i ʻole ke ʻano 2, no laila ke kānalua nei nā kauka i kēia.

Ka maʻi diabetes lua

Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia e kekahi maʻi lapaʻau ʻē aʻe a i ʻole e kahi lāʻau lapaʻau āu e lawe nei. Eia kekahi laʻana:

• nā maʻi e pili ana i ka hormone (Cushing's syndrome, Acromegaly)
• Nā maʻi o ka pancreas
• ʻO ka Fibrosis Cystic (CF)
• ʻO ka maʻi ʻōpū polycystic (PCOS)
• Ka hoʻohana lōʻihi ʻana i kekahi mau lāʻau steroid.

I kēia mau hihia, hiki ke kaohi ʻia ka maʻi diabetes ke mālama ʻia ke ʻano kumu.