Cia peb kawm txog cov tub rog me me hauv koj lub cev - granulocytes.

Peb txhua tus siv zog heev kom tsis txhob muaj kab mob, puas yog? Tej zaum txawm tias mob khaub thuas kuj ua rau peb mob. Yog li, hauv peb lub cev, muaj ib lub cev tiv thaiv zoo heev los tawm tsam cov kab mob thiab kev kis kab mob zoo li no. Ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv ntawd yog cov granulocytes uas peb yuav tham txog hnub no. Cov neeg no ua haujlwm hauv peb lub cev zoo li cov tub rog uas tiv thaiv peb lub tebchaws. Zoo, yog li cia peb saib cov granulocytes no yog leej twg, lawv ua dab tsi, thiab yuav ua li cas yog tias lawv tsawg dhau lossis ntau dhau. Txhua yam yooj yim heev.

Koj puas paub tias cov granulocytes yog dab tsi?

Hais yooj yim xwb, ib hom granulocyte yog ib hom qe ntshav dawb. Yog lawm, koj twb hnov ​​​​tias muaj cov qe ntshav liab thiab cov qe ntshav dawb hauv cov ntshav. Ntawm cov qe ntshav dawb ntawd, hom feem ntau yog granulocyte.

Lawv tau txais lawv lub npe vim tias hauv lawv cov cell, hauv cytoplasm (cov kua tuab hauv lub cell), muaj cov qauv me me, zoo li noob hu ua granules. Hauv cov granules no muaj ntau yam tshuaj lom neeg, xws li cov enzymes . Cov no zoo li lawv cov riam phom.

Xav txog seb, thaum muaj ib yam dab tsi zoo li kab mob lossis cov kab mob me me nkag mus rau hauv koj lub cev, lossis thaum muaj kev o vim raug mob, cov granulocytes no maj nrawm mus rau qhov chaw zoo li lub tsheb thauj neeg mob nrog lub tswb ceeb toom. Lawv tuaj thiab tso cov tshuaj lom neeg hauv lawv cov hlwb los tawm tsam kev kis kab mob.

Yog li ntawd, tib txoj kev kom paub tseeb tias koj cov granulocyte qib yog dab tsi yog mus kuaj ntshav. Qhov no ua tau nrog CBC (Complete Blood Count), uas feem ntau ua.

• Yog tias koj cov granulocyte suav ntau , nws txhais tau tias muaj qee yam kab mob hauv koj lub cev.
• Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, yog tias cov granulocyte suav tsawg , nws yuav yog ib qho cim qhia txog kab mob pob txha , xws li leukemia lossis aplastic anemia . Tab sis tsis txhob txhawj, tsis yog txhua qhov kev txo qis yuav txaus ntshai.

Cov granulocytes no kuj hu ua 'granular leukocytes', 'polymorphonuclear leukocytes' lossis 'PMN cells'. Tab sis cia peb hu lawv ua 'granulocytes'.

Yuav ua li cas yog tias koj muaj cov granulocytes tsis paub tab?

Feem ntau, cov qe ntshav granulocyte no tsuas yog nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav tom qab lawv loj hlob tag hauv peb cov pob txha pob txha, uas yog, tom qab lawv loj hlob tag. Ib yam li cov menyuam yaus hauv tsev kawm ntawv kawm tau zoo thiab xeem dhau, lawv tawm los.

Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum cov granulocytes tsis loj hlob , uas yog, cov hlwb uas tsis tau loj hlob tag, pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntshav. Muaj ntau yam ua rau qhov no tshwm sim:

• Ib qho yog tias tej zaum yuav muaj qee qhov teeb meem nrog cov pob txha.
• Los yog, nws yuav yog tias lub cev teb rau kev kis kab mob sai li sai tau, zoo li xa cov tub rog tshiab mus rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua sai sai.

Cov kws kho mob feem ntau txhawj me ntsis yog tias koj muaj ntau dua 2% ntawm koj cov qe ntshav dawb tag nrho ua cov granulocytes tsis tau loj hlob.

