Cov khoom tiv thaiv me me ntawm peb lub cev: Txhua yam hais txog cov qe ntshav dawb!

Koj puas tau xav tias puas muaj ib pab tub rog me me hauv peb lub cev, zoo li ib pawg neeg uas tiv thaiv peb ntawm kev hem thawj uas peb tsis pom? Yog lawm, qhov no yog qhov tseeb. Cov tub rog no tiv thaiv peb ntawm ntau yam kab mob thiab cov kab mob uas nkag mus rau hauv peb lub cev. Hnub no peb yuav tham txog cov me me, tab sis tseem ceeb heev, cov neeg zov peb lub cev. Lawv yog cov qe ntshav dawb, qee tus kuj hu lawv ua cov qe ntshav dawb.

Cov Qog Ntshav Dawb Yog Dab Tsi?

Hais yooj yim xwb, cov qe ntshav dawb, uas cov kws kho mob hu ua "Leukocytes", zoo li cov neeg saib xyuas kev ruaj ntseg tseem ceeb hauv peb lub cev. Ib yam li muaj ib pab tub rog los tiv thaiv lub teb chaws, muaj ib pab tub rog tshwj xeeb los tiv thaiv lub teb chaws zoo kawg no hu ua peb lub cev. Cov qe ntshav dawb no yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm lub zog ntawd. Lawv yog ib feem tseem ceeb thiab tsis tuaj yeem hloov pauv tau ntawm peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob . Cov qe ntshav no ib txwm txav mus los ntawm peb cov hlab ntsha thiab cov nqaij, zoo li lawv tab tom saib xyuas. Cov neeg no ib txwm saib xyuas txhua yam kev raug mob, kev kis kab mob, lossis txhua yam uas ua rau lub cev puas tsuaj.

Ua li cas rau peb lub cev nrog cov qe ntshav dawb no?

Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov qe ntshav dawb no yog los tiv thaiv peb lub cev ntawm kev kis kab mob . Xav txog tias muaj ib tug kab mob lossis ib tug kab mob tau nkag mus rau hauv koj lub cev. Zoo li ib tug yeeb ncuab tau tawm tsam koj lub tebchaws. Tom qab ntawd, cov qe ntshav dawb no ua haujlwm zoo li cov tub rog hauv ib pab tub rog.

Ua ntej, qee cov qe ntshav dawb nrhiav tau tus neeg nkag teb chaws. Tom qab ntawd, zoo li cov thawj coj, lawv xa xov mus rau lwm cov qe ntshav dawb, hais tias, "Muaj teeb meem ntawm no, tuaj sai sai!" Tom qab ntawd, tag nrho cov tub rog ntawm cov qe ntshav dawb sib sau ua ke ntawm qhov chaw muaj kab mob. Lawv tuaj thiab tawm tsam kom rhuav tshem tus neeg nkag teb chaws. Hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua no, lawv tsim ib hom protein tshwj xeeb, hu ua "Antibody". Qhov "Antibody" no mus thiab txuas nws tus kheej rau tus neeg nkag teb chaws, ua rau nws tuag tes tuag taw thiab rhuav tshem nws. Puas yog nws tsis yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo kawg nkaus?

Cov qe ntshav dawb nyob qhov twg?

Cov qe ntshav dawb feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv peb lub cev ncig ntshav , uas yog, nyob rau hauv cov ntshav. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tsis yog tsuas yog nyob hauv cov hlab ntsha xwb. Thaum tsim nyog, lawv kuj tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab nkag mus rau hauv cov nqaij ntawm lub cev. Ib yam li cov kws tshawb nrhiav, lawv pom ib qho kev kis kab mob qhov twg thiab mus rau qhov ntawd ua lawv txoj haujlwm.

Cov qe ntshav dawb zoo li cas?

