Cia peb kawm txog cov cim enzyme hauv koj cov ntshav.

Thaum ib tug kws kho mob hais kom koj kuaj koj cov "Enzyme Markers," tej zaum koj muaj ob peb lo lus nug hauv siab, puas yog? "Cov enzymes no yog dab tsi?", "Vim li cas lawv thiaj raug kuaj?" Cov lus nug zoo li ntawd. Tsis txhob txhawj, nws yooj yim heev. Cia peb kawm ntxiv txog qhov no hnub no, ib yam li tham nrog ib tug phooj ywg.

Yog li cov cim enzyme no yog dab tsi?

Hais yooj yim xwb, cov Enzyme Markers yog kev kuaj ntshav uas ntsuas cov qib ntawm qee cov enzymes hauv koj cov ntshav. Cov enzymes no feem ntau pom muaj nyob hauv cov cell ntawm peb lub cev. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum ib qho organ hauv peb lub cev, xws li lub siab, lub plawv, lossis cov leeg, raug puas tsuaj, muaj kab mob, lossis raug mob, qee cov enzymes no tawm ntawm cov cell puas tsuaj mus rau hauv cov ntshav. Nws zoo li dej tawm ntawm lub raj mis tawg.

Tom qab ntawd, nrog rau qhov kev kuaj ntshav no, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem pom seb qhov theem ntawm cov enzyme no hauv koj cov ntshav siab dua lossis qis dua li qub. Qee zaum cov kws kho mob hu cov no ua "biomarkers." Uas yog, ib qho cim qhia txog kab mob. Qhov no tuaj yeem muab rau tus kws kho mob ib qho lus qhia txog seb puas muaj qee yam tsis raug hauv koj lub cev.

Zoo, yog li cov "enzymes" no yog dab tsi?

Peb nyuam qhuav tham txog "cov cim enzyme." Yog li cov "enzymes" no yog dab tsi? Xav txog cov enzymes ua cov protein uas zoo li cov neeg ua haujlwm me me hauv peb lub cev. Lawv pab nrog lwm cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg hauv peb lub cev, thiab lawv ua kom peb lub cev zom zaub mov sai dua. Nws zoo li ib tug neeg uas pab peb zom zaub mov sai dua.

Muaj ntau txhiab hom enzymes sib txawv hauv peb lub cev, txhua yam ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb. Nov yog ob peb yam piv txwv:

• Hauv lub cev ncig ntshav: Pab kom cov ntshav txhaws.
• Lub cev zom zaub mov: Pab zom cov khoom noj uas peb noj.
• Cov leeg nqaij thiab pob txha: Cov leeg nqaij pab ua haujlwm thiab txav mus los.
• Lub paj hlwb: Pab ua haujlwm ntawm lub hlwb, tus txha caj qaum, thiab cov hlab ntsha.
• Lub cev ua pa: Pab nrog txoj kev ua pa.
• Lub cev tso zis: Pab tshem tawm cov khib nyiab ntawm lub cev.

Koj pom, cov enzymes ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv peb lub cev!

Leej twg xav tau qhov kev kuaj enzyme marker no?

Muaj ntau yam ua rau tus kws kho mob yuav xaj kom kuaj qhov no. Cov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog:

• Kev Tshuaj Xyuas: Qee zaum, thaum koj mus kuaj lub cev tsis tu ncua, qhov kev kuaj no tuaj yeem ua los xyuas seb puas muaj teeb meem sab hauv, puas tsuaj rau lub cev, lossis qaug zog ntawm cov leeg, txawm tias koj tsis muaj tsos mob dab tsi los xij.
• Yuav kuaj mob li cas (Diagnosis):Yog koj muaj cov tsos mob, qhov kev kuaj no tuaj yeem pab txiav txim seb qhov ua rau yog ib yam kab mob tshwj xeeb lossis teeb meem plawv.
• Kev soj ntsuam kev vam meej ntawm kev kho mob: Yog tias koj noj tshuaj rau qee yam kab mob, cov kev kuaj enzyme no kuj raug ua los saib seb cov tshuaj puas ua haujlwm zoo lossis nws puas ua rau lwm lub cev puas tsuaj.

Muaj hom kev kuaj enzyme marker dab tsi?