Tiam sis nco ntsoov qhov no thiab:

• Cov niam cev xeeb tub thiab cov menyuam mos uas yug los tej zaum yuav muaj cov granulocytes uas tsis tau loj hlob hauv lawv cov ntshav. Qhov no yog ib qho zoo li qub, ib qho cim qhia tias cov pob txha ua haujlwm zoo. Yog li ntawd, tsis muaj dab tsi yuav tsum txhawj txog.

Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm granulocytes yog dab tsi?

Cov granulocytes tsis ua haujlwm ib leeg xwb. Lawv ua haujlwm ua ke ua ib pab pawg los tawm tsam thiab tiv thaiv peb ntawm tej yam xws li kev kis kab mob, cov kab mob me me, thiab cov tshuaj ua xua uas nkag mus rau hauv peb lub cev.

Muaj plaub hom granulocytes tseem ceeb. Txhua hom muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov enzymes sib txawv me ntsis hauv cov granules ntawd, yog li ntawd lawv txoj haujlwm sib txawv me ntsis.

1. Cov qe ntshav dawb (neutrophils)

• Qhov no yog hom granulocyte uas muaj ntau tshaj plaws , zoo li pawg tub rog loj tshaj plaws hauv ib pab tub rog.
• Lawv tus yeeb ncuab tseem ceeb yog cov kab mob . Ib lub qe ntshav dawb neutrophil tuaj yeem noj thiab rhuav tshem li ntawm 20 tus kab mob hauv nws lub neej!
• Cov neutrophils tsim txog li 40% thiab 60% ntawm tag nrho cov granulocytes hauv peb lub cev, uas txhais tau tias kwv yees li ob feem peb ntawm cov qe ntshav dawb.

2. Cov Eosinophils

• Cov no kuj tseem ceeb heev. Lawv pom muaj nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua yam kev tiv thaiv kab mob .
• Lawv txoj haujlwm ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum muaj kev ua xua .
• Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, cov eosinophils no yog cov uas tawm tsam cov kab mob parasites , uas yog, cov kab mob uas ua rau muaj kab mob xws li cov kab mob me me.

3. Cov Basophils

• Cov neeg no feem ntau tawm tsam kev ua xua .
• Lawv tso tawm ib yam tshuaj hu ua histamine , uas pab lub cev tshem tawm cov allergens (xav txog nws zoo li txham thiab ntswg ntws).
• Nws kuj tso tawm heparin , uas tiv thaiv cov ntshav txhaws.

4. Cov hlwb mast

• Cov hlwb mast kuj yog ib hom granulocyte. Tab sis lawv tsis ncig hauv cov ntshav zoo li lwm tus. Lawv nyob hauv peb cov nqaij.
• Ib yam li cov basophils, lawv kuj tso tawm histamine thiab heparin.
• Cov basophils thiab mast cells zoo sib xws. Qhov txawv tseem ceeb yog tias cov basophils muaj lub neej luv dua thiab maj mus rau qhov chaw mob sai li sai tau thaum nws tshwm sim.

Cov granulocytes nyob qhov twg?

Cov tub rog me me no, hu ua granulocytes, yog tsim tawm hauv pebSab hauv cov pob txha . Zoo li chaw cob qhia. Tom qab ntawd, thaum lub cev xav tau lawv cov kev pabcuam, lawv koom nrog cov ntshav thiab mus rau qhov chaw tsim nyog.

Cov theem ib txwm ntawm cov granulocytes yuav tsum zoo li cas?

Feem ntau, ib tus neeg noj qab haus huv yuav tsum muaj ntawm 1,500 thiab 8,500 granulocytes ib microliter (ib tee me me ntawm cov ntshav). Koj daim ntawv qhia txog kev kuaj ntshav yuav qhia qhov no ua `1.5 - 8.5 x 10^9/L`. Cov nqi no tuaj yeem sib txawv me ntsis ntawm chav kuaj mus rau chav kuaj.

Yog tias peb siv ntau hom granulocytes uas peb tau tham txog ua ntej ua feem pua, qhov no yog qhov lawv yuav tsum yog:

• Neutrophils: Nruab nrab ntawm 50% thiab 70% ntawm tag nrho cov qe ntshav dawb.
• Eosinophils: Nruab nrab ntawm 1% thiab 3%.
• Basophils: Nruab nrab ntawm 0.4% thiab 1%.