Txawm hais tias lawv hu ua cov qe ntshav dawb, lawv yeej tsis muaj xim. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum saib hauv qab lub tshuab microscope, lawv zoo li xim liab dawb thaum pleev xim nrog cov xim tshwj xeeb. Cov no yog cov qe ntshav me me uas feem ntau yog puag ncig thiab muaj lub membrane meej, lossis nucleus, nyob hauv nruab nrab.

Cov no loj npaum li cas?

Cov qe ntshav dawb yog cov khoom me me uas tsis pom nrog lub qhov muag liab qab . Tsuas yog pom nrog lub tshuab microscope xwb. Lawv me me heev.

Peb muaj pes tsawg lub qe ntshav dawb hauv peb lub cev?

Cov qe ntshav dawb muaj li ntawm 1% ntawm peb cov ntshav tag nrho.. Cov qe ntshav liab yog cov muaj ntau tshaj plaws hauv peb cov ntshav. Txawm tias qhov no yog 1% los xij, qhov kev pabcuam uas lawv muab rau peb txoj kev nyab xeeb tsis muaj nqi. Koj yuav xav tsis thoob thaum paub tias peb lub cev tsim tau txog 100 billion cov qe ntshav dawb ib hnub!

Cov qe ntshav dawb tsim tau li cas?

Cov qe ntshav dawb yog tsim los ntawm cov nqaij mos hauv peb cov pob txha, hu ua pob txha pob txha . Puas yog qhov chaw zoo kawg nkaus? Ib hom qe ntshav tshwj xeeb hauv cov pob txha pob txha no, peb hu ua cov qe ntshav qia, yog qhov uas hloov pauv ntau yam thiab dhau los ua cov qe ntshav dawb no.

Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, ob hom qe ntshav dawb, hu ua lymphocytes, tsim nyob rau hauv lub qog thymus hauv lub hauv siab sab saud. Qee hom lymphocytes, xws li T cell, tsim nyob rau hauv cov qog ntshav thiab lub po.

Muaj cov qe ntshav dawb hom twg?

Ib yam li muaj ntau hom tub rog sib txawv hauv peb cov tub rog kev ruaj ntseg, cov qe ntshav dawb raug muab faib ua tsib hom tseem ceeb. Txhua hom muaj nws txoj haujlwm tshwj xeeb.

Xav txog seb, qhov no zoo li ib pab tub rog uas muaj cov tub rog taug kev, cov tub rog phom loj, thiab cov tub rog tshwj xeeb. Txhua tus neeg ua haujlwm ua ke kom yeej qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua.

Nov yog cov hom no:

• Neutrophils: Cov no yog cov uas pab tua cov neeg nkag teb chaws xws li cov kab mob thiab cov pwm uas nkag mus rau hauv peb lub cev, thiab tseem tshem tawm cov khoom pov tseg los ntawm lub ntiaj teb sab nraud. Zoo li cov tub rog nyob rau ntawm kab pem hauv ntej.
• Lymphocytes: Pawg no suav nrog cov qe ntshav T, cov qe ntshav B, thiab cov qe ntshav tua neeg. Lawv yog cov uas tiv thaiv peb ntawm cov kab mob viral thiab tsim cov protein hu ua antibodies uas tau hais ua ntej.
• Eosinophils: Cov no pab txheeb xyuas thiab rhuav tshem cov kab mob parasites (piv txwv li cov kab mob), rhuav tshem cov hlwb qog noj ntshav, thiab tseem ua haujlwm ua ke nrog Basophils thaum muaj kev ua xua.
• Cov basophils: Cov no yog cov uas ua rau muaj kev tsis haum xws li hnoos, txham, thiab ntswg ntws thaum koj muaj kev tsis haum. Qhov tseeb, nws yog lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
• Monocytes: Cov no zoo li cov neeg ua haujlwm tu. Thaum muaj kev kis kab mob, lawv pab ntxuav thaj chaw los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov hlwb puas thiab tuag.

Cov teeb meem feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog cov qe ntshav dawb yog dab tsi?