Cov kws kho mob siv ntau yam kev kuaj mob enzyme los kuaj mob sib txawv thiab lawv cov mob. Nov yog qee hom kab mob tseem ceeb:

• Kev kuaj enzyme hauv lub plawv: Qhov no kuaj seb puas muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov leeg nqaij plawv.
• Kev kuaj Creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) isoenzymes: Qhov no kuaj rau cov enzymes xws li `(CK-MB)` thiab `(CK-MM)`. Qhov no kuj tseem tuaj yeem ntes tau kev puas tsuaj rau cov leeg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lub plawv thiab lwm cov leeg.
• Kev kuaj mob siab enzyme: Qhov kev kuaj no ntsuas cov enzymes xws li `(ALT)`, `(AST)`, `(Alkaline phosphatase)`, `(GGT)`, thiab `(5'-NT)` kom tau lub tswv yim ntawm qhov mob ntawm lub siab.

Tam sim no cia peb saib txhua hom no kom meej me ntsis.

Kev Ntsuas Enzyme Hauv Lub Plawv Yog Dab Tsi?

Qhov no feem ntau ua thaum xav tias muaj mob plawv nres, lossis los xyuas seb cov leeg plawv puas tau raug puas tsuaj los ntawm lwm yam mob plawv. Nws kuj tseem ua los xyuas seb lub plawv ua haujlwm li cas tom qab qee qhov kev phais plawv, xws li kev phais plawv los ntawm kev phais plawv (CABG) lossis angioplasty.

Thaum muaj ib yam dab tsi puas tsuaj rau hauv lub plawv, lub plawv tso tawm cov protein hu ua troponin (cTn) thiab ib qho enzyme hu ua creatine phosphokinase (CPK) rau hauv cov ntshav. Yav dhau los, qib ntawm creatine phosphokinase (CPK) yog qhov kev kuaj mob tseem ceeb uas siv los kuaj mob plawv nres. Tab sis tam sim no, yog tias koj xav tias koj muaj mob plawv nres, cov kws kho mob feem ntau ua qhov kev kuaj mob troponin los lees paub qhov kev kuaj mob. Qhov no yog vim tias cov enzyme troponin tsuas pom nyob hauv lub plawv xwb. Yog vim li cas nws thiaj tshwj xeeb heev.

Cov theem Troponin hauv cov ntshav tuaj yeem pib nce siab hauv 12 teev tom qab muaj mob plawv nres. Cov theem CPK siab kuj tseem tuaj yeem qhia txog tus mob hu ua kab mob plawv, uas yog kev thaiv hauv cov hlab ntsha uas muab ntshav mus rau lub plawv.

Feem ntau, cov troponin hauv cov ntshav qis heev - kwv yees li 0.02 nanograms ib milliliter (0.02 ng/mL). Cov theem siab ntawm cov enzyme plawv no hauv cov ntshav txhais tau tias muaj peev xwm ua rau mob plawv nres. Tus nqi siab dua, qhov kev puas tsuaj ntau dua rau lub plawv.

Vim tias cov theem enzyme hloov pauv thaum lub plawv nres, koj tus kws kho mob yuav xaj ntau qhov kev kuaj los ntsuas koj cov CPK thiab troponin txhua ob peb teev.

Koj tus kws kho mob yuav xaj kom kuaj lub plawv enzyme yog tias koj muaj ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob no:

• Mob hauv siab
• kiv taub hau
• Xeev siab
• Kev tawm hws ntau dhau (Profive sweating / Hyperhidrosis)
• Ua tsis taus pa / Ua tsis taus pa

Kev Ntsuas CPK Isoenzymes yog dab tsi?

Qhov kev kuaj no nrhiav seb puas muaj cov '(CPK)' ntau dhau. Qhov no qhia tau tias cov nqaij puas lawm. Thaum peb cov leeg (xws li cov leeg plawv), lub hlwb, thiab lub ntsws puas los ntawm kab mob lossis raug mob, cov '(CPK)' isoenzymes no raug tso tawm rau hauv cov ntshav. Isoenzymes yog cov hom enzymes uas tshwj xeeb rau qee yam kabmob lossis cov nqaij.

Piv txwv li:

• Tus `(CK)` tshwj xeeb rau lub plawv yog `CK-MB` .
• Tus '(CK)' tshwj xeeb rau cov leeg pob txha (xws li cov leeg ntawm caj npab) yog 'CK-MM' .
• Hais yooj yim xwb ces `(CK)` yog tag nrho cov `(CK)` los ntawm txhua qhov chaw no.