Cov kab mob dab tsi feem ntau cuam tshuam rau cov granulocytes?

Muaj ntau yam mob uas yuav tshwm sim tau vim muaj cov granulocytes ntau ntxiv lossis tsawg zuj zus. Cia peb saib ob peb yam ntawm lawv:

• Basophilia: Qhov no yog kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov basophils. Qhov no tuaj yeem yog ib qho cim ntawm kev kis kab mob, kab mob autoimmune (kab mob uas lub cev cov hlwb tawm tsam nws tus kheej), lossis ib qho mob xws li leukemia.
• Cyclic neutropenia: Qhov no yog thaum cov neutrophils txo qis thiab tom qab ntawd rov qab mus rau qhov qub. Qhov no tshwm sim hauv ib lub voj voog. Qhov mob no ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis kab mob.
• Eosinophilia: Kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov eosinophils. Qhov no feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov mob xws li hawb pob thiab kev ua xua rau lub caij . Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem yog ib qho cim ntawm cov kab mob parasitic lossis cov kab mob autoimmune xws li sarcoidosis thiab inflammatory bowel disease .
• Granulocytosis: Qhov no yog kev nce ntxiv ntawm tag nrho cov granulocytes. Qhov no tuaj yeem muaj ntau yam ua rau. Cov kab mob, mob qog ntshav, qee cov kab mob autoimmune, thiab cov kab mob pob txha yog cov tseem ceeb.
• Neutropenia (tseem hu ua granulocytopenia): Qhov no yog qhov txo qis ntawm cov granulocytes, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog neutrophils. Qhov no feem ntau yog vim muaj teeb meem ntshav lossis pob txha, xws li aplastic anemia lossis leukemia . Agranulocytosis yog hom neutropenia hnyav tshaj plaws.

Cov tsos mob ntawm cov kab mob ntsig txog granulocyte yog dab tsi?

Cov tsos mob no yuav txawv nyob ntawm koj tus mob. Txawm li cas los xij, qee cov tsos mob feem ntau muaj xws li:

• Xav tias nkees txhua lub sijhawm (Fatigue)
• Ua npaws
• Kev kis kab mob ntau zaus (piv txwv li mob khaub thuas, mob caj pas, mob txeeb zis)
• Kab mob ntawm cov pos hniav
• Mob pob qij txha
• Mob qhov ncauj
• Xeev siab thiab ntuav
• Cov pob khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij, xws li eczema
• Mob caj pas
• Cov qog ntshav o (hauv qhov chaw xws li caj dab thiab qhov tsoob)

Yog koj tseem muaj ib lossis ntau yam ntawm cov tsos mob no, qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog mus ntsib kws kho mob kom tau lus qhia.

Yuav ua li cas thiaj kuaj tau cov granulocyte?

Koj tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas koj cov granulocyte suav los ntawm kev suav cov ntshav tag nrho (CBC) . Qhov no yog kev kuaj ntshav yooj yim heev uas feem ntau ua.

Yog xav nrhiav cov qib granulocyte hauv koj daim ntawv qhia CBC, nrhiav cov lus no:

• Neutrophil los yog "neutrophil."
• Eosinophil los yog "eosin."
• Basophil los yog "baso."

Cov lus no feem ntau muaj lo lus "abs" tom qab. Qhov no txhais tau tias "absolute." Nws txhais tau tias tus lej tseeb ntawm txhua hom cell (tus lej tseeb hauv ib ntim ntshav).

Cov kev kho mob rau cov kab mob ntsig txog granulocyte yog dab tsi?

Cov kev xaiv kho mob yuav txawv nyob ntawm koj tus mob, tab sis qee qhov kev kho mob feem ntau suav nrog:

• Tshuaj tua kab mob: Yog tias muaj kev kis kab mob.
• Kev hloov pob txha: Hauv qee kis mob hnyav.
• Cov tshuaj Corticosteroids: Txo qhov o.
• Kev txhaj tshuaj G-CSF (granulocyte colony-stimulating factor): Ua kom cov granulocyte ntau ntxiv.
• Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob: Hauv cov kab mob autoimmune.

Yog tias mob qog noj ntshav cuam tshuam rau cov granulocytes, cov kev xaiv kho mob yuav suav nrog:

• Kev kho mob qog noj ntshav
• Kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob
• Kev kho mob hluav taws xob
• Kev kho mob tsom mus rau
• Kev phais mob

Kev kho mob ntawm cov granulocytes tsis paub tab

Yog tias koj cov ntshav kuaj qhia tias koj muaj cov granulocytes tsis tau loj hlob, koj tus kws kho mob yuav ua lwm yam kev kuaj mob kom nrhiav tau qhov ua rau.

• Yog tias qhov ua rau yog kev kis kab mob, yuav muab tshuaj kho kom haum.
• Yog tias qhov ua rau yog ib yam dab tsi zoo li mob qog noj ntshav, lawv yuav nrog koj tham txog cov kev kho mob xws li phais, chemotherapy, lossis kev kho mob hluav taws xob.

Kuv yuav tsum saib xyuas kuv tus kheej li cas? Yog tias kuv xav tau kev txhawj xeeb txog kuv cov granulocyte theem?

Yog tias koj muaj ib yam mob uas cuam tshuam rau koj cov granulocyte, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tiv thaiv koj tus kheej kom tsis txhob muaj kab mob. Nov yog qee yam uas koj ua tau:

• Tsis txhob kov koj ob lub qhov muag, qhov ntswg, lossis lub ntsej muag yam tsis tau ntxuav koj txhais tes. Muaj pes tsawg tus kab mob uas peb tsis pom nyob rau ntawm peb txhais tes?
• Mus txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob raws sijhawm. Cov no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau ntau yam kab mob.
• Mus ntsib kws kho hniav tsis tu ncua, thiab ua kom koj lub qhov ncauj huv si thaum nyob hauv tsev. Txhuam koj cov hniav thiab siv xov los ntxuav koj cov hniav kom zoo.
• Ntxuav koj txhais tes ntau zaus thiab kom huv si, tshwj xeeb yog ua ntej noj mov, tom qab siv chav dej, thiab tom qab tawm mus sab nraud.
• Tsis txhob mus rau qhov chaw uas muaj neeg coob coob thiab cov chaw uas muaj neeg mob nyob ntau li ntau tau.
• Noj zaub mov kom zoo. Noj txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub ntau ntxiv. Cov no ua rau koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob muaj zog.
• Pw tsaug zog txaus.
• Tsis txhob haus luam yeeb.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog nrhiav kev pab kho mob yog tias koj muaj tej yam tsos mob txawv txawv, tsis txhob tsis quav ntsej txog lawv.

Qhov txawv ntawm Granulocytes thiab Agranulocytes yog dab tsi?

Ob qho no yog hom qe ntshav dawb. Txawm li cas los xij, agranulocytes tsis muaj cov granules uas tau hais los saum toj no hauv lawv cov cytoplasm. Tsab ntawv "A" feem ntau txhais tau tias "tsis muaj." Yog li "agranulocyte" txhais tau tias ib yam dab tsi zoo li "cov qe ntshav dawb uas tsis muaj granules."

Monocytes thiab lymphocytes yog ob qho piv txwv ntawm cov agranulocytes no. Lawv kuj ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb heev hauv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.

Thaum kawg, tej yam uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov

Cov granulocytes yog cov tub rog ntsiag to ntawm peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob uas tawm tsam cov kab mob, cov tshuaj ua xua, thiab lwm yam tshuaj uas nkag mus rau hauv peb lub cev. Thaum cov qe ntshav dawb no ua haujlwm zoo, peb lub cev tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej zoo dua.

Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj lub cev tsis tsim cov granulocytes txaus, lossis yog tias tus lej ntawm cov granulocytes tsawg dhau lossis siab dhau, nws tuaj yeem qhia txog tus mob hnyav.

Yog tias koj mob ntau zaus, yooj yim kis kab mob, lossis muaj ib qho tsos mob uas tau hais los saum toj no, thov mus ntsib kws kho mob. Lawv tuaj yeem khiav cov kev kuaj mob tsim nyog, nrhiav seb qhov ua rau yog dab tsi, thiab npaj txoj kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws rau koj. Kev saib xyuas koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws!

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