Qee zaum peb cov qe ntshav dawb yuav qis los yog siab. Ob qho tib si tuaj yeem yog teeb meem.

• Yog tias koj cov qe ntshav dawb txo qis (Leukopenia): Yog tias koj cov qe ntshav dawb txo qis, uas hu ua "Leukopenia," koj yuav muaj feem kis kab mob ntau dua. Qhov no yog vim tias koj lub cev tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog.
• Yog tias cov qe ntshav dawb nce ntxiv (Leukocytosis):Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, yog tias muaj cov qe ntshav dawb ntau dhau, hu ua "Leukocytosis," ces tsis zoo. Qhov no txhais tau tias tej zaum yuav muaj kev kis kab mob hauv lub cev, lossis muaj mob xws li mob leukemia, lymphoma, lossis qee yam teeb meem nrog lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob no yog dab tsi?

Txawm koj cov qe ntshav dawb qis los yog siab, tej zaum koj yuav muaj qee cov tsos mob uas tshwm sim ntau zaus. Tab sis nco ntsoov tias, kev muaj cov tsos mob no tsis tas txhais tau tias koj muaj teeb meem loj. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog mus ntsib kws kho mob thiab mus kuaj mob.

• Kub taub hau ntau zaus, mob lub cev, thiab txias.
• Thaum muaj qhov txhab tshwm sim, nws yuav liab, o, tawm kua qaub, lossis tsis kho sai.
• Cov kab mob ntau zaus (piv txwv li, kab mob caj pas, kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij).
• Hnoos tas li los yog ua pa nyuaj.

Tus lej ntawm cov qe ntshav dawb ib txwm muaj yog dab tsi?

Feem ntau, ib tug neeg noj qab haus huv lub cev tsim tau li ntawm 100 billion lub qe ntshav dawb ib hnub. Thaum peb ua qhov kev kuaj ntshav, peb ntsuas tus naj npawb ntawm cov qe ntshav dawb ib microliter ntawm cov ntshav. Rau ib tug neeg laus noj qab haus huv, tus lej no yuav tsum nyob nruab nrab ntawm 4,000 thiab 11,000 lub qe ntshav ib microliter . Qhov no tuaj yeem txawv me ntsis nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg yam xws li hnub nyoog thiab poj niam txiv neej.

Yuav ua li cas thiaj kuaj tau cov qe ntshav dawb?

Muaj ob qho kev xeem tseem ceeb.

1. Kev Ntsuas Tag Nrho Cov Ntshav (CBC): Qhov no yog qhov kev kuaj uas feem ntau ua. Nws tuaj yeem muab ntau cov ntaub ntawv txog tsis yog cov qe ntshav dawb xwb, tab sis kuj tseem muaj lwm cov qe ntshav hauv cov ntshav, xws li cov qe ntshav liab thiab cov platelets, los ntawm cov qauv ntshav.

2. Kev kuaj ntshav dawb: Qhov no yog ib qho kev kuaj tshwj xeeb. Nws yog ua los nrhiav kev kis kab mob lossis qhov txhab zais rau qhov twg hauv cov nqaij mos ntawm lub cev. Qhov ua ntawm no yog, me ntsis ntshav raug rho tawm ntawm koj, cov ntshav dawb raug cais tawm ntawm nws, thiab cov tshuaj radioactive raug ntxiv rau lawv. Tom qab ntawd, cov ntshav dawb ntawd raug muab rov qab rau hauv koj lub cev. Tom qab ntawd, thaum koj saib nws nrog lub koob yees duab tshwj xeeb, cov tshuaj radioactive ua rau pom kev kis kab mob meej meej.

Ua cas ho ua rau cov qe ntshav dawb tsawg?

Peb hu cov qe ntshav dawb uas muaj tsawg dua 4,000 tias "Leukopenia." Qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam.

• Kev ua tsis tau haujlwm ntawm cov pob txha (piv txwv li, cov mob xws li aplastic anemia).
• Cov qe mob qog noj ntshav nkag mus rau hauv cov pob txha (piv txwv li, leukemia).
• Qee cov tshuaj, tshwj xeeb yog chemotherapy rau mob qog noj ntshav.
• Tsis txaus qee cov vitamins, xws li vitamin B12.
• Cov kab mob uas txo qis kev tiv thaiv kab mob, xws li HIV/AIDS.

Dab tsi yog cov ua rau muaj cov qe ntshav dawb ntau ntxiv?

Cov qe ntshav dawb uas muaj ntau tshaj 11,000 hu ua "Leukocytosis." Qhov no muaj ntau yam ua rau.

• Cov kab mob autoimmune (piv txwv li, lupus, mob caj dab rheumatoid).
• Kev kis kab mob los ntawm cov kab mob sib kis (piv txwv li '(Mononucleosis)').
• Cov kab mob bacterial (piv txwv li, cov kab mob hnyav xws li sepsis).
• Kev raug mob lub cev lossis kev ntxhov siab ntawm lub hlwb heev.
• Cov mob qog nqaij hlav xws li leukemia lossis Hodgkin's disease.
• Kev ua xua.

Cov kev kho mob rau cov kab mob ntshav dawb yog dab tsi?

Cov kev xaiv kho mob nyob ntawm seb hom mob thiab nws hnyav npaum li cas. Qee qhov kev kho mob suav nrog:

• Kev muab cov vitamins (yog tias muaj qhov tsis txaus).
• Muab tshuaj tua kab mob (yog tias nws yog kab mob bacterial).
• Kev phais hloov pob txha lossis kho cov pob txha (qee zaum mob hnyav).
• Kev hloov ntshav.
• Kev hloov hlwb ntawm cov noob.

Kuv yuav ua li cas thiaj li ua kom kuv cov qe ntshav dawb noj qab nyob zoo?

Muaj ntau yam uas peb ua tau los saib xyuas cov neeg zov me nyuam no hauv peb lub cev.

• Xyaum ua kom huv si: Tej yam xws li ntxuav koj txhais tes tsis tu ncua thiab noj mov huv tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis kab mob.
• Noj cov vitamins uas ua rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob muaj zog: Noj zaub mov kom zoo, thiab noj cov tshuaj vitamin ntxiv raws li tus kws kho mob qhia yog tias tsim nyog.
• Tau txais kev kho mob kom zoo rau lwm yam mob: Qee yam kab mob tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov qe ntshav dawb ua ib qho kev phiv. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tau txais kev kho mob kom zoo rau cov mob tseem ceeb.

Thaum kawg, tej yam uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov

Cov qe ntshav dawb zoo li thawj kab tiv thaiv hauv peb lub cev. Txawm tias nws yog kev raug mob lossis kev mob nkeeg, cov no yog thawj tus los tawm tsam. Yog li ntawd, nws yog peb lub luag haujlwm los ua kom cov qe ntshav no noj qab nyob zoo. Koj tuaj yeem ua kom koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob muaj zog los ntawm kev ua kom huv si, noj zaub mov kom sib npaug, thiab noj cov vitamins yog tias tsim nyog.

Yog tias koj kub taub hau ntau zaus, mob khaub thuas, mob kis kab mob ntau zaus, hnoos tas li, lossis ua pa nyuaj, nco ntsoov mus ntsib kws kho mob kom kuaj xyuas koj cov qe ntshav dawb. Qhov no tuaj yeem pab koj txheeb xyuas qhov mob ua ntej nws dhau los ua teeb meem loj. Tsis txhob txhawj, muaj kev kho mob zoo rau txhua yam no!

Cov qe ntshav dawb , cov qe ntshav dawb, kev tiv thaiv kab mob, kev kis kab mob, kev kuaj ntshav, kev noj qab haus huv, kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub cev