Nyob ntawm koj cov tsos mob, kev kuaj mob, lossis cov yam ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo, koj tus kws kho mob yuav xaj qhov kev kuaj mob (CPK) isoenzyme no los xyuas seb puas muaj cov mob xws li:

• Mob plawv nres
• Mob stroke
• Mob qog hauv hlwb
• Mob nqaij ntshiv dystrophy (ib yam kab mob uas ua rau cov leeg tsis muaj zog)
• Dermatomyositis (ib yam kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab cov leeg)
• Kab mob Inclusion body myositis (ib yam kab mob uas ua rau cov leeg tsis muaj zog)
• Polymyositis (ib yam kab mob ntawm cov leeg nqaij)
• Malignant hyperthermia (ib qho mob uas ib tug neeg kub taub hau heev thaum lub sijhawm phais mob vim yog siv tshuaj loog)

Kev Kuaj Enzyme Hauv Siab Yog Dab Tsi?

Thaum peb lub siab raug mob los ntawm qee yam kab mob lossis raug mob, lub siab tso tawm ntau yam enzymes rau hauv cov ntshav. Ob qho ntawm cov enzymes no paub zoo tshaj plaws yog alanine aminotransferase (ALT) thiab aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Cov enzyme ALT feem ntau yog tsim tawm hauv lub siab. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) yog tsim tawm hauv lub siab, lub plawv, lub raum, lub hlwb, thiab cov leeg.

Kev kuaj mob siab enzyme yuav xyuas seb puas muaj cov enzymes no ntau dhau. Yog tias lawv siab dhau, tej zaum yuav yog vim muaj mob xws li:

• Cov kua tsib txhaws
• Kab mob Celiac (kev ua xua rau gluten)
• Kab mob siab cirrhosis
• Kab mob siab rog lossis kab mob siab ntsig txog cawv
• Hemochromatosis (muaj hlau ntau dhau hauv cov ntshav)
• Kab mob siab A, kab mob siab B thiab kab mob siab C
• Mob qog nqaij hlav
• Kab mob Mononucleosis (ib yam kab mob uas ua rau cov qog o)
• Kab mob Wilson (muaj tooj liab ntau dhau hauv pob txha)

Nco ntsoov tias, cov enzyme ntau ntxiv tsis tas txhais tau tias koj muaj kab mob. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav muab cov no piv rau koj cov tsos mob thiab lwm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj mob kom txog thaum xaus lus.

Kuv yuav tsum npaj li cas rau kev kuaj enzyme marker?

Yog koj yuav mus kuaj ntshav, nco ntsoov ob peb yam no yuav ua rau cov txheej txheem yooj yim dua:

• Haus dej ntau: Haus dej ntau ua ntej pub ntshav. Qhov no yuav pab kom cov ntshav ntws tau zoo dua los ntawm cov leeg ntshav, ua rau nws yooj yim dua los sau cov ntshav.
• Tsis txhob haus luam yeeb (nicotine): Yog tias koj haus luam yeeb (xws li haus luam yeeb hluav taws xob), tsis txhob haus ua ntej pub ntshav. Nicotine ua rau cov hlab ntsha nqaim, ua rau nws nyuaj rau rub cov ntshav los ntawm cov hlab ntsha nqaim.
• Qhia rau peb yog tias koj ntshai: Yog tias koj ntshai koob txhaj tshuaj (Trypanophobia) lossis ntshai pom ntshav (Hemophobia), qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob lossis tus neeg uas tab tom kos koj cov ntshav ua ntej. Lawv tuaj yeem pab koj ua kom cov txheej txheem kos ntshav yooj yim dua.

Kuv puas yuav tsum tau yoo mov ua ntej kuaj enzyme marker?

Koj tus kws kho mob yuav qhia koj seb koj puas yuav tsum yoo mov (tshwj tsis yog haus dej). Feem ntau, koj tsis tas yuav yoo mov. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kev kuaj mob plawv yog ua thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, xws li mob plawv nres, koj yuav tsis yoo mov thaum lub sijhawm ntawd.

Yuav muaj dab tsi tshwm sim thaum ua qhov kev kuaj enzyme marker?

Qhov no tsuas yog kev kuaj ntshav yooj yim xwb. Nyob ntawm koj qhov xwm txheej, kev kuaj no tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv chaw ua haujlwm ntawm kws kho mob, chaw kuaj ntshav, lossis tsev kho mob. Tus kws kho mob ntshav (tus neeg uas tau kawm tshwj xeeb los kos ntshav) lossis lwm tus kws kho mob yuav kos koj cov ntshav. Cov txheej txheem no tsuas yog siv ob peb feeb xwb.

Tom qab kuaj xyuas cov cim enzyme, kuv yuav tsum tau tos dab tsi?

Zoo tshaj yog muab daim nplaum nplaum rau ntawm qhov chaw uas yuav tsum tau ntshav li ob mus rau plaub teev kom txo tau qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis kab mob. Qhov chaw uas tau ntxig koob yuav o thiab raug mob me ntsis. Qhov no yuav ploj mus li ob peb hnub.

Koj tuaj yeem txo qhov mob los yog tsis xis nyob los ntawm kev ua cov no:

• Muab ib daim ntaub qhwv ib lub pob dej khov thiab muab tso rau saum daim plaster.
• Noj tshuaj loog mob uas yuav tsis tas yuav muaj daim ntawv yuav tshuaj.
• Tsis txhob tsa cov hnyav lossis ua kev tawm dag zog hnyav rau 24 teev tom qab pub ntshav.

Cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kuaj enzyme marker yog dab tsi?

Kev kuaj ntshav yog cov txheej txheem uas tsis tshua muaj kev pheej hmoo. Ib txhia neeg yuav muaj ntshav qis (hypotension) thaum lawv rho ntshav. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau koj kiv taub hau lossis xeev siab. Yog tias koj xav tias tsis zoo lossis tsaus muag, qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob lossis tus neeg uas rho ntshav tam sim ntawd. Lawv tuaj yeem pab koj los ntawm kev ua kom koj pw lossis ua lwm yam.

Kuv yuav tau txais cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev xeem thaum twg?

Thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, piv txwv li yog tias xav tias muaj mob plawv nres, cov txiaj ntsig yuav muaj sai heev. Txwv tsis pub, nws yuav siv sijhawm ob peb hnub rau tus kws kho mob kom tau txais cov txiaj ntsig los ntawm chav kuaj mob.

Koj tus kws kho mob yuav tham txog cov txiaj ntsig nrog koj. Tej zaum koj yuav tsum tau kuaj ntxiv kom paub tseeb tias muaj teeb meem lossis kom paub tseeb tias tsis muaj teeb meem. Nyob ntawm seb qhov teeb meem zoo li cas, koj yuav tau kuaj ntau yam enzyme marker li ntawm ob peb teev lossis ob peb hnub.

Kuv yuav tsum nug kuv tus kws kho mob li cas?

Koj tuaj yeem nug cov lus nug ntawm tus kws kho mob zoo li no:

• Vim li cas kuv thiaj yuav tsum ua qhov kev kuaj enzyme marker no?
• Kuv puas yuav tsum tau yoo mov, tsum haus luam yeeb, lossis tsum noj tshuaj ua ntej qhov kev kuaj mob?
• Kuv yuav tau txais cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev xeem thaum twg?
• Kuv puas yuav tsum txhawj txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev xeem?
• Kuv puas yuav tau ua ntau qhov kev ntsuam xyuas?
• Kuv yuav tsum tau kuaj cov cim enzyme no ntau npaum li cas?

Thaum kawg, yuav tsum nco ntsoov li cas (Cov Lus Coj Mus Tsev)

Kev kuaj mob enzyme yog ib qho kev kuaj uas muab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm peb cov kabmob, qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov kab mob, thiab kev kho mob. Yog tias koj muaj qee cov tsos mob, tus kws kho mob yuav hais kom kuaj mob no los kuaj mob lossis kom paub tseeb tias tsis muaj kab mob zoo li ntawd.

Kev kuaj mob plawv enzyme ntsuas qhov puas tsuaj rau lub plawv tom qab muaj mob plawv nres. Kev kuaj phosphokinase (CPK) nrhiav cov kab mob ntsig txog cov leeg nqaij. Kev kuaj mob siab enzyme ntsuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub siab. Nug koj tus kws kho mob txog cov lus nug lossis kev txhawj xeeb uas koj muaj txog qhov kev kuaj no lossis nws cov txiaj ntsig. Tsis txhob txhawj, koj tus kws kho mob nyob ntawd los pab koj.

Cov Enzymes, kev kuaj enzyme, kev kuaj ntshav, kab mob plawv, kab mob siab, kab mob leeg, kev kuaj